生物耗氧BOD测定仪.doc

BOD5测定仪使用安装说明泰州市奥普特分析仪器有限公司TaiZhou City AoPuTe Analysis Instruments Co. Ltd.V, installation and use(A) preparatory work1、Opening inspection, according to packing list to check hostAnd DeputyAnd accessories are complete.2Experimental power meets the technical requirements of the equipment, checking, AC voltage stabilizer should be used when necessary.3And to ensure the safety and equipment working properly, power outlet must provide reliable grounding wire.(B) the hosting panel and the use of function keysHost consists of nine digital three display Windows, runtime displayChannel number、BODMeasured values（mg/L）Running time (h), and is otherwise defined when setting parameters (see the following entry).Keyboards by ten function keys and the ten digit keys, which operates eight above the eight function keys to the left of led light prompted the current operations, this may also determine what instruments are in working condition.1、Start: set all the parameters, press this key in the reset State, the instrument into action started.2、Reset: while the instrument is running (that is, in the course of the experiment) by pressing this button, this experiment will be terminated, and clear the savedThe experimental data (Note:After the end of the experimentPressing this key, you no longer print provides data and curves); in the process of setting parameters by pressing this button, when confirmed by the carriage return is input parameter will be stored and returned to position to further action.3、 Adjustment: commissioning, calibration, and maintenance of the factory.4、 inoculated: press this key to display P- and saved the inoculation percentage points, with the numeric keys and the Enter key to enter a new percentage of inoculation of sample fluids.5, Range: press this key to display L-, press this key to display18-channel quantum setting values that are stored, with the number keys, and the Enter key to set the new span values for each channel.Equipment available on the range values are20, and100, and300, and500, and800and1000metersof 6species, if the input is incorrect, the computer cannot adopt displays Err,You should reset it again.6、 time: pressing this key the display shows t- the run time settings and saved values,coupled with number keys and the Enter key to enter new experiments,BODIs set to120(h)。7、Clock:Pressing this key the display shows C-1 with two real time clock value,C-1C-5,representing the year, month, day, hour, minute.Press this key to view the clock values one by one in a row, with the number keys, and the Enter key can be calibrated clocks.8, Print: in the process, pressing this key the display shows p-d-,press the channel number and press ENTER,To print the channel gather every two hoursBODData, such as directPress ENTER toPrint all channels collected every two hoursBODData after the end of the experimentPress this key，Display shows p-Same action you can print a single channel or all channels9-Pass7890Complete biochemical reaction curves (including the final data).If you still need to print every two hour collection ofBODalldata, just click the print button, go back top d- interface can operate.9、Removal: when entering a parameter, mismatched numbers click this button to clear the error once data; when the experiment was over, press this key to terminate the host buzzers tweet.10, CR: when you set the parameters, press the key to confirm the input data is valid; press this key to quickly switch pass at run timeRoad viewBODReal-time value。 (C) Equipment installation and system check1、Incubator power is present on, select switch to the incubators temperatureSetPosition, adjust the temperature setting knob so that the table of temperature indicating20, thenSet the temperature selector toMeasurementLocation,According to the incubator instructions to check if it works correctly when controlled temperature of20, precision thermostat should meet20 1 for use.2, Factory provides a dedicated connection cable to the instrument after the host side of the socket and the other end is connected to the incubator rear side socket.Put it in the incubator, Deputy, will be provided inside the box (and host is connected) cable plug and auxiliary connected, connected to main power (by pressing the reset button), the instrument should indicate good.3According to the host panels and the use of function keys as described in the section, separately for vaccination, range, time andModify or confirm the clock setting data, power off, and then turn the power back on and changed data should be stored properly.Long-term unused instrument in carrying out this examination should be powered on for a period of time in order to charge the battery inside the machine, otherwise data may be lost.4、Press the start key, the instrument should be able to cycle through the18ChannelBODMeasured value (it should be0Value).5、Take a flask and add appropriate amount of tap water, tilt about45 In the Blender, bottle in turn into the auxiliary engine of8test position, observed mixed rotation, water gym.6Can experiment, these checks are normal.五、安装和使用（一）准备工作1、开箱检查，按装箱清单核对主机、副机及附件是否齐全。2、检查实验电源是否符合仪器的技术要求，必要时应使用交流稳压器。3、为确保安全和仪器正常工作，电源插座必须提供可靠的接地线。（二）主机面板及功能键的使用主机由九只数码管构成三个显示窗，运行时分别显示通道号、BOD测量值（mg/L）和运行时间（h），而在设置参数时则另有定义（详见以下条目）。键盘由十个功能键和十个数字键组成，其中左侧的八个功能键上方设有八个发光管，发光时提示当前的操作，以此也可判断仪器处于何种工作状态。1、 启动：所有参数设置完毕，在复位状态下按此键，仪器进入运行状态开始实验。2、 复位：在仪器运行时（即在实验过程中）按此键，将终止此次实验，并清除已存的实验数据（注意：实验结束后按此键，则不再提供数据和曲线的打印）；在设置参数过程中按此键，此时经回车确认的已输入参数将被存储，并回到复位状态准备进行其它操作。 3、调校：生产厂调试、校准和维修专用。4、接种：按此键显示器显示“P-”和已存储接种百分比数值，配合数字键和回车键可输入新的样品接种液的百分比数值。5、量程：按此键显示器显示“L-”，连续按此键可分别显示18通道已存储的量程设置值，配合数字键和回车键可设置新的各通道的量程值。仪器可供选择的量程值有20、100、300、500、800和1000计6种，若输入有误，计算机无法采纳会显示“Err”,此时应复位后重新输入。6、时间：按此键显示器显示“t-” 和已存储的运行时间设置值, 配合数字键和回车键可输入新的实验时间，BOD5则设定为120(h)。7、时钟：按此键显示器显示“C-1”和两位实时时钟数值，C-1C-5分别代表年、月、日、时、分。连续按此键可逐一查看时钟值，配合数字键和回车键可校准时钟。8、打印：实验过程中按此键，显示器显示“P d-”, 此时按通道号并按回车键，可打印该通道每隔两小时采集的BOD数据，如直接按回车则打印全部通道每隔两小时采集的BOD数据；实验结束后按此键，显示器显示“P A-”，同样操作可打印单一通道或全部通道9通7890完整的生化反应曲线（包括最终数据）。若还须打印每隔两小时采集的BOD全部数据，只要再按一下打印键，回到“P d-”界面即可操作。9、清除：输入参数时，一旦输错数字按此键可以清除错误数据；实验结束时，按此键可终止主机蜂鸣器鸣叫。10、回车：设置参数时，须按此键确认输入数据有效；在运行时按此键可快速切换通道查看BOD实时值。 (三)、仪器安装与系统性检查1、接通培养箱电源，将培养箱上温度选择开关拨至“设置”位置，调节温度设置旋钮，使表头温度指示为20，然后再将温度选择开关拨至“测量”位置，按生化培养箱说明书检查其工作是否正常，当控制温度为20时，恒温精度应满足201的使用要求。2、将厂方提供的专用连接电缆连接到仪器主机后侧的插座，另一端则连接到培养箱后侧的插座。把副机放进培养箱，将箱内提供（与主机已连通）的专用电缆插头与副机连接好，接通主机电源（按下复位键），仪器应显示“good”字样。3、按照“主机面板及功能键的使用”章节中所述，分别对接种、量程、时间和时钟的设置数据进行修改或确认，关闭电源后再重新打开电源，更改后的数据应能正确存储。长期未用的仪器在进行此项检查时，应先通电一段时间以便给机内电池充电，否则数据可能丢失。4、按下启动键，仪器应能循环显示18通道的BOD测量值（这时应在0值附近）。5、任取一只培养瓶加入适量自来水，倾斜约45放入搅拌子，将瓶子依次放到副机的8个实验位置上，应能观察到搅拌子转动，水面有漩涡。6、以上各项检查均正常即可进行实验。VI, analytical methods and procedures(A) preparation, four inorganic saltsTake41000mlClean volumetric flask set aside.1、Buffer solutionDissolving the following reagent with distilled water and dilute to1000ml(1)、21.75gPotassium phosphate, dibasic(k2HPO4)(2)、8.5gPotassium dihydrogen phosphate(KH2PO4)(3)、33.4gSodium phosphate, dibasic (Na2HPO47H2OHumidity in the61.07%80.51% stable)(4)、1.7gAmmonium chloride (NH4Cl）2And magnesium sulfate solutionDissolved in distilled water22.5gMagnesium sulfate (MgSO47H2O) And dilute to1000ml.3And calcium chloride solutionDissolved in distilled water is27.5gCalcium chloride (CaCl2) And dilute to1000ml.4And ferric chloride solutionDissolved in distilled water0.25gFerric chloride (FeCl36H2O) And dilute to1000ml。(B) sampleBODMeasurement of the1, Anticipating specimens which are to beBODA range of values, select the close range.If unknown, the samples can beCODvalue, and thereby determine the range (usuallysamples ofBODvalues for samples of theCODvalue of0.8times.BOD1000mg/L, microbial samples containing sufficient oxygen, without vaccination, either directly according to the selected measuring range, found samples from the sampling scale weight.Depending on the number of test samples (up to8) to determine the one samples a few flasks.If there are only two samples, you can choose24determination of flasks, one water sample.Estimates of the sampleBODvalue range, determine the amount of sampling each bottle to determine several flasks of required total amount of sampling.Place the water in a large beaker (1000ml2000ml), per1000mlJoined four inorganic salts the water sample1ml.Put the beaker into the incubator Vice either experiment on location mixing temperatureof 23hours.Both must adjust the waterspHvalue6.77.5(the sweet spotpH7.2）。Outside this range, use appropriate concentrations of sodium hydroxide or sulphuric acid neutralization.Cylinder sampling by fixed measure sampling poured into the flask.Sampling scales (according to flask volume to fill in the actual values from the factory)Measuring range (mg/l)020010003000500080001000Takingsamples2、Placed in each flask1mixed child, flasks placed on the Deputys experiment, note, flasks and Vice-Match the channel number is indicated on, ensure that the set value, the measured value and the exact correspondence between the actual samples.Heat stirring until the water temperature reaches20 1 (approximately12hours).3、Take8cleaning clean the sealing Cup, Cup, puts the total height is about1/4solidNaOHKOH(Or56Particle sizeNaOHParticle), sealed glass bottle mouth and the head has two connections with the surface coated with a thin layer of grease in vacuum, and then placed in each bottle.With hose connection CAP in flasks, rotated through tight, while Deputy machine8reference pressure cartridge seals only tighten bolts, must not allow this processNaOHorKOHinto the culture fluid.4、As previously mentioned, reattached after a check on clock, timing, range set value is accurate withoutFalse positives.If you do not need vaccinations, vaccination should be set value is set to0, this is the mode of non-vaccination,18-channel direct measurements of all as samples.Inoculation when set value is0, the definition for inoculation model, it will inevitably cause computational errors.5And inoculated settings.Some lack of samples of micro-organisms require inoculation (specific operations see inoculation section), requires that all samples of vaccine rate,and require the inoculated water samples while conducting parallel experiments, inoculation and water must be placed on1channel.As the vaccine rate, sample for10%, pressing the key inoculation, enter the numeric key1, and0,then press the Enter key to confirm, the display appears End.Reset and then vaccination key to confirm and correct.6, And thus can be reset by pressing the start key, start experimenting until the set time after the completion, the instrument automatically terminate data collection and displayed in the time display window EndWords, internal buzzer beep prompt end of the experiment.7, And then press the clear key to end buzzer beep, then press the print button, you can print a single channel or all channelsComplete biochemical reaction curves or data.8、Equipment is protected from power failure, in the process, in case of a sudden power outage, all data will be lost.Calldisplay window displays briefly, run, the instrumentautomatically resumes without the need for human intervention (power outage time may affect the measurement result).9, Apparatus, once started, may not be hitting the reset button.As a result of special circumstances to be cancelled this experiment can be reset, but running data will be lost, if it was started not long (2hours), could be restarted to continue to experiment, you should terminate the experiment.(C), measurement data processing1And for undiluted samples within the range established by (allows ultra-range20%), the instrument measured valuesIsBODValue.Diluted samples, simply multiply the measured value dilution ratio forBODvalues.(D)、Standard samples of experimental method1、Preparation of dilution waterTake a2000mlBeakers, the amount of cylinder volume2000mlPour distilled water into the beaker, add four inorganic salts in the beaker2ml, Which is diluted with water.2、2000mlDilution of dissolved in water300mgGlucose (C6H12O4) And300mgGlutamic acid (such as glucose for laboratory use due to its crystal water and glucose should be weighed330mg）。In the mixing beaker and a child, place the beaker into experimental position of Vice within the incubator machine, constant stirring23hours.Note: prior to this standard solution should be used every time a fresh configuration.3Use1000mlVaccination of domestic wastewater beaker to get fresh liquid, place the beaker into the boxes under test position, simultaneously with the standard thermostat23hours.4And set asideAfter dissolving all reference materials, the amount of cylinder200mlAnd cylinder take200mlIn samples of sewage poured into the standard.Standard samples of inoculated in the incubator experiment places on the auxiliary engine thermostatic mixing12hours.5、Sampling scales0300mg/LMeasuring range a given amount of sampling, volume inoculated standard samples, respectively, into7Flask, and placed under28-channel defined position.0100mg/lmeasuring range a given amount of sampling, volume of domestic sewage poured into1flask, put in under the first channelParallel determination of the location.Then press the aforementioned sampleBODmeasurement of39to experiment.6If28-channel measurements at180230mg/LWithin the method indicates that the instrument is appropriate, correct results.If measurement result exceeds the range, to check up on the performance, procedures and methods of operation, as well as vaccination water meets the requirements (see the following section impactBODdetermination factor).(V), impactBODDetermining factors1.Oxygen, dissolvedSamples taken in winter because the temperature is set at20, dissolved oxygen supersaturation, and samples taken in summer20 saturated dissolved oxygen may owe.BODdetermination of these samples should be before mixing and aeration, and adjusted so that the dissolved oxygen to20 saturation point or so.2、pHWater samples should be adjustedpH6.77.5between (bestpH7.2), outside this range, with largeAcid and alkaline water samples, measured values may be lower than actual content.3、TemperatureEquipment required20 1 temperatures for experiments outside this range, can also affect the measurement results.Therefore, in front of the experimental samples had to be20 1 constant temperature pretreatment, winter and summer temperature deviation during periods of high, pretreatment time shall be extended appropriately.4、DilutionIf the test sampleBODEstimates more than1000mg/L,Diluted diluted water samples that are available.By adding dilution waterShould be kept for20C and aerated dissolved oxygen saturation.5、Vaccination(1) the significance ofBODExperiment, requirements for bio-oxidation of organic matter and water samples containing moderate aerobic bacterial oxidation of organic compounds, as well asDevouring organisms aerobic bacteria and promote the growth of other micro-organisms.If no or almost no such microorganisms in water, the water sample must be proportionally to join solution of such micro-organisms.This process is called inoculation.Differ from the General domestic sewage, industrial wastewater may not contain sufficient amounts of bacteria and germs, for samples containing organic compounds in incomplete biochemical decomposition, such samples, therefore, should be vaccinated.Even wastewater, containing phenol, andformaldehyde and other substances that inhibit the growth of bacteria that not only cannot be used as inoculation fluid and theirBODmeasurementis necessary vaccinations.（2）Preparation of and inoculatedSolution for vaccinations20 placed2436hours without treatment,Contain adequate amounts of bacteria and micro-organismsFresh sewage supernatant.In the next experiment, to use a previous determination of water sample as liquid inoculation, to filter through filter paper, this bearing in mind the liquid at20 under light, you can use up to two months.(3), the mode of non-vaccination vaccinationsOf samples will be prepared into the flask, pipet25drops of liquid inoculation (with sample) added to the sample, pressing the key inoculation, inoculation setting value to0(8channel all as sample measurement), follow the steps for determinationBOD。Because the vaccinations are too few liquid plus, can simply ignore its effects, final measured values can be treated as samples of actualBODvalues.（4）Vaccination, vaccination modeIf the mode of non-vaccination vaccination cannot cause decomposition of organic matter in water, vaccination should be added, using mode of inoculation inoculation.Experiments of vaccination should be fluid and samples at the same time, parallel sampling measurement and calculation.Vaccinations often pick up1%,5%,10%.六、分析方法与步骤（一）、四种无机盐的制备取4只1000ml清洗干净的容量瓶备用。1、 缓冲液用蒸馏水溶解下列试剂并稀释到1000ml(1)、21.75g磷酸氢二钾(K2HPO4)(2)、8.5g磷酸二氢钾(KH2PO4)(3)、33.4g磷酸氢二钠（Na2HPO47H2O湿度在61.0780.51稳定）(4)、1.7g氯化铵（NH4Cl）2、硫酸镁溶液在蒸馏水中溶解22.5g硫酸镁（MgSO47H2O）并稀释至1000ml.3、氯化钙溶液在蒸馏水中溶解27.5g氯化钙（CaCl2）并稀释至1000ml.4、三氯化铁溶液在蒸馏水中溶解0.25g三氯化铁（FeCl36H2O）并稀释至1000ml。（二）样品BOD5的测量1、预估被测样品的BOD5值的范围，选择接近量程。