初二下英语词汇及短语.doc

初二下册英语词汇及短语excited 主语指人 exciting 主语指物 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invite sb to 邀请某人去(某处) one/some/mang/most of 一个、一些、许多、大部分 say thanks/goodby/hello/sorry to sb 向某人道谢、说再见、问候、道歉 the smiling face 满脸笑容 smile at life 笑对人身 the movie theater 电影院 how+(adj/adv/v)+ 主语+其他 how beautiful it is ! how fast he drive ! what+a/an+adj+n(单数)! what +adj+n(复数)!如:what a beautiful girl! What exciting the movie is!buy sth for sb 为某人买某物 none任何一个都不,可以指人,也可以指物,为否定意义的词,表示全部否定.可与of 连用,none of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数. 如:none of us can says that words. 反意疑问句为：can they? no one 意为任何一个都不.与no boby同义.只能指人.不能与of短语连用,作主语时,谓语动词用单数.there is no one/no body in the room. 反意疑问句为：Is there? 常见的系动词有：look feel sound get become seem smell turn and so on系动词后常接形容词作表语 be popular with 受的欢迎 He is always popular with the farmers. poor反义词为expensive /rich happy /glad反义词为unhappy/sad few /a few 后接可数名词复数a few 相当于several (几个) little/ a little 后接不可数名词如：there is few students on the playground. I dtink little water .because Im not thirty at all. few、little表示否定意义，a few .a little则表示肯定意义。如：The problem is too difficult,so few students can work out it.There is a little water in the bottle,you can dink it. a little = a bit of 如：a little water = a bit of water a ticket to (for)sth 的票/券、入场券not at all一点也不；根本不。likebest 最喜欢 like better、a lot 比较喜欢非常喜欢 once more 再来一次 two more 再来两如：the roast chicken is very delicious!I want two more ，please.这烤鸡太美味了，请给我再来两个。One the other 一各另一个another +单数可数名词 = one more +单数可数名词I want to eat another cake =I want to eat one more cake another +数词+复数可数名词 =数词+ more +复数可数名词 its too hot ,please give another two bottles of water =its too hot ,please give me two more bottles of water .be proud of 以为荣；为感到骄傲 同义词：take pride in be pleased with 为感到高兴be pleased to do sth 做感到高兴 with pleasure / its a (my )pleasure =be glad to do sth这是我乐意做的/乐意做某事 feel disappointed 感到失望 set the table for为摆放餐桌 set there table摆放三个座位 seem用法： 后面接形容词作表语 it seems very tired. 接动词不定式。She seems to havea lot fo money. 接从句it seems that he will leave Beijing.双写末尾一个字母加ing的现在分词有：set sit get stop happen begin swim chat run 双写末尾一个字母加ed 的动词有： stop stopped happenhappenned be able to表示客观事实 ,can表示主观能力，可以互换。但表示允许时， 只能用can. can 只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，并且不能用于被动语态。而be able to 可以用于任意一种时态。 have a temperature = have a fever 发烧 have /catch a cold 感冒 take ones temperature 给某人量体温。Ones 必须用形容词性物主代词 what for ?表目的口语中相当于why just now 刚才 everything goes well一切顺利 ring up sb/give sb a ring/ring sb /call sb (up)/phone sb 打电话给某人 feel sorry for sb 为谁而感到难过/抱歉whats the name of ， 的名字是什么 be on 上演 when will the movie be on ?电影什么时候上演？ 消费表达：the cost of living 城市消费 cost 作动词时，主语只能是物，不能是人。结构常为： cost sb （钱或时间） 花费了多少钱或时间做某事如：The bike cost me 350 yuan.Somebody spend on sth / (in) doing sth某人做某事花了多少（时间或金钱）主语指人。The teacher spent there hours in watering the flowers. she spent five yuan on the book. 某人做某事花了多少时间,主语指物。 结构：It takes sb stimes to do sth = Somebody spend sometimes to do sth.takes 要随时态和人称的变化而变化。 pay for付钱 pay off 付清 pay attention to 注意 pay money back 还钱 A man/women/girl/boy called 一个叫的人 a ship called一艘叫的船called是分词短语相当于形容词作定语 care for = take care of = look after 照看;照顾take care = look out (指情况比较紧急)=be careful 当心；小心alone 指一个人，独自。All the teachers left the office ,but Mr wang was in alone .lonely孤独的；寂寞的。指内心的感受，精神空虚。如：there are five children in his family,but he feels very lonely.be strict with sb对某人要求严格 be strict about/in sth对某事要求严格teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事 perform short funny play表演有趣的短剧cheer sb up 令某人振作起来what do you think of ?和how do you like ?表示对什么的看法,你认为什么怎么样? tell sb to do sth = ask sb to do sth 否定式为:tell /ask sb not to do sth be happy /glad to do sth 做某事感到很高兴 a little angry /happy 有点悲伤/高兴 在具体某一天的早上.晚上等只能用on 如:on the evening/night of June 13th. have a serious accident 发生了一个严重的事故 on the way to /on ones way to 在去的路上/在某人去的路上 fall into 摔入afraid:后接从句 Im afraid +that Im afraid that I cant go with you because I have a lot of homework to do. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 be afraid of (doing)sth 害怕某事 each other 彼此;互相. everywhere=here and there到处;处处. come into being 形成;诞生. look for 寻找(找的动作)find 找(指找到的结果) look like 看起来像 50 years of history 50年的历史 be full of sth =be filled with sth 装满什么;用什么装满. use用法used to do sth 过去常常,表示过去经常发生的动作,现在已经不存在了.He used to play basketball when he was young .在他小的时候习惯于打篮球be /become /get /used (doing) sth 习惯于做某事,动作现在仍然存在.Toms mother is used living in a village along .汤姆的妈妈已经习惯于一个人住在乡下.be/become used to do sth(用于被动语态)被用于做某事.water is used to cook.水用来做饭. more and more 越来越多的 more and more students are becoming interested in Enlish. the morethe more 越 越 the more harder you work ,the more better you get . be /become interested in 对感兴趣 an interesting book 一本有趣的书 more than =over 反义词less than agree with 赞同;赞成 begin /start with 以什么开始;end with 以什么结尾 have sth to do 有什么事要做. I have some money to give you . I have no time to talk with you . thank sb for sth (doing)为某事而感谢某人 表示表扬和鼓励的句子：very good 、 wonderful 、excellent、 perfect 、 keep trying、 you can do it、 vell done 表示安慰的句子：dont be afraid ;its all right ;itll be ok ;itll all right Dont worry别担心take it easy ；calm down别急,慢慢来 hurry up 快点 try to do sth 试着做某事try doing sth 尝试做某事 fail (dont pass )I failed the English exam.=I didnt pass the English exam. why dont + 主语 + 动词+其它 = why not do sth为何不做某事. make friends with sb 和某人交朋友 have a joke 开玩笑 make sb laugh 逗某人发笑 at ones age 在某人的年龄at the age of 在岁时 refuse to do sth拒绝做某事 refuse sb /sth 拒绝某人、某事 not any longer/more = no longer /more 不再 require doing sth 要求做某事 sure 用法:be sure +that 确信Im sure that he cant go with you .(从句)be sure to do sth 确信做某事(一定会)the boss is sure to raise a lot of money .be sure of (doing)sth 对有把握 soft music 轻音乐 something unfair 一些不公平的事 not enough time for sleep 睡眠不足 how time flies! 光阴似箭! hope to do sth /wish to do sth /wish sb to do sth 希望(某人)做某事 时间段 + ago/ last + 时间段用于一般过去式 make peace with sb 与某人和解 make friends with sb 和某人交朋友whats more 而且 go to sleep 去睡觉 fall asleep入睡 fast asleep 很快入睡 change相当与affect change to do sth 改变做某事change ones mind 改变某人的主意 with ones help 在某人的帮助下 with the help of 在的帮助下 accept收到；接收，强调愿意接受 receive只表示收到某人的东西，但并不代表愿意接收 follow ones advice 遵循某人的建议 maybe =perhaps 或许 be afraid of taking bitter medicine 害怕吃苦药get well soon 很快恢复健康；很快就好 make /let/keep sb do sth ,令、让、保持某人做某事make /let/keep sb +adj(形容词)令、让、某人保持某种状态 be glad to do sth 做某事感到高兴be glad 接从句 cheer sb up 使/让某人振作起来 in turn 轮流turn on 打开turn off 关掉turn down 调低(小)turn up 调高(大) take turns to do sth 轮流做某事its ones turn to do sth 该轮到某人做某事 turn to sb =ask sb for help 向某人求助 help sb to do sth /help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 learn by oneself/teach oneself 自学give a speech /give a talk 作报告 instead of 代替 in surprise 惊奇 give sb a surprise =give a surprise to sb 给某人一个惊喜 to ones surprised令某人感到惊奇的是be surprised with/at sth ；be surprised+从句/to do sth 对某事感到惊奇 get along/on well with sb 与某人相处融洽 upset and unhappy 苦恼和悲伤 in a bad /good mood坏心情/好心情 become healthier 变得更加健康 put on 穿上/上演t ake off脱下/起飞put away 把收起来put down 把放下 put into把 放入（输入 ） put off延期 put out 熄灭 a short play 一个短剧 keep heathy 保持身体健康 a few days 几天 in high /low spirits 情绪高昂/低落 have a (good) rest （好好）休息 make sb monitor选某人当班长 take part in /join（成为其中的一员） 参加；加入 full moon 圆月 in the sky 在天空中 get together with 和聚在一起 sbs eyes fill with tears 某人眼里充满泪水 the color of nature 大自然的颜色 in good spirits 精神状态良好 learn sth from 从学习 learn/study to do sth 学做某事 eat healthy food 吃健康的食物 thoughts and feelings想法/思维和感觉 get help from 从获得帮助 make an important decision做重大决定think and think/think over 仔细思考； think about 思考 daily activities日常活动 a sense of happiness幸福的感觉 a sence of duty 责任感 get back to sth 继续某事；回到某事上 go on a visit to 去参观、旅游 depend on /upon 决定；选定；依靠spring field trip 春游 a two-day visit to Mount Tai 泰山两日游 my task is to work/study hard 我们的任务是努力学习. ask the problem over /on the phone 打电话问这个问题 per ticket 每张票 per day 每一天 total time 总计时间 see the sunrise 看日出 make /raise money挣钱；筹钱 book train tickets to Mount Tai for sb 为某人预定去泰山的火车票 book 2 tickets for the hard sleeper 预定两张硬卧票 what about the price ?/whats the piece of ?/how much ? 的价格是多少？ a ticket at ￥200 for the hard sleeper 两百元一张的硬卧票the soft sleeper 软卧 departure time 出发时间 arrival time 抵达时间 make a room reservation 预定一间房 a standard room with two single beds标准双人间 a standard room with one single bed标准单人间 tell sb to do sth 叫(告诉)某人做某事,否定式为: tell sb not to do sth many special ways许多特殊的方法 come up with /find a way out 想出办法 look forward to(doing) sth 期盼做某事 in the open air 在户外 face to face 面对面 mouth to mouth 人工呼吸at the foot of Mount Tai 泰山脚下 have a good 、 wonderful 、nice time = enjoy oneself玩得很高兴 the sea of clouds 云海 in the daytime 在白天 at night 在夜间 in the evening 在晚上 a place of interest 名胜古迹 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事a few minutes later 几分钟之后 how /what about +v(doing)sth ? have a class 上一节课 climb a mountain 爬山 knock at/on the door 敲门 at the beginning of 在的开始on both sides of the (way 、roads、treet) = on each side of the (way 、roads 、treet)在道路、公路、街道的两旁 on the side of 在的一边 in the old days 在古代、古时候 two and a half hours 两个半小时 an important vehicle 一种很重要的交通工具 peace of the country 和平国家 high prestige 很高的威望 the parking lot 停车场 take out 拿出、取出 No photos/smoking 禁止拍照、吸烟 the crowd of people拥挤的人群 step on ones toes 踩到某人的脚 shout at sb 嘲笑某人 shout to sb 对某人大喊、吼某人 in all directions =every direction 四面八方 in the direction of 朝 方向 in ones direction 朝着某人的方向 out of sight 脱离视线/没看见 raise ones head 抬起某人的头 each other 彼此、互相 jump up and down /happily 欢呼跳跃 check over /look over 检查 cant help doing sth 情不自禁做某事cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事 get /be lost 迷路、丢失 go camping 去野营run after （a goat ）追赶（山羊） a traffic accident 一场交通事故 obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则 break the traffic rules 违反交通规则 cause air pollution 影起空气污染 spit everywhere 随地吐痰 be popular with 深受的欢迎 be popular 流行 a sharp turn to the left 一个急左转 slow down 减速 the opposite direction相反的方向 badly hurt 重伤 call 122 hotline拨打122热线电话 take /sent sb to the hospital 带、送某人去医院 lose ones life 丧失某人的生命 in fact 事实上 wear bicycle helmets 戴摩托车头盔 light-colored clothes 浅色的衣服 warn sb (not)to do sth 提醒、警告某人做（不做）某事 ware sb about /of sth 警告、提醒某人某事 no left =dont turn left 禁止向右拐 drive on the left-hand(right-hand)side of the road 靠公路左（右）行 around the world = across the world = all over the world = all the countries 全世界 be good(bad) for对 有益（害） look up朝上看、仰望、查找 be famous /known for 因而出名 a middle school student 一个中学生 the path to success 成功的道路 make a comeback keep （go） on doing sth 继续做某事 keep /prevent from doing sth 阻止做某事 give up sth 放弃做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事（正在做的动作） stop to do sth 停下来做某事（做另外的动作） deal with 处置、对付 be covered with 被覆盖 avoid doing sth 避免；防止做某事 run into 撞上 ride into 进入；挤身于 make a mistake 犯错误 at least 至少 solve a problem 解决一个问题happen to sb /sth发生在身上 happen to do sth 碰巧干某事 a dark horse 黑马；深藏不露 build for 为修建 a poor (rich)village 一个贫穷（富裕）的乡村 have (hold)a food festival举办美食节 organize the food festival 筹备美食节 make a poster 制海报 chat with sb 和某人聊天 try (do )ones best 尽某人的最大努力 make tea 制茶； 沏茶 cook soup 煮汤 make biscuits 制饼干make strawberry pancakes 制草莓饼干 set the table 铺桌子 have a sweet tooth=like eating sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食 China fried rice 中国的炒饭 American chocolate cookies 美国的巧克力甜饼 Greek cheese pies 希腊的奶酪馅饼 Indian curries 印度的咖喱 Russian black bread 俄罗斯黑面包 China中国Chinese中国人的；中国人 America美 国American美国人；美国人的 Japan 日本Japanese 日本人；日本人的 India 印度Indian 印度人；印度人的 Greek希腊 Greece希腊人； 希腊人的 Italy 意大利Italian 意大利人；意大利人的 Africa 非洲African非洲人；非洲人的 tralia 澳大利亚 Australian澳大利亚人；澳大利亚人的 Russia 俄罗斯Russian 俄罗斯人；俄罗斯人的 Europe 欧洲European 欧洲的；欧洲人的Asia 亚洲Asian亚洲人；亚洲人的be far away from 远离 pick up 捡起；拾起although 尽管 与though 同意remember not to do sth 记住别做某事 kind-hearted = warm-hearted 好心肠的；热心肠的take/have a seat 就座 take ones seat 座某人的座位 have/ask for /pay the bill付帐；结帐 send an e-mail to sb = send sb an e-mail给某人发一封电子邮件 later on =amoment later 过一会；稍候 extension 6006,please . 请转分机6006 = please dial extension 6006 hold on 请稍等；别挂 in order to 为了 in short 总之 supply sb sth = supply sth to sb 为某人提供某物 show sth to sb = show sb sth 把某物出示给某人看 时序副词： First 首先 Scend 其次 Next 再次 Then 然后 After that 之后 Finally 最后 give sth to sb = give sb sth 把某物拿给某人 pass sth to sb = pass sb sth 把某物传递给某人make ones dream come true 实现某人的梦想 keep up the good work 继续努力工作 cooked meat 熟肉 add to 多少加多少 add to 把加在上 add up 加起来 add up to 总计为 cut sth into 把某物切成 cut up sth 把切碎Boil some water 烧开水 boiled water 烧开的水 be tired of sth 厌倦某事 spread sth on sth 往上涂抹 mind doing sth 介意做某事 practice makes perfect 熟能生巧 （谚语）practice doing sth 练习做某事 help yourself (yourselves) to some 请随便吃have a try 试一试 try on 试穿 end (begin、start)with 以(开始)结束 had better do sth (否定式) had better (not)do sth 最好做（不做）某事 order a meal 订餐 send a meal送餐 be worth doing sth 值得做某事 both and 二者都副词比较级前常用even、still 、a lot、 a bit 、far much、 a little 等词修饰Western table manners 西方的餐桌礼仪 eat up 吃光 cheer up 干杯；令人振奋、欢呼 drink to sb 与某人干杯 take only a sip 喝一小口 for sale 代售、出售on sale 削价、打折、上市、出售 be satisfied with对 感到满意 too much (too many) +不可数名词（可数名词复数）太多much too（修饰形容词或者副词）太 eating customs 饮食习惯 eating habits 饮食爱好healthy eating /food 健康饮食/健康食物 be bad for ones health 对某人的健康有害finish doing sth 结束某事 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食 eat regularly 有规律地吃in short 总而言之;总之 the +比较级,the +比较级 表示越越 soft and smooth 柔软而光滑 so + adj +a(an)+ n + that +其它 = such + a/an + adj + n + that + 其它 1.形容词后面为可数名词复数或者不可数名词时,只能用such 2.形容词前有 many 、much 、little、 few 时只能用so could you tell me where I should buy a scarf ? = could you tell me where to buy a scarf ? Womens Wear Section 女装区 on the third floor 在第三层 natural materials 纯天然材料 be made of 由制造（原材料能看出） be made from 由制造（原材料不能看出）be made in 产与 a woolen dress 一条羊毛裙 immediately = at once 立刻；马上the style of dressing 服装的款式 likes and dislikes 喜好；喜恶 catch ones eye 引人注目 wash it in warm water 干洗 iron it on low heat 低温熨烫dry-clean it 干洗 protect from 保护免受easy-going 随和的；容易相处的 as the saying going 正如格言所语 you are what you wear !衣如其人! lively people 性格活泼可爱 quiet people 沉默内向的人look ugly on us 穿在我们身上很难看 not really 不尽然 design our uniforms 设计我们的校服 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事 suitable for sb /sth 对某人/某物适用 suitable to do sth适合做某事 suitable uniforms 合适的制服 show good discipline 展示良好的风纪 make a survey 做调查 agree with sb 赞同某人的意见 plain clothes 便装 carry out special tasks 执行特殊任务 people in trouble 处于困境的人们 wear a shirt with a tie 穿一件打领带的衬衫 dress correctly 衣着得体同义句: be good at =do well in 擅长于某方面;在某方面做得好 live all by oneself = live alone 独自一人 Its great fun to do sth =its very interesting to do sth 做某事非常有兴趣 pay for =spend on sth /spend (in) doing sth .在某一方面花费了多少 be ready /prepare for 为做准备prepare sth for sb为某人准备 Whats the matter with sb ?=whats wrong with sb? =whats the trouble with sb?什么出了啥毛病 There is something wrong wit