初一英语大盘点.doc

初一英语大盘点编稿：郭宇 审稿：贾巍 责编：夏芳莲由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：一、动词+介词1look at看， look like 看上去像， look after 照料2listen to听3welcome to欢迎到4say hello to 向问好5speak to对说话此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。二、动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A动词（vt.）+副词1put on 穿上 2take off脱下3write down记下此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。B动词（vi）+副词。1come on赶快 2get up起床 3go home回家4come in进来 5sit down坐下 6stand up起立此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。三、其它类动词词组1.close the door 2.1ook the same3.go to work/class4.be ill 5.have a look/seat6.have supper7.1ook young8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games10. play games介词短语聚焦“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。1in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着。2in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在排/队/班级/年级”等。3in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。4in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。5in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。6in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。7at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。8at + 时刻表示钟点。9like this/that表示方式，意为“像这/那样”。10of短语表示所属关系。11behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。12from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从”，后者意为“到”。另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on ones bike等。重点句型大回放1I think意为“我认为”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I dont think.2give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把给”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.3take sb./ sth. to意为“把(送)带到”，后常接地点，也可接人。4One, the other/One isand one is意为“一个是；另一个是”，必须是两者中。5Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Dont let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Lets 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内。6help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换。7What about？/How about？意为“怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。8Its time to do/ Its time for sth. 意为“该做的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。9like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”， 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作。10ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式。11show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。12introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。重温重点句型1So + be助动词情态动词+主语前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be助动词情态动词+主语”这种倒装结构。注意：“So+主语+be助动词情态动词”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”2Turn rightleft at the firstsecondcrossing.这一指路的句型意为“在第一二个十字路口向右左拐。”相当于Take the first secondturning on therightleft.3It takes sbsome time to do sth此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的主语。4thinkfind + it + adj. + to do sth.此句型中的it是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的宾语。5Whats wrong with？此句型相当于Whats the matter/ trouble with？后跟某物作宾语时，意为“某物出什么毛病了？”后跟某人作宾语时，意为“某人怎么了？”6tooto在sothat复合句中，that后的句子是否定句时，常与简单句tooto（太而不能）进行句型转换。在sothat复合句中，that后的句子是肯定句时，常与简单句enough to进行句型转换.7Sorry to hear that.全句应为Im sorry to hear that. 意为“听到此事我很难过（遗憾）。”常用于对别人的不幸表示同情、遗憾之意。重点句型、词组大盘点1. She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。用法 used to + 动词原形，表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态，含有现在不再如此之意。搭配 used to do的否定式可以是usednt to do或didnt use to do.比较 used to do sth. 过去常做某事；be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事；be used to do sth. 被用来做某事。2.return it sooner or later.迟早要将它归还。用法 l)sooner or later意为“迟早”、“早晚”。 2)return此处用作及物动词，意为“归还”，相当于give back.拓展return还可用作不及物动词，意为“返回”，相当于go back或come back。3.No matter what the weather is like无论天气用法no matter what 相当于whatever，其意为“无论什么”，引导状语从句。拓展类似no matter what的表达方式还有：no matter when无论什么时候no matter where无论什么地方no matter who无论谁no matter how 无论怎么样4. A young man practised speaking English with Mr. Green. 一位年经人与格林先生练习讲英语。用法practise doing sth. 表示“实践、练习（做）某事”。拓展practice名词，“实践”、“实施”、“练习”；put a plan into practice实行某计划。5. He encouraged everyone to take part in protecting our lakes, rivers, seas and oceans. 他鼓励大家参加保护我们的湖泊、河流和海洋的活动。用法1)encourage用作动词，意思是“鼓励”、“支持”。2)take part in“参加”，常表示参加活动。3)protect 是动词，表示“防御”、“保护”。搭配1)encourage sb. in sth.在某事上鼓励或支持某人encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人干某事2)protect sb. from sth.使某人不受某事侵袭或伤害6. to warn people about sharks in the water. 警告人们当心水里的鲨鱼。用法 warn用作动词，意思是“警告”、“警戒”。搭配1)warn sb.+ that从句2)warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事3)warn sb. to do sth.告诫某人做某事4)warn sb. against(doing) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事一、词汇（A）根据词意和所给的第一个字母写出相应的单词。1not very often s_ 2the food you usually eat d_3a person who dances d_ 4costing a lot of money e_5like something or someone better p_ 6the way you live l_7a cut in price d_8power to do things e_9go well with m_ 10usually with bright colours f_（B）根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空。1There is a supermarket _(call) Suguo near our school.2What is this sweater _(make) of?3Lets buy some _(tomato) and carrots.4I eat a lot of fruit now and I feel _(health).5Mr Wu asked Simon and _ (I) to help _(he).6What size are your _(foot)?（C）根据句意，选择方框中所给的动词，用其正确形式填空，每词只能用一次。sew, borrow, be, get, drink, need, do, eat, have, raise1I _ vitamins to stay healthy.2Last Friday everyone _ fun at the fashion show and the students _ lots of money for Project Hope.3_ good food and _ exercise are good for your health.4Yesterday I _ these long red boots from my mother.5Its important _ lots of water every day.6There _ no calories in water, so you can drink it without _ fat.7Afterwards, he _ some blue strips on the trainers.二、单项选择1Its important _ a dancer to be healthy.A. to B. of C. for D. as2What _ you need to buy?A. B. do C. does D. doing3It often takes _ hour to cook.A. an B. the C. a D. 4We all wore clothes _ different times _ the 20th.A. from; in B. to; in C. from; on D. from; at5Were your parents _ the fashion show on Friday?A. in B. on C. with D. at6We didnt buy _ in the shop.A. nothing B. something C. anything D. somethings7The pair of new shoes are very nice, could I _?A. try on B. try out them C. try on them D. try them on8Are you going to have _ fruit? Yes, please.A. any B. take C. some D. lost9How much do you _ for your new shoes?A. pay B. take C. cost D. spend10Now Im _ my turn.A. wait for B. waiting for C. waiting D. waiting to11_ 5 floors of shops in this new shopping mall.A. There be B. There isC. There are D. There were12The girl is crying _ her hands on her stomach.A. with B. of C. for D. to三、交际用语（A）根据对话内容，从所给的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项，其中两项为多余选项。AWhat about you?BWould you like black tea?CDo you have eggs?DWould you like something to eat?EBlack tea or green tea?FCan I help you?GThank you very much（W：Waitress（女服务员） P：Peter S：Sandy）W：_1_P：Yes, what drink would you like, Sandy?S：Id like some tea.P：_2_S：Black tea, please. _3_P：Id like milk. _4_S：Yes, some bread, please.P：All right. _5_W：Yes.P：We want a cup of black tea, a glass of milk, two pieces of read and four eggs, please.W：OK. Just a minute（稍等）.（B）根据对话内容，每空填一个词（含缩略词），将对话补全，该单词的首字母已给出。Meiling：Hi Rick. Do you like your new d_1_?Rick：Its OK. I love hamburgers but I dont eat them any m_2_.Meiling：I like e_3_ sweet but I dont eat them now.Rick：Do you f_4_ better?Meiling：Yes, I eat lots of fruit and I feel healthier.Rick：Whats your f_5_ fruit?Meiling：Bananas. Good I _6_ with your new diet, Rick.Rick：Thanks, Meiling.Meiling：Do you like Chinese food?Rick：Yes. I _7_ very nice. I like dumplings with vegetables.Meiling：Do you like exercise?Rick：Yes, Im good at p_8_ tennis.Meiling：T_9_ a tennis match on TV. Its between the China team and the Korea（韩国） team.Rick：Oh, I must go home to watch it. Thank you for t_10_ me about it. See you.Meiling：See you then.四、改写下列句子，使其原句意思相符（每空一词）1Sometimes I have rice with fish and an apple for lunch.Sometimes I _ rice with fish and an apple _ lunch.2There arent any calories in water.There _ _ calories in water.3How much do you pay for the cards?How much _ the cards _?4He no more eats fast food.He _ _ eat fast food _ _.5Kitty can buy Simon presents.Kitty can _ some presents _ Simon.6There are lots of toys in my bed room.I _ _ toys in my bed room.五、完形填空Jimmy is very _1_ at Maths.Mary, his sister, doesnt do well _2_ it. Jimmy often helps her with her Maths. One night Jimmy and Mary took out their exercise-books and began _3_ their lessons. Soon Jimmy finished _4_ his homework, but his sister _5_. She couldnt work _6_ the last（问题）. “Let me _7_ you,” said Jimmy. “No, please _8_.Ill do it myself, ” said Mary. She thought hard, an hour _9_, she worked it out. She was very tired, but very, very _10_.1 A. good B. better C. fine D. well2 A. at B. inC. on D. of3 A. to makeB. doC. to doD. of4 A. do B. to do C. didD. doing5 A. couldntB. dontC. neednt D. cant6 A. on B. out C. atD. for7 A. to helpB. to speak C. helpD. to tell8 A. didntB. couldnt C. cant D. dont9 A. afterB. later C. behind D. in10A. sorryB. bad C. happyD. angry六、阅读理解(A)Mary is an American schoolgirl. She is now in Beijing with her parents. She doesnt know Chinese, but she is trying to study and speak it. She often tries to speak Chinese to her Chinese friends. Sometimes they dont understand (理解) her, because she cant speak Chinese well.Its Saturday morning. Mary goes out. She is on her way to the park. She is going there to see a flower show (展览).But she doesnt know how to get there. She asks a Chinese boy. The boy cant understand her. Then she takes out a pen and some paper. She draws flowers on it, gives the picture to the boy and says something about it. The boy smiles and then shows（指给）Mary the way to the park.1. Where does Mary live now? She lives in_A. China B. England C. America D. Canada2. She likes with her_A. speaking Chinese; parents B. speaking Chinese; Chinese friendsC. speaking English; Chinese friendsD. speaking Chinese; teachers3. She can speak_ Chinese.A. much B. a little C. little D. a few4. Where is she going?A. To a new school. B. To see her friends. C. To a farm. D. To see some flowers.5. How does she ask the way to the flower show?A. She asks the way in English. B. She asks the way in Chinese.C. She draws a picture to ask the way.D. She doesnt ask any people.(B)A crow( 乌鸦) is sitting in a big tree. She has a big piece of meat in her mouth. My babies will have a nice breakfast, she thinks. An old fox is looking for his breakfast. He sees the crow and the meat. How can I get that piece of meat? he thinks.Good morning, Mrs Crow, says the fox, how are you?But the crow doesnt say a word.You have very nice babies, Mrs Crow, says the fox, how are they? May I see them?Still the crow doesnt say a word.You are very beautiful, Mrs Crow. And you have a beautiful voice(嗓子),too. says the fox, Would you please sing a song for me?Mrs Crow thinks, How nice Mr Fox is! I must sing him a song. So she opens her mouth and begins to sing. At that time, the meat drops down (掉下)from her mouth.1.Theres_in the crows mouth.A. a piece of bread B. a cup of teaC. a big piece of meatD. a small piece of meat2. The old fox _very much.A. likes the crow and her babiesB. wants to eat the piece of meatC. wants the crow to sing for himD. wants to eat the crow3. The crow doesnt say a word to the fox because_A. she doesnt like foxes at allB. her babies are not wellC. she has a beautiful voiceD. she has a piece of meat in her mouth4. When she opens her mouth, the fox_A. gets the piece of meatB. eats the baby crowsC. climbs up the treeD. catches a bird from the tree5. Who has a nice breakfast?A. The crow. B. The old fox.C. The baby crows. D. The fox and his friend.七、根据提示 以My diet为题写一篇小短文。milk eggcake for b