超疏水论文固—液—气扩散法制备超疏水表面.doc

超疏水论文：固液气扩散法制备超疏水表面【中文摘要】在自然界中,许多生物表面显示出特殊表面浸润性能。所谓的超疏水表面是指水接触角大于150的表面。目前,已经报道了许多制备超疏水表面的方法,并展望了超疏水表面在自清洁、减反射增透膜、微流体等领域的潜在应用。但是,超疏水表面现有制备方法一般都工艺复杂和费用昂贵,限制了其实际应用。对此,发展简单方便的超疏水表面制备技术仍然是一项具有挑战性的研究课题。本文研究内容如下：1.综述了对自然界中超疏水现象的研究进展,以及在此基础上所发展的仿生超疏水表面的制备方法研究进展,并对超疏水表面的性质和一些潜在应用做出了归纳。2.本文以常见的普通玻璃为基底,探索了一种简单的一步制备超疏水涂层的固-液-气扩散方法。同时采用CA、TG-DSC、FT-IR、FE-SEM对制备的超疏水涂层进行表征,结果表明,制备的超疏水涂层是由无序排列的甲基硅氧烷聚合物纳米纤维构成,静态接触角测试大于160。3.本文采用二次生长法制备了Silicalite-1沸石膜,重点研究了合成过程中各种合成参数对Silicalite-1沸石膜晶貌和性能的影响。并运用XRD, TG-DSC和FE-SEM对其进行了表征,结果表明,合成的纯硅沸石膜连续、致密的,性能优异。4.在所制备的Silicalite-1沸石膜表面进行疏水化处理,其静态水接触角可以达到160,疏水性能优异。同时对超疏水涂层耐酸碱性和热稳定性进行了初步的研究。结果表明,制备的超疏水涂层具有很好的耐酸碱性和热稳定性。【英文摘要】In nature, many creatures exhibit fascinating surface wettability. A surface whose water contact angle is greater than 150is commonly called a superhydrophobic surface. In fact, various methods for the processing of such surfaces are being investigated. The research prospects about superhydrophobic surfaces can be potentially applied in self-cleaning surfaces, antireflection coatings and mico-fluidic devices ect. However, the fabrication techniques for superhydrophobic surfaces are not only complicated but also expensive, limiting their practical applications. As a consequence, it still remains a great challenge to develop simple and convenient techniques for the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces.The main research progresses of this thesis are shown as follow:1. The recent development of the studies on superhydrophobic phenomena which existed in the nature was reviewed. The current biomimetic preparation of the superhydrophobic surfaces, the properties of the superhydrophobic surfaces, and the potential applications of the superhydrophobic surfaces were reviewed too.2. In the present study, we prepared perfectly superhydrophobic coatings on the common glass substrates by a simple solid -liquid- vapor method. The superhydrophobic coatings were characterized by contact angle(CA), thermogravimetric-Differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FT-IR) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The results showed that the superhydrophobic coatings were consisted of entangled tortuous silicone nanofibers and water contact angle is greater than 160.3. In the present study, a secondary growth method for the synthesis of zeolite membrane is developed for silicalite-1 zeolite membrane synthesis. This thesis was focused on study of the influence of different factors on the morphology and property of Silicalite-1 zeolite membranes prepared by secondary growth method. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric-Differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC) and field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM) were used for characterizing these membranes. The characterization results showed that a continues and dense membrane with a high quality is formed.4. The superhydrophobic coatings were prepared on this silicalite-1 zeolite and water contact angle is greater than 160. At the same time, chemical stability toward acid and alkaline aqueous solution and thermal stability of the superhydrophobic coatings have been also investigated. The results showed that the superhydrophobic coatings were excellence about chemical stability and thermal stability.【关键词】超疏水 接触角 纳米纤维结构 纯硅沸石膜【英文关键词】Superhydrophobic Contact Angle Nanofiber Structure Silicalite-1 zeolite membrane【目录】固液气扩散法制备超疏水表面摘要4-5ABSTRACT5目录6-9第一章 绪论9-251.1 自然界中的超疏水表面9-111.2 表面浸润性的理论背景11-161.2.1 固体表面浸润性的表征方法11-131.2.2 固体表面浸润性的影响因素13-161.3 超疏水表面的制备方法16-201.3.1 异相成核法161.3.2 等离子体处理法16-171.3.3 刻蚀法171.3.4 沉积法171.3.5 模板法17-181.3.6 溶胶凝胶法181.3.7 电化学法18-191.3.8 层层组装法191.3.9 纳米颗粒法191.3.10 其他方法19-201.4 超疏水表面的应用前景20-241.4.1 透明和减反射超疏水涂层201.4.2 结构颜色20-211.4.3 流体减阻211.4.4 生物表面211.4.5 抗生物污损21-221.4.6 防腐蚀221.4.7 电池和燃料电池应用221.4.8 电子设备的防潮涂层22-231.4.9 超疏水织物231.4.10 油水分离231.4.11 微凝结23-241.5 超疏水表面研究中存在的问题及思考241.6 本文研究的目的和意义24-25第二章 实验药品、设备及表征方法25-282.1 实验药品与设备25-262.2 实验测试表征方法26-282.2.1 接触角测量(CA)262.2.2 扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)262.2.3 红外光谱仪测量(FT-IR Spectrometer)26-272.2.4 热重分析(TG-DSC)272.2.5 粉末X射线衍射分析(XRD)27-28第三章 玻璃表面超疏水涂层的制备28-393.1 引言28-293.2 实验部分29-303.2.1 玻璃表面制备超疏水涂层29-303.3 结果与讨论30-383.3.1 超疏水表面测试原理303.3.2 反应原料浓度对超疏水表面的影响30-323.3.3 反应时间对超疏水表面的影响32-333.3.4 浓盐酸体积对超疏水表面的影响33-343.3.5 MTES制备超疏水表面34-363.3.6 红外分析36-373.3.7 热重分析37-383.4 本章小结38-39第四章 纯硅沸石膜的制备与表征39-544.1 引言39-404.2 实验部分40-434.2.1 铝片表面的预处理40-414.2.2 Silicalite-1沸石小晶种的制备41-424.2.3 基底引入Silicalite-1沸石小晶种42-434.2.4 Silicalite-1沸石膜的制备434.3 结果与讨论43-534.3.1 合成时间对Silicalite-1沸石膜的影响43-454.3.2 合成温度对Silicalite-1沸石膜的影响45-474.3.3 拉膜次数对Silicalite-1沸石膜的影响47-494.3.4 合成液配比对Silicalite-1沸石膜的影响49-504.3.5 合成液搅拌时间对Silicalite-1沸石膜的影响50-524.3.6 Silicalit