高考英语一轮备考语法练习10之主谓一致.doc

中国最大的教育门户 E度高考网专题十 主谓一致主谓一致是历年高考试题中的测试重点之一。一般与其它知识综合起来考察。近几年语境综合化程度越来越高。分数、百分数、不定式、动名词、定语从句等场合下的主谓一致问题仍将会是今后高考命题的热点。主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持人称与数的一致关系。有些句子不易直接看出主语的单复数，需仔细推敲。处理主谓一致要注意语法一致，意义上一致和就近一致。高考重点要求：1. 根据主谓一致的三个原则(语法一致,意义一致，就近一致), 判断和确定句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致2. 掌握固定词组作主语,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致考生在掌握主谓一致的基本原则的同时，也要特别注意语法一致的原则，而且分数、百分数、不定式、动名词、定语从句等场合下的主谓一致问题仍将会是今后高考命题的热点。复习时需注意的要点1、 集体名词看作整体时，谓语动词用单数，看作各个成员时，谓语用复数。例如：His family isnt large. His family are all fond of music.2、 些名词如news, maths, physics等虽然有词尾“s”但意义上是单数，谓语动词要用单数。例如：The news is wonderful. Physics is an interesting subject.3、 由数词+表示重量、里程、时间、金钱等名词所构成的复数名词主语，是当作一个整体看待的，后面用单数动词。例如：Five minutes is too short. Ten dollars is enough.4、 主语后面跟有介词with或together with 引导的短语时，谓语动词一般与前面的主语的人称和数一致。例如：The teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment in the lab.5、 主语前有every或each修饰时，无论有几个主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：Every teacher and every student in our school has been to the Century Park.【精选试题】 名校模拟题及其答案1、He is the only one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for three years.A. is B. are C. have been D. has been2、Professor Smith, along with his assistants, _ on the project day and night to meet the deadline. A. workB. working C. is working D. are working3、Not only _interested in football but _beginning to show an interest in it.A. the teacher himself is all his students are B. the teacher himself is are all his students C. is the teacher himself are all his students D. is the teacher himself all his students are4、-“Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _ to go to university.”-“So do I.”A. hope B. hopes C. hoping D. hoped5、E-mail, as well as telephone, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. hoped6、Books of this kind _ well.A. sell B. sells C. are sold D. is sold7、Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.A. is used B. are used C. has been used D. have been used8、When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet.A. are not decided B. have not been decidedC. is not being decided D. has not been decided9、The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for differentreasons.A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were10、_ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two fifthisB. Two fifthare C. Two fifthsis D. Two fifthsare11 Nowadays，a large number of women，especially those who conicfromthe countryside， inthe clothing industry A is working Bworks Cwork D worked 12_ of the land in that district covered withtrees and grass. ATwo-fifth；is BTwo-fifth；are C Two-fifths；is D Two-fifths；are 13About 90 percent of the equipment presented by the administration，as well as the facilities of our own， made good use of in teaching Ahave Bhas Chave been Dhas been 14The nunther of the students who took part in the competition 500，but only a small number of them chosen。 A was；were B were；was Cwere；were Dw；was 15A large of money is spent on the Hope Project and a good inany schools setp A amount：has been B amount：have been Cnumber；has been D deal；have been 16Large quantities ofinformafion，as well as methnely help， since the organization was built A has offered Bhad been omred Chave been offered Dis offered17 your brother or you to blame for the broken TV set? ABe BAre C Is D Were18. changed，and whatever men can do，woltllen call do，too A Age had B Ages have CTimes have D Time has 19.To play table tennis and to go swimming good for character training A is Bare C was D were 20She is the only one of the students who a winner of the match A1s B are Chave been Dhad been21 More than one high official by the police since the mayor war shot dead. Ahas been questioned B have been questioned C was questioned Dwere questioned22Half of the food in the bag badYoud better throw it away A has Bhave C are D ls23What we want good textbooks. A have Bhas C is D are24He no less than I eager goto the Great Wall. A am B iS Care Dwere25The construction of the two new railway lines by now. A has been completed B have been completed C has completed Dhave completed26The famous writer as well as his wife and daughter said to our party，but so far they A are；have attended；dont turn up Bis；have attended；havent turnedp Cis；attend；havent turned up D are；attend；dont turn up27Today Chinese by more and more people around the world Awas spoken B speak Cspoke D is spoken 28 What you said quite to the point but what we need experienced technical workers A is；ale B is；is Care；are Dare；is 29Internet，as well as newspapers and magazines， an inportant part in our daily life A have played Bare playing C is playing Dhas been played 30一Cydia，what did you hear our teacher said just now? 一Every boy and every girl as well as the teacher who to lead the group asked to be at the school gate before 6：30 in the morning Ais；is B are；ate Care；is D is；are答案与解析1、【解析】答案为D。 这是一个定语从句。在one前是否有定冠词决定定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式：one of the students中的先行词是the students，定语从句中的谓语动词要用复数形式。the only one of the students中的先行词是the only one，定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。又因“for three years”是完成时的标志。2、【解析】答案：CProfessor Smith决定谓语动词的数；his assistants和谓语动词的数无关。3、【解析】答案为D not only but (also )连结两个句子，用部分倒装。4、【解析】 答案为B。“each of +名词复数”谓语用单数。5、【解析】 本题考察主谓一致，当主语后面跟有as well as短语时，其后的谓语动词不受as well as之后的名词影响，仍然和主语在人称和数上保持一致。6、【解析】答案为A。 “kind(s) of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数依kind 单复数而定；“复数名词 + of this/that kind ”作主语时，谓语动词的数依of 前面的名词而定。本题中sell 用作不及物动词表示“销售”。7、【解析】答案为C。 mean单数复数一个形式。在本题中代表单数。8、【解析】答案为D。 不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数。9、【解析】答案为C。“the number of” 表示“的数量”，谓语用单数；“a number of”表示“许多”，谓语用复数。10、【解析】 答案为C。考察数词和主谓一致。分数词在句中作主语时，谓语动词必须跟分数词所修饰的名词保持数的一致。11C。【解析】句子的主语是a large number of women，谓语动词应用复数形式。其中speciallythose who conicfromthe countryside是插入成分，作womell的同位语。因此正确答案是C。12C。【解析】第一空考查分数的构成，当分子大于l时，分母应用复数形式。又因主语Two-fifths the land中land是不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。所以答案选C。13 D。【解析】本句的主语是About 90 percent of the equipment，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。又因为谓语动词和主语之间是动宾关系，所要用被动语态。14 A。【解析】The nunther of +可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；a nunther of可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，所吼答案选A。15B。【解析】money是不可数名词，应用A large amount of修饰；谓语动词用复数形式。16 C。【解析】解答本韪时应注意as well as连接两个名词词组作主语时主谓一致的问题。large quantities of十名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；再结合语境可知，此处应该用现在完成时。17C。【解析】考查主谓一致的就近原则。因为离谓语动词最近的是your brother，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。18C。【解析】time在本句中意为时代，是可数名词，通常用复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式。19B。【解析】此处两个动词不定式短语作主语，表示的不是同一个概念，谓语动词要用复数形式，且句中没有明显的表示过去的时间状语，故要用一般现在时。20A【解析】句中关系代词who指代的是only one of，所以从句的谓语动词应用单数形式。2l A。【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。more than one+单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，又由since引导的从句的时态可知主句时态应为现在完成时。故答案选A。22 D。【解析】分析句子结