unit4语法定语从句一.doc

Unit4 Grammar The attributive clause（定语从句）找出文中的定语从句并翻译：1_2 _3 _4 _5 _6_ 一、什么是定语定语是对名词或者代词进行修饰或者限定的成分,定语一般可以翻译成“.的”Do you like your English teacher who is fat and short?A plane is a machine that can fly.The people who live on the plain welcomed us warmly. 二、定语可以由什么充当。the green team _ a girl in red _a book written by Luxun _ the girl sitting next to me _the work to be done _ a secret (which you cant tell others)a lady （who sat next to a black man） 当定语由句子充当时就是定语从句三、定语从句的三大要素1. 先行词 2.关系词（关系代词、关系副词） 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词有 when, where, why 3. 定语从句 四、判断下列复合句中的从句是否为定语从句。1. The man that helped you is Mr. White.2. Our teachers and parents hoped that we can enter a good university after graduating from Huairen high school three years later.3. This is the school bag which my mother bought me yesterday.4. The one who cleans the blackboard should be praised.5. China is no longer what it used to be.6. I dont know the boy whom you gave the book to just now五、关系词的三大功能1. 引导定语从句（两个简单句之间要有引导词）2. 在从句中替代先行词（从句中不能再出现先行词或代替先行词的代词）判断下列两组定语从句的正误 The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school. The student whom we saw him just now is the best runner in our school. The trees which are behind the office building have lost their leaves. The trees which they are behind the office building have lost their leaves3. 在定语从句中充当一定的成分六、关系代词的用法1. 在定语从句中，当先行词为物时，关系代词可以用that 或which, 在从句中可以做主语或宾语，其中做宾语时可以被省略。The earthquake which/that happened in 1906 was the biggest in American history. The train which/that has just left is for Shanghai. He likes the birthday presents that/which/ his friends gave him. Ill tell you the things that/which/ I have heard练练吧： The paintings _ David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room. This is the book _ I bought yesterday. This is the factory _ produces famous bikes. We all hope to enter a university _ is beautiful and famous.2. 在定语从句中，当先行词为人时， 关系代词可以用that, who, whom, 其中that 和who 在从句中可以做主语或者宾语，whom 只能做宾语，做宾语时，这三个关系代词都可以被省略掉。 Im going to see a friend who/that has just come back from the UK. She is the teacher who/that taught us English Literature. The student whom/who/that we saw at the school gate is from America. I dont know the man whom/who/that my mother is talking to.练练吧： Do you know the student _ left a moment ago? Most of the students _ he taught have become his friends. A football fan is a person _ has a strong interest in football. The students _ have finished your homework put up your hands.3. whose 在定语从句中表示一种所属关系，可翻译为“的”，既可以指人，也可以指物，相当于of which/whom. 在定语从句中做定语。 (1)The room whose window faces south is mine. (2).I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane.= I sat nest to a girl the name of whom was Diane.(3)The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon.= The club the members of which are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon.练练吧： A person _ email account（邮箱）is full wont be able to send or receive any emails. His parents wouldnt let him marry the girl _ family was poor. The book _ cover is green is mine. Weihua attended a school in the UK _school hours are quite different from the school hours in China.但注意这样的干扰 : This is a very old desk and _ leg is broken. A which B that C whose D its I met Mr zhang last Sunday when _ hair was long and dirty. A whose B who C his D that Moyan, _a great writer of china, Won the Nobel Prize for Literature . A who B that C whom D whose七、五个关系代词的用法小结关系代词指人/指物在从句中的成分可否省略that whichwhowhomwhose其中that与 which ，that 与who其他的用法区别详见本单元学案 八、定语从句谓语动词的单复数应该和先行词保持一致。1. I, who _ (be) your friend, will try my best to help you.2. Li Ying is one of the girls in the village _ to college. A. who goes B. who go C. who went D. who had gone3. Li Ying is the only one of the girls in the village _ to college. A. who goes B. who go C. who went D. who had gone九、巩固练习：一、 填空（尽量把能用的关系代词都用上，如果关系词做宾语则用括号括起来）1. My brother _ you met last month has gone abroad.2. Those _ not only learn from books but also through practice will succeed.3. You have many people around you _ are kind to you.4. That is the man _ house has burned down.5. He has written a book _ name I have forgotten.6. The book is the only one _ I want to read.7. This is the best factory _ produces famous bikes.8. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.9. He talked about the classmates and school _ he had visited.10. All _ needs to be done has been done.11. He is always the first students _ arrives at the classroom.12. The only thing _ could be done is to find our way home.13. Who is the boy _ is playing basketball there?14. Which is the correct answer _ can be chosen?15. You have seen the girl _ sister is a teacher.二，翻译下列句子16. Here is the pen _(你昨天丢的).17. The girl _(告诉我消息的) is not here now.18. The man _(在这间屋子工作的) is a chemist.19. The student _ (他的妈妈是教历史的) is named ZhangLi.三，单项选择1.The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. / 2.The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. which B. that C. / D. it3.The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C. that D. all 4.Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday. A. which B. whom C. whose D. this 5.The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door 6.Those _ made no mistakes in todays exercises please raise your hands.A. which B. whom C. that D. who 7.He is the most careful boy _ I know. A. what B. which C. as D. ./8.October 1, 1949 is the day _ well never forget.A. when B. that C. where D. in which20. Is this museum _ they visited last month?A. that B. which C. where D. the one9. He talked about the men and books _ interested him greatly in the school. A. that B. when C. who D. which10. Ive read all the books _ our teacher requires us to read. A. which B. that C