2012高考英语阅读理解题库系列(含详解).doc

高考英语2012精选备考题库系列（含详解）阅读理解（四）备战2012高考，精选阅读200篇，适合高三上学期使用，希望对大家有帮助。（2011年8月）网www.%k$#Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception(观察力) of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.Next, both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded by gray circles. Heres where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they werent fooledthey were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before. Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it wrong most of the time.As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context. In other words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As a result, theyre more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.1. Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate_.A. childrens and adults eye-sightB. peoples ability to see accuratelyC. childrens and adults brainsD. the influence of peoples age解析考查细节理解能力。第二段第二行可以得出结论。答案B2. When asked to find the larger circle，_.A. children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no gray ones aroundB. only adults over 18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones aroundC. children at 4 got it right about 79 % of the time with gray ones aroundD. adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around解析考查细节理解能力。第三段清晰地说明了辨别圆圈的比例。答案C3. According to the passage, we can know that_.A. a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white backgroundB. an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same sizeC. a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real sizeD. a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size解析考查细节理解能力，对第四段整体的理解和第五段最后一句可以得出答案。答案D4. Visual context may work when children get older than_.A. 4 B. 6C. 10 D. 18解析考查推理判断能力。从第五段和第六段第一句判断得出答案。答案B5. Why are younger children not fooled?A. Because they are smarter than older children and adults.B. Because older people are influenced by their experience.C. Because peoples eyes become weaker as they grow older.D. Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.解析考查推理判断能力。第四、五、六段提及到46岁小孩和6岁以上小孩的区别是判断的依据。答案DBill Fulton doesn t remember losing his wallet, but its return helped him remember the past. The leather stayed smooth and the cowboy design unblemished (完美无缺的). And when he looked inside, the contents brought back memories from 1946, when he apparently dropped the wallet behind the balcony bleachers (露天看台) in the Baker Middle School gym.Fulton s Social Security Card and bicycle license, bearing the address where he lived during his teenage years, were positioned in their respective compartments, apparently untouched since the year after World War Il ended.Worker Nathan Osborne found the wallet along with old homework, lost library books and a 1964 talent show program while removing the bleachers for renovations on June 17. It was brought to Fulton s door the following day by Melanie Trindle, the Baker Middle School secretary.Middle School Principal Mindi Vaughan said the brown pine bleachers were connected to the gym balcony s brick wall and had remained in the same place since the school, known as the Helen M. Stack Building, opened in 1936.Fulton, 78, said he probably lost the wallet while cheering for the Baker High basketball team with a group of friends. Fulton said the bicycle ID was needed because he delivered medicine for Rodamar Drug.He was surprised, however, that his bicycle ID wasnt inside. He said he always kept it there.But rather than focus on what was inside the wallet, Fulton said the recovery has led him to reflect on his life one that took him to the Korean War and Berlin before the return to Baker City. He worked at Ellingson Lumber Company for 30 years, from March 1964 to April 1994.Since his retirement, Fulton has enjoyed spending time with his 11yearold black dog, Smokey. The two often hike the nearby mountains.Trindle s knock on the door, wallet in hand, induced a slight ripple in his life, prompting him to consider the times he hadnt thought about in many years. “Where did all the times go？” Fulton said with a deep sigh. “It s hard to believe that the times have gone so fast.”语篇解读本文是记叙文。一个丢失了几十年的钱包居然被找到，而且还给了失主。钱包勾起了失主对过去岁月的回忆。1When the wallet was found, it_.A. was still in good conditionB. was a little damagedC. had just lost colorD. was just repaired解析细节理解题。从文章第一段第二句可知，钱包的皮还很光滑，上面的图案也保持完好，因此A项正确。答案A2The wallet was important to Fulton because _.A. he could get his bicycle ID backB. it called up his memories of the pastC. it could help him to find his student IDD. it made him think of his school days解析推理判断题。综合全文尤其是第一段和最后一段的信息可知，钱包勾起了Fulton对往昔岁月的回忆。答案B3Fulton lost the wallet when_.A. he was doing his homework on the balcony bleachersB. he was doing some exercise in the Baker Middle School gymC. he was removing the bleachers for renovations on June 17D. he was watching a basketball match with his friends解析细节理解题。从文章第五段可知，Fulton和朋友们在一起看篮球赛，在为一支篮球队助威时他丢失了钱包。答案D4After he retired, Fulton_.A. lived a peaceful and pleasant lifeB. often regretted losing his walletC. lived a hard life by raising dogs in the mountainsD. quite missed his past life解析推理判断题。分析文章倒数第二段可知，Fulton退休以后经常牵着狗到山里散步，可见生活非常惬意。答案A5Which of the following best describes Fulton s feeling when the wallet was returned?A. Thankful.B. Overjoyed.C. Surprised. D. Doubtful.解析推理判断题。文章虽然没有明确说明Fulton接到钱包时的反应，但丢了那么多年的钱包失而复得，他应该感到吃惊。答案C长难句解读And when he looked inside，the contents brought back memories from 1946，when he apparently dropped the wallet behind the balcony bleachers(露天看台)in the Baker Middle School gym.语意：当他看钱包里面时，里面的东西把他的记忆带回到了1946年，当时他显然是把钱包丢在了贝克中学体育场的露天看台上。本句是一个复合句。第一个when引导时间状语从句，第二个when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰1946。Pop stars today enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty (皇室). Wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands to greet them. The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols. The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven RollsRoyces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes. They are surrounded by a permanent entourage(随从) of managers, press agents and bodyguards. Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported，for, like royalty, pop stars are news. If they enjoy many of the privileges of royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well. It is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public.They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds who idolize them. They are no longer private individuals, but public property. The financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are great.And why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly. The great days of Hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation (奉承) on an alltime scale. By today s standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite so spectacular. A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did. The competition for the title “Top of the Pops” is fierce, but the rewards are truly huge.It is only right that the stars should be paid in this way. Dont the top men in industry earn enormous salaries for the service they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency often more than large industrial companies and the taxman can only be grateful for their massive annual contributions to the exchequer(国库). So who would begrudge them their rewards?It s all very well for people in boring jobs to complain about the successes and rewards of others. People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg. For every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living. A man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards. He has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn. But a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormous risks. He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top. He knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure.But he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the payback for the huge risks involved and once he makes it, he will certainly earn them. That s the essence of private enterprise.语篇解读明星的生活总是令人羡慕不已。他们的生活中有光鲜的一面：不菲的收入，以豪华汽车和私人飞机代步，一言一行都成为人们关注的焦点然而，我们也应看到，他们活得很累，他们为成功所付出的艰辛和代价是一般人难以想象的。1The author develops the passage mainly by _.A. comparing different ideasB. giving explanationsC. inferringD. listing typical examples解析篇章结构题。本文主要通过解释向读者阐明道理。答案B2The underlined word “begrudge” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _.A. be jealous of B. be satisfied withC. be anxious about D. be crazy about解析词义猜测题。结合上下文的语境判断本句意为：谁会对他们所得到的感到妒忌、不满呢？接下来作者讲了一般人从事枯燥但稳定的工作，所以这里意思是：从事稳定工作的人会妒忌这些明星。答案A3According to the passage, which of the following can match the view of the author?A. He who laughs last laughs best.B. If you venture nothing, you will gain nothing.C. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.D. Success belongs to the persevering.解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，想成为明星就要冒更大的风险，然而一旦成功，回报也是丰厚的，那些选择了稳定工作的人是没有权利期待高额回报的。“If you venture nothing，you will gain nothing.”意为：不入虎穴，焉得虎子，即要成功就要冒险。答案B4The author holds a(n) _attitude towards the high income of pop stars.A. critical B. approvalC. optimistic D. indifferent解析推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者认为明星们理应得到高收入，因为他们为此付出了高昂的代价。答案B5Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. People are blind in idolizing stars.B. There is fierce competition in becoming pop stars.C. The government taxes pop stars very little.D. Pop stars life is more luxurious than that of royalty.解析细节判断题。根据文章最后一段的“He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top.”以及第二段的最后一句可知答案。答案BDo American children still learn handwriting in school? In the age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out. 90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting.But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. Some teachers are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for 10 15 minutes a day, and then other teachers who basically teach it for 60 to 70 minutes a day which really for handwriting is pretty much.Many adults remember learning that way by copying letters over and over again. Today s thinking is that short periods of practice are better. Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught by itself.Instead, they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. After all, that is why we write.Handwriting involves two skills. One is legibility,_which means forming the letters so they can be read. The other is fluency writing without having to think about it. Fluency continues to develop up until high school.But not everyone masters these skills. Teachers commonly report that about onefourth of their kids have poor handwriting. Some people might think handwriting is not important any more because of computers and voice recognition programs.But Steve Graham at Vanderbilt says word processing is rarely done in elementary school, especially in the early years. American children traditionally first learn to print, and then to write in cursive, which connects the letters. But guess what we learned from a spokeswoman for the College Board, which administers the SAT college admission test. More than 75 percent of students choose to print their essay on the test rather than write in cursive.语篇解读文章介绍了在键盘普及的年代美国的书法教学情况。1We can learn _ from Paragraph 1.A. teaching handwriting is a basic requirement in teaching jobB. most teachers prefer to teach handwritingC. teachers spend little time in teaching handwritingD. a keyboard has taken the place of the handwriting entirely解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting”可知书法教学是基本的教学要求，A项为正确推论。根据“One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting”可知，很多老师不愿意教书法课，B项错误；根据第一段末句可知C项错误；根据全段判断，只是说键盘普及使一些人认为书法渐渐过时了，D项错误。答案A2Which of the following is WRONG for traditional handwriting in the USA?A. The students are taught by practicing a long period.B. The letters are repeated many times.C. Handwriting includes two skills.D. To write in cursive is taught first.解析细节认定题。根据第二段可知，传统的书法教学重复很多遍并且持续时间长，因此A、B两项内容正确。根据第三段第一句可知C项内容正确；根据最后一段第二句可知D项内容错误。答案D3The underlined word “legibility” in Paragraph 3 means _.A. easy to read B. complexC. unexpected D. unreadable解析推测词义题。根据下文“which means forming the letters so they can be read”可推测画线词的意思是“清楚，易读”。答案A4The best title for the passage is _.A. How to improve handwriting in schoolB. Right or wrong: the death of handwritingC. Handwriting involves two skillsD. Handwriting lessons are on the way out解析标题归纳题。作者对美国书法教学的现状作了叙述，没有自己的主观评论，故选择B。A项没有涉及，C项只是其中一部分内容，D项只是一部分人的观点。答案B5The author s attitude towards whether still to learn handwriting in school is_.A. negative B. objectiveC. critical D. optimistic解析态度判断题。根据全文的叙述，作者只是将美国书法教学的现状和不同人的观点呈现出来，并没有发表自己的见解，因此作者持客观的态度。答案B长难句解读One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting.今年公布的一项研究发现，大约每四个教师中就有三个说他们不准备教书法了。published this year为过去分词短语作后置定语，found后面为宾语从句，其中又含有一个宾语从句they are not prepared to teach handwriting。You know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy? For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Dont let jealousy spoil your relationships. Tackle it headon and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship youll have to do just that. Dont approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited), just take some time alone with them and let them know that youve been feeling like theres been something coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.When you figure out what is annoying your friend, ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better. If, for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesnt get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from tee swim team then maybe you could invite her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remember, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise. Dont limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.Even the best of friendships can be tinged by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise.If you cant, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friendand how far you wont.解读：本文是关于人际关系的话题。尤其是青少年朋友之间会因为嫉妒而使相互间的友谊被破坏，本文着重讲述如何处理被朋友嫉妒及处理过程中可能遇到的困难。1. According to the author, the jealousy emotion is_.A. normal B. productiveC. destructive D. extreme解析细节理解题，由第一段第二句.that this jealousy is