汉语以行为动词做谓语改为be.doc

汉语以行为动词做谓语改为be+其他成分即从主谓宾句型转为主系表结构不及物动词Be副词（指与介词同形的副词）作谓语 本书奉行的是be动词后面的成分一律称为“表语”，而这里的谓语，是应该从汉语的谓语去理解。后面的两点与此相同。 例1：When the eruption was over, Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of volcanic rock and ash. 当火山爆发结束之后，旁培就被20英寸的火山岩石和灰尘淹没了。例2：When I walked into my office, the boss was up in arms. 当我走进办公室的时候，老板双手交叉站在那里。 例3：I called on him; but he wasnt in. 我去拜访他，但他不在家。 例4：Spring is in at last. 春天终于来了。 例5：The light was on the whole night. 灯是开了一夜。例6：Visits are down at least 40%. 参观次数起码少了40%。Be形容词/名词/分词作谓语 例1：We are all ears in class. 我们上课时都认真听讲。 例2：Is she alive? 她还活着吗？例3：China is determined to catch up the other advanced countries in the world. 中国下决心赶上世界上其他先进国家。Be介词词组作谓语be on the anxious seat坐立不安be on the fence犹豫未决be at a loss茫然不知及物动词Be介词或介词词组作谓语英语能够带宾语的除了单个动词和词组外，介词也需要带宾语。我们通常把“介词和后面的宾语”统称为“介词词组”。其实对于“介词词组”应该从两个方面去认识：（1）非固定词组，即介词可以根据不同的意义更换，例如：on the desk在桌子上，也可以换成in the desk在桌子里；（2）固定词组，即约定俗成的成语，例如：in high spirits情绪高涨，at fault感到困惑。由于介词或介词词组不可以作谓语，所以必须借用be动词。反过来说，“be介词或介词词组”可以表达汉语的及物动作意义。 非固定词组 例1：On the last of one voyage, the ship was in a small port. 航行的最后一天，船停在一个小港口。 例2：Half if the participants were for the decision; half were against it. 与会者一半人赞同这个决定，一半人反对这个决定例3：At last, the train was over the top of the hill. 最后，火车终于爬过了山。例4：I was at the hotel by six oclock every morning to help with breakfast.我每天早上六点到达饭店，把客人的早餐准备好。例5：I had never been in a mens room before, and I was always terrified of someone walking in while I was on my knees（固定介词词组）scrubbing the floors and toilets. 我以前从来都没有去过男厕所，所以当我跪在地上擦地板和盥洗间的时候，如果有人进来，我总是很害怕。 固定介词词组例1：He is on drugs. 他吸毒。例2：The first of the new computers may be on sale in the new year. 首批新电脑可能于明年上市销售。例3：I am not in a mood for going to the Party. 我不想参加宴会。 Be形容词介词/不定式作谓语 be short for 短缺 be jealous of 妒嫉 be rich in 含有丰富的 be apprehensive for 对担心 be avid of 渴望 be profuse in 挥霍 be fond of 喜欢 be repentant of 后悔 be keen on 喜欢 be apt for 适合 be strict with 严格要求 be chary of 谨慎 be sure of 对肯定 be good at 擅长 be ignorant of 不知道 be sick with 患.病 be ready to (do) 准备去做 be willing to (do) 愿意去做 be reluctant to (do) 不愿意去做 be prone to (do) 易于 实例 例1：He is alive to the dangers of the work. 他深知那个工作的危险性。例2：One should not be blind to his own defects. 一个人不应该无视自己的缺点。例3：He is favorable to our proposal. 他赞成我们的建议。例4：Many cyclists believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road. 许多骑自行车的人承认他们没有遵守道路的基本规则。例5：The second blend is reminiscent of the kind of word that President Bush actually does utter when hes not mindful of his speech. 第二个混合词使人想起布什在一不留神真的会说出来的那类词。 例6：The United States Patent Office, an agency of the Department of Commerce in Washington, is responsible for administrating the patent laws. 美国专利局是商业部的一个机构，坐落在华盛顿，负责管理专利法的。 Be过去分词介词或不定式be lost in 全神贯注于 be possessed of 占有, 拥有be involved with 涉及 be addicted to 迷恋be infected with沾染上 be composed of 由组成be attached to 附加于 be freed from/of摆脱be exposed to 暴露于 be faced with 面对be obliged to 感激 be occupied with忙于be confronted with 面临着 be divorced from 与离婚be entitled to 享有权力 be astonished at 对感到惊讶be filled with 充满着 be obliged to 感谢be qualified for 能胜任 be restricted to 限制于be based on根据 be concerned about/for/in 关心、be pressed for缺少 be protected against 预防be employed in 从事 be delivered of 生（孩子）be tired of 厌烦 be scared of 害怕 be inclined to (do) 易于（做） be determined to (do) 决心（做）实例 例1： The front of the house was faced with concrete. 房屋正面涂着一层混凝土。例2：They are engaged in the supply of small parts for replacement. 他们从事提供备用小零件的工作。 例3： As a result, Wilt became determined to win one more championship before he retired. 结果，Wilt决心在他退休之前再赢得一次冠军。注：“形容词/过去分词介词”同“不及物动词介词”一样，如果宾语是从句，则必须把介词省略。这样，事实上造成形容词带宾语的现象。这种常用词有：afraid, aware, certain, confident, conscious, convinced, sure, satisfied。例1：Those of us who do know English food are aware that at its best it can be really very good. 那些对英国餐饮不了解的人知道，做好的话，还是好吃的。（be aware of） 例2：But experts were unsure how the butterflies change their direction as the sun moves in the sky. 但是，专家们不能确定蝴蝶在空中是如何随着太阳移动而改变方向的。（be sure of） 例3：Pessimists were certain that it would occur again within five years. （be certain about） 悲观主义者坚信，这种事故在未来的5年内还会发生。 例4：The wounded soldier was afraid that he was not going to recover again. （be afraid of） 这个受伤的士兵预感到他的身体不会再好了。 例5：Experts are also worried that dopin