高考英语常见常用常考短语归纳总结.doc

最常见和实用的短语1 break-phrases break away from 脱离，摆脱，破除(陈规俗套等) break down (计划、谈判等)失败；(车，机器)坏了，抛锚，出故障；(身体)垮了；分解break in 强行进入，打断(说话)，插嘴说 break into 破门而入，打进，闯进；(使)成为碎片 break off 打断，折断，中断，突然停止 break ones promise 违背诺言 break out (战争、火灾、疾病)爆火，突然发生；逃脱 break out of (从囚禁处)跑出，摆脱 break the law 违反纪律，犯法 break through 冲破，突破，冲垮；穿越 break up 拆散，驱散；分解，打碎，散会，放假 break the record打破纪录 break the rule不遵守规则 break into pieces成为碎片 break ones word失信break the ice打破沉默 break the hard ice 打破坚冰break a connection断绝联系 break faith背信，背弃信仰 tea break(供雇员、进点心的)工间休息,吃茶点的时间break the bad news to sb 把坏消息委婉的告诉某人break out 爆发have a break 休息一会儿break ones leg 弄折了腿break the habit of doing sth 改掉做某事儿的习惯heart breaking=heartbreaking 令人心碎的I am heartbroken.= My heart is broken.我都心碎了。2. call-phrases call at (sp) 访问(某地) call for 去接(某人)，需要，要求 call for help 呼救 call in a doctor请医生来 call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人干某事 call on/upon 拜访，号召 call out 大声叫喊，调来 call up 打电话，召集，想起 （She still can call up the scenes of childhood.她仍然能想起孩提时代的情景。）call/draw ones attention to 引起某人注意 call forth唤起，引起,振作起，鼓起 call off放弃，取消 call for邀请,要求,需求 give sb. a call给打电话 make a call打电话 call the police报警 call the roll点名 call back .叫回来,收回,打回电 call in召集,召来,来访 call it a day今天就到此结束,就干到这里为止,收工 a phone call电话 long-distance call长距离通话 call sb names 谩骂某人call black white 颠倒黑白nature call 大小便call me a taxi 替我叫一辆出租车3. come-phrases come about 发生，产生，实现 come across 遇见，(偶然)碰到 come along 一起来；过来；快点 come at 向扑来，袭击 come back 回来，恢复；反驳；再度流行 come back to life/oneself 复活，苏醒过来 come back to ones mind 回忆起某事 come down 下来，下降，下落，塌陷，跌落 come from 来自 come in 进来，开始流行，到达，涨潮，获名次 (He came in first in the contest.他竞赛获得第一。)come into being 形成，出现，产生，存在 come into effect/force 生效 come into power/office 上台，就职 come into use 使用起来，开始使用 come on 快来，跟上；进行，进步(成长降临；加油 come out 出版，(花)开、出来；结果是；褪色，消失 come over 过来，顺便来访 come to 苏醒；来到，达到；结果是，共计；得出(结论)，作出(决定) come to know 终于认识到 come to school 上学 come true 实现 come up 走近；(从土中)长出，发芽；被提出 come off实现，成功，奏效 (The operation came off.手术成功。)come to life显得逼真，苏醒 come across被理解， 遇见 come from出生于，来自 come to an end结束 come to know知道 come to the point说到要点，扼要地说 come up with赶上,提出 in the years to come在即将来临的几年里 come out of从出来 come to oneself苏醒；恢复知觉 come back home回家 come into existence 产生，成立 come for来接人;来取物 come into use开始被使用 come to ones mind忽然想起 come to ones help来帮某人的忙 come for ones help求某人帮助 come to terms with sb.和.达成协议 come into collision with和.相撞 / 冲突 / 抵触 come alive活跃起来,逼真,栩栩如生 come after跟在后面；跟踪 come down下来,倒塌,没落,病倒,捐钱,流传下来,垂下 come to light暴露 被发现,众所周知 East come, easy go.来也匆匆去也匆匆。来得容易，去的也快。easy money 容易赚到的钱as easy as ABC 非常容易come of a family 出身于什么样的家庭4. do-phrases do a favour for sb. = do sb a favour帮某人一个忙 do a good deed 做好事 do away with 去掉，废除 do good to 对有益 do harm to 对有害 do ones best 尽力 do ones homework/lessons 做家庭作业/功课 do up 头发向上梳挽，收拾，整理(Do up your bottons/shoes/hair. 把扣子系好。把鞋带系好。把头发梳好。) do well in 在方面做得好，处理得当 do with 处理，处置 do without 没有也行 do wrong to sb. 冤枉某人 do morning exercises做早操 do ones homework做作业 do some shopping买东西 do with处置, 处理 do without没有 也行 (Man can not do without water.人类离不开水。)had better do最好做 happen to do碰巧做 make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 be able to do sth.能够做 be glad to do sth.很高兴做 do some shopping (cooking reading cleaning,washing)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除，洗衣服) do washing-up洗碗碟do eye exercises做眼保健操 help sb. with sth. =help sb. do sth.在方面帮助 帮助做 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事be anxious to do sth.急于做某事 help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 be ready to do sth. .淮备做某事 begin to do sth.开始做某事 ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 promise sb. to do sth.答应某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth鼓励某人做某事press sb. to do sth 催某人做某事urge sb. to do sth 敦促某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事inspire sb. to do sth 激励某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事 tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事 tell sb. how to do sth.告诉某人怎样做某事 go to a place to do sth.去某个地方做某事 see sb. do sth.看见某人做某莫事 hear sb. do sth.听到某人做某事 do a good thing (deed)做一件好事 not know what to do不知道该做什么 It takes sb. sometime to do sth.某人做某事花.的时间 be used for doing=be used to do sth.被用于做某事 be supposed to do sth.被期望或被要求做. . be better at = do better in在.方面做得更好 be surprised to do sth.对做某事感到惊讶 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事the first .to do sth.做某事的第一个人 allow sb. to do /not to do sth.允许某人做/不做某事 be allowed to do /not to do sth.不允许某人做某事 take care (not) to do sth.小心(不要)做某事 would do.rather than do宁愿.不愿做 Lets do sth.让我们做.吧 need to do sth.需要做某事 start to do sth./doing sth.开始做某事 choose to do sth.选择做某事 take turns to do轮流做 be happy to do很高兴做某事 be sure to do sth.一定会做某事 be terrified to do sth. 害怕做某事 bother sb. to do sth.劳烦某人做某事 do a survey of做某方面的调查 do better in 在.方面做得更好 Dont forget to do sth.不要忘了做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 hate to do讨厌做某事 have sth. to do有什么事要做 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫不决做某事、不愿意做某事have to do sth.必须做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 how do you like = what do you think of你对什么的看法 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 Its a good idea for sb. to do sth.对. 来说是个好主意 learn to do sth. 学做某事 make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做也不愿 prefer sb. to do sth. 更愿意 pretend to do sth. 装着去做什么 pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事pretend to have done sth.假装已经做过某事remid sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事 the way to do sth. the way of doing sth.做某方面的方法 the approach to doing sth 做某事的途径wait for sb. to do sth. 等某人做什么 watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事 do great damage to对.造成巨大损害 do the deed 付诸行动，生效 be determined to do sth.决心做某事 make efforts to do sth. 努力做某事 carry / do / make an experiment做实验 . fail to do sth. 未能做某事have nothing to do with与.无关 be ready to do 乐意干某事 be willing to do sth.乐意做某事 be certain to do sth一定做. be bound to do sth 注定做某事do a good job好好干;干得好 do ones duty尽职，尽本分 do ones hair(女子)做头发 do sb. wrong冤枉(委屈)某人 do up ones hair(女子)梳理头发 do wrong做错;作恶，犯罪 go on to do接着（一件事已做完，再去做另一件事） go on doing sth. 继续做某事（同一件事儿）only to do不料（却）.，结果（却）. （不定式做结果状语，表示出人预料的结果）regret to do遗憾地做某事 set out to do sth开始做某事 get down to sth/doing sth 开始着手做某事be dying to do sth.极想做某事 have the freedom to do .有做.的自由 do well 做得好,进展好 do ones bit尽自己的一份力量 do work起作用,奏效 do the dishes洗碗碟 = do the washing up5. get-phrases get along with 进展get away (from) 逃走，避免，摆脱，离开 get back 回来，取回，收回，恢复，还原 get down 降下；下来；取下；吞下；使沮丧 get down on ones knees 跪下 get down to (doing) sth. 开始干某事 get hold of 抓住 get in 收割，陷入，研究；进站；收(税、帐等) (get in the clothes把晾着的衣服收进来)get in a word 插话 get in ones way 挡路 get in touch with 与联系 get into 进入，陷于 get off 下(车、船、飞机等)，脱下，离开，(飞机)起飞 get on 上(车、船、飞机等)，穿上 get out 出动，离开，拔出 get out of 由出来，避免，摆脱 get over 越过，爬过，克服(困难)，痊愈 get ready for 为作准备 get rid of 去掉，消灭，摆脱 get round (消息)传开 get through 通过，完成，到达，(电话)接通；get through to sb/sp 打通某人/什么地方的电话get to 到达 get to know 认识 get together 聚集，联欢 get up 起床，站起来，爬上；(风、浪等)增强 get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(干)某事 get warmer 变得更暖和 get across解释清楚，使人了解 get away逃脱，离开 get around/round走动，旅行, (消息) 传开 get in the way挡道 get on well with与 相处融洽 get ready for为作准备 get tired of对感到厌倦 get everything ready把一切都准备好 get ready for (=be ready for)为作好准备 get close to接近 get dark天黑 get the news得到消息 get to the station到达车站 get two more points又得了两分 get a letter from my friend收到我的朋友一封信 get injured受伤 get mad/annoyed变得生气 get sb. into trouble 给某人麻烦 get into the habit of 养成.的习惯 catch / take / get hold of 握住；抓住 get a gold medal获得金牌 get in a word插话 get into trouble出事，遇到麻烦 get married结婚,完婚 get dressed穿好衣服,穿衣,打扮 、get changed 换好衣服get started开始,起动;受到惊吓 get it了解, 懂得 get stuck卡住,粘住 get worse转坏 6. give-phrases give a concert 举办音乐会 give a talk 讲演，作报告 give advice on 提供有关的建议 give away 放弃，背弃，出卖(朋友)，赠送，泄漏 give back 归还；送回；恢复；折回，反射give in 屈服，让步，投降 give lessons to sb. 给某人上课 give off 散发出(蒸气、气味等)，排放 give ones life for 为而献身 give out 发出(光、声音等)，分发，发表，公布，用完，耗尽，筋疲力尽 give up 戒掉，放弃，让出，献出，投降，中止 give way让路，让步 ，桥梁垮塌give way to 向。让步give rise to引起，使发生 give sb. a hand助某人一臂之力 give sb. a call给打电话 give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会) give lessons to给上课 give sb. a chance给一次机会 give no answer没有回答 give sb. a clap为.鼓掌 give a concert举办音乐会 give an opinion on对.发表意见 give oneself away泄露，露马脚 give oneself up自首，投降，投案 give birth to使诞生；生(孩子) 7. look-phrases look (a)round 环视 look after 照顾，看管 look ahead 向前看，为未来打算 look at 看着，观看；look away (from) (从)移开视线 look back 回头看，回顾，回想 look behind 向后看 look down at俯视 look down on/upon 轻视，看不起 look for 寻找；期待；预料 look forward to 期待，盼望；朝前看 look into 调查，窥视，了解，向里看 look like 看上去象 look on 旁观，观望；看待 look on/upon as 把看成 look out 当心，提防；向外看，查出，留神 Look out for sth 小心提防某事look out to 向望去/眺望 look over 看过一遍，检阅，检查 look sb. up and down 上下打量某人 look through 透过看，浏览，翻阅，仔细查看 look up 查阅，仰视；看望，拜访；(前景)转好，改善 (look up information on the Internet.在互联网上查找信息)look up to 尊敬，仰视 have a look (at)看一看 look up a word (in the dictionary)查字典 look fine/well/tired/worried看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑 take a look (a last look) at看一看(最后看一眼) have a look at看一看 look smart显得精神/看起来聪明 look back upon回忆,回顾 look at sb in the face/eyes直视某人 take on a new look呈现一片新面貌 look to朝看去,朝向,对着;依赖,指望,当心,注意 (We all look to you to support us.我们都仰仗你来支持我们呢。)8. make-phrases make a call 打电话 make a choice 作出选择 make a decision 做出决定 make a discovery 发现 make a dive for 向猛冲，冲过去拿 make a face/ make faces 扮鬼脸 make a fire 生火，弄火 make a good effort 做出很大的努力 make a journey/trip 去旅行 make a joke 开玩笑 make a living 谋生 make a mistake 犯错误 make a noise 喧嚷，吵闹 make a plan for 为制定计划 make a promise 许诺 make a record 制作唱片 make a round trip (乘车、船、飞机等)往返 make a sentence 造句 make a speech 发表演说 make a suggestion 提出建议 make an answer 做出回答 make an apology to 向道歉 make an experiment 做实验 make enemies 树敌 make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友 make fun of 嘲弄，取笑 make laws 制定法律 make no difference 无关重要，没有影响 make a difference to sb/sth 对。有重要影响make ones way to sp去，排除困难前进 make out 理解，看清楚，认出make peace 讲和 make preparations for 作好准备 make progress 取得进步 make repairs 修理 make room for 给腾出地方 make sure of 确定 make sure/certain 确信，确保 make tea 泡茶，沏茶 make the bed 铺床 make the best/most of=make full use of 尽量利用，善用 make up 构成，编写，编造，化妆，打扮 弥补make up the missing lessons 补课make up for 弥补，补偿 make up of/ be made up of 组成 make up ones mind 下定决心 make use of 利用 makefrom 用制造(看不出原材料) makeinto 把制成 makeof 用制造(看得出原材料) maketo ones measure 按尺寸做 make for走向，驶向,有助于 (He made for the door.他向门口走去.)make sense讲得通，有意义 make sense of 理解 明白。make way让路，开路 make a film拍电影 make it clear弄清楚 make money赚钱 make phone calls打电话 make sb. tense使某人紧张 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 make sb. stressed使某人紧张 make people look good 使人们心情舒畅 make a music video录制唱片 make a hit CD发行了轰动一时的CD make room/space for给腾出地方 make oneself at home不要客气 make an announcement通知 make a bow鞠躬 make a choice挑选，选择 make a snowman堆雪人 make ones lessons interesting使某人的课上的很有趣 make a lot of money赚很多钱 make a special meal做一顿特别的饭 make her happy使她高兴 make a decision to do sth.决定做某事 make it early 把时间定的早一点 make a new discovery做出新的发现 make ends meet量入而出；使收支相抵 make a fool of sb.欺骗，愚弄某人 make a journey 旅行 make a law 制定一条法律 make up for ones mistake弥补某人的过失 make sb. monitor选某人为班长 make / take notes做笔记 make a plan 订计划 make a promise 答应，许下诺言 make a speech发言，演讲 make an appeal to sb.向某人提出呼吁;上诉 make friends again言归于好，重修旧好 make peace with(与.)讲和 make sacrifices for为.牺牲 make a living by doing sth.靠.为生 make a living on sth.以.为生 make it.达到预定目标,及时抵达,走完路程,(病痛等)好转 make water . 小便,漏水 9. put-phrases put an end to 完成，结束 put aside 放在一边，搁置一边 put away 拿开，放好，把收起来，积蓄 put back 放回(原处)，拨回(钟表)，阻碍，推迟 put down 放下，记下，镇压；使(乘客)下车 put forward 提出(计划)；出风头 put into 送入，输入，把译成，把放到什么里 put into practice 付诸实施，实行 put off 推迟，延期，拖延 put on weight 发胖 put ones heart into 全神贯注于之中 put out扑灭 put together 把放在一起，装配 put up 张贴，挂起，搭起，举起；建造；住宿 (Can you put me up tonight?今晚你能留宿我吗？)put up with 容忍，忍受 putto bed 哄睡觉 putto use 利用，使用 put up ones hand举手 put on a short play上映短剧 put up a notice 张贴通知 put on performances 演出，表演 throw / put sb. into prison 将某人送进监狱 put out a fire灭火 put an end to结束,制止 put back .放回原处put sb to death置于死地;杀死;处死 10. take-phrases take A for B=mistake A for B 把A认为是B take (an active) part in (积极)参加 take a look at 看一看 take a message for 给捎口信 take a picture/photo 拍照 take a seat 坐下 take an exam 参加考试 take aim (at) 瞄准() take away 拿走；剥夺，减去take back 收回，拿回，取消(约定) take care 小心 take care of 照料，照顾take down 拿下，取下；写下，记录；拆毁；咽下 take great trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳干某事 take hold of 抓住 take in 吸收，接受，收留，领会，理解，欺骗，使上当take interest in 对感兴趣 take it easy 别着急 take medicine 吃药 take notes 记笔记 take off 脱下；带走；营救；(飞机)起飞；取消；减价；事业飞黄腾达take on 雇用，招收，开始从事，呈现，具有 take on a new look 呈现一派新面貌 take ones place 代替某人的职务，坐某人的座位 take ones temperature 量体温 take ones turn 轮流 take out 取出，把拿出来，领出去，除去 take over 接替，接管，继承 take photos 拍照 take place 发生，举行 take pride in 以自豪 take sth. by mistake 错拿某物 take the place of 代替，代理 take turns 轮流 take up 拿起，举起，从事(斗争等)； 占据（时间空间）takeas 把看作 takefor example 以为例 takefor granted 认为当然 take effect生效，起作用 take it easy别紧张 take a chance冒险一试 =take chancestake care小心，当心 take a message for sb给某人捎个口信 take advantage of利用，趁 之机 take an underground乘地铁 take care of照顾,照料,注意 take charge of担任，负责 take delight in以 为乐 take ones advice听从某人劝告 take ones time不急不忙，从容进行 take the place of取代 take time花费（时间） take a walk/rest散步/休息 take a look (a last look) at看一看(最后看一眼) take a bus/train/boat乘公共汽车/火车/船 take a correct attitude towards sth.对.抱正确的态度 take a deep breath深吸一口气 take pictures照相 take sb. to a hospital把某人送到医院 take a ride兜风 take sth. for granted想当然 take possession of 占有，拥有 take ones seat就座，坐下 take action采取行动;提出诉讼 take notice of注意，留心 take no notice of 没注意到take pride in以.自豪 take steps采取步骤;采取措施 take the lead为首，领先，带头take notes of把.记下来 take for example拿.为例 take into account考虑,对加以考虑 take pains to do sth煞费苦心,竭尽全力做某事，不辞辛苦做某事take office就职,就任 11. turn-phrases turn about/around/round 向后转 turn against 背叛，反抗 turn away 闪开；转过脸去，辞退(人)；不理睬 turn sb away 把某人打发走turn back 往回走，使倒转 turn down 拒绝；拧小(灯火，收音机等的声音) turn from side to side 转来转去 turn green 变绿 turn in 变出，上交，转身进去，引渡(罪犯) turn into 变成 turn off 关闭(电器，自来水，煤气等) turn on 旋开，打开；依靠，依赖；取决于；攻击 turn out 结果是，证明是；生产，制造，培养，出席某项活动turn over 把翻过来，移交，细想；turn red with anger 气得脸发红 turn round 旋转；完全改变(主张) turn to 翻到页，转到/向，求助于turn to a dictionary 查阅(字典) turn to sb. (for help) 向某人救助 turn up 露面，出现；把开大；卷起 turninto 把变成，把翻译成 in turn = by turns 依次 轮流in turn 反过来。（注意in turn 和 in return 之间的区别）take ones turn to do sth 该轮到。做。turn writer 成为作家turn a deaf ear to 对。置若罔闻turn a blind eye to 对。熟视无睹12. away-phrases blow away 刮走，吹走 break away from 脱离，破除 clear away 把清除掉 drive away (把车)开走 get away (from) 离开(某地)，逃离，脱身，拿走 give away 捐赠；泄漏；放弃；背弃；出卖(朋友) go/run away 走/跑开 keep away from 远离 move away 搬开，移走 put away 放好，存(钱)，把收起来 run away 逃走，(颜色)褪色，溃逃；私奔 send away 赶走，开除，解雇 take away 带走，夺去 throw away 扔掉，抛弃；错过(机会)；拒绝(劝告) turn away 离开，把打发走 （使改道而走）wash away 冲走，冲垮 pass away去世，逝世 far away很远,遥远 far away from远离 live far away from the school住在离学校很远的地方 take. away拿开,拿走 be away from 远离 stay away from 远离. smooth away difficulties 克服困难 get away with侥幸做成;侥幸得手 give oneself away泄露，露马脚 make away(急忙)离去;逃走 carry away感动,使忘乎所以,冲走,运走,使失去自制力 die away(风,声音)渐息,渐弱,(树木等)渐渐凋零right away马上,这会儿就 frighten away吓跑, 吓走 sweep away扫除,肃清,涤荡 go away.走开,作祈使句,别傻了! chase away赶走,驱逐 drive away赶走,开走 fade away消失,消退,逐渐衰弱 pull away脱身,离开,开走 scare away吓走,吓跑 sneak away溜出,溜走,悄悄离开 wash away冲去,冲走,洗掉 push away推开 steal away(把某物)偷走 look away把脸转过去13. for-phrases answer for 对负责 ask for 请求，询问，需要，自找(麻烦) be bad for 对有害处 be famous for 以出名 be good for 对有益处 be late for (做)迟到 be used for 被用作 call for 去接某人，请求，要求(need)，为而喊出 care for 关心，喜欢，想要，照顾，关怀，挂念，担心 changefor 用换取 get ready for 为作好准备 go in for 从事于 head for 向方向移动 Its time for 是的时候了 leave for 动身前往 leave A for B 离开A 去Blook for 寻找 make a dive for 向猛冲，冲过去拿 pay for 付钱，为付出代价；因受罚 praise sb. for 因赞扬某人 prepare for 为做准备 search for 寻找，寻求 send for 派人去请/叫 send A for B 派 A 去请Bstand for 代表，代替，象征 take a message for 为(某人)传递信息 thank sb. for 因感谢某人 = be thankful to sb for sth= be grateful to sb for sthwait for 等候，等待 for the moment现在，暂时 for example例如 go for竭力想取得,喜爱,支持，拥护 (go for it!加油！)word for word逐字地 account for说明 (原因等) run for竞选 sit for 参加（考试等）(Disappointed with my results, I sat for the exam again.)take for.把 认为是，把 看成是 for one thing首先，一则 for another thing 其次 二则for the first time第一次 for the second time 第二次for the last time 最后一次for instance例如，举例说 prepare for准备 look for寻找 care for照顾， 喜欢 for a while暂时，一时 for the time being暂时,眼下 stand for代替，代表，意味着 apologize to sb. for sth.为某事向某人道歉 be bad for有害于 be famous for因而有名 be late for迟到 be/get ready for为作准备 = be prepared forenter for报名参加 enter sb for sth 给某人报名参加。for (the) purpose of为了 for a moment片刻，一会儿 for ever永远 for the present目前，暂时 for the sake of为了 起见 为了。的好处（I remind you to do that for your sake.我是为了你好才提醒你做那件事儿.）go for a swim去游泳 go in for参加，从事于，酷爱 leave for动身去 leave A for B 离开 A 去 Bmistak