代词it和强调句型.doc

代词 , it 的用法和强调句型近几年高考代词的考查点集中在不定代词上：一是考查它们相互间的意义和功能差别；二是考查它们之间语法特征的差异。因此试题设计注重了情景干扰，注重了特定语言环境中上下文的联系，而且题干的语义结构越来越复杂。特别加强对语义较丰富、语法较复杂的不定代词的考查。一、 人称代词1.分清主格、宾格、所有格（形容词性的和名词性的物主代词）（his, mine, its）I gave the book to him. My book is different from hers. (= her book)2.人称代词使用时注意的几点：1）This is a photo of his. This is one of his photos.2) Who is knocking at the door? Its me.3)_ You , he and I are good friends. ( 注意排序 ) I, he and you will be punished by our teacher. （承认错误 ）3, 作主语的人称代词如果孤立使用于无谓语动词的句中，常用宾格。 -Does any of you know where Tom lives? -Me. Id like some juice. -What about you? -Me, too.4, 在比较级的句中，than, as 之后人称代词的使用 I run faster than he.(him) I run faster than he does.5, we, you 和 one 常用来泛指人 (man men 指人类) One should always love ones country .二、指示代词 （this that these those such same） 1, this 和that 可以用来表示程度，做状语 I dont think she is that foolish (a girl). 2, 使用 “same”必须用定冠词 “the” the same Such (主语)were his words.(这样的人/物) 3, this （这）可以用来指代现在已经叙述的事情或接着将要叙述的事情；that（那）用来指代之前已经叙述的事情。This is what I thought.She was ill . That is why she didnt come .4,that(不可数名词和可数名词单数)=the one（可数名词）和those=the ones（复数）有时用来指代前面提到的东西,以避免重复。 I prefer the information you give to that heard by myself.(information不可数名词) Equipped with modern facilities, todays libraries differ greatly from those of the past. The flowers here arent so beautiful as those in your garden The water in the rivers is usually cleaner than that in the wells 三反身代词by oneself of oneself(自动、主动) for oneself（为自己、亲自） enjoy oneself help oneself (to) seat oneself=be seated talk to oneself be not oneself 不舒服make oneself at home（别拘束） feel (like / quite)oneself（觉得身体情况正常）四不定代词1， both schools (复数) neither kid（单数） either side (使用范围；两者) 2, all none any（使用范围；三者）either （副词，也） neither （副词，也不） He doesnt like English，either。 He doesnt like English and neither do I。all the morning = the whole morning 3, every(三个以上) each（两个以上） Each ticket costs 10 dollars. Each of the boys has a book. We each have a book. Every ticket costs 10 dollars. 4, some any Would you like some more food? Why didnt buy some flowers He was born in some=a certain place in the south of China. Please call me if you have any questions.注意：部分否定和全部否定（both、every，all、everything, everyone, everybody ）Such a thing cant be found everywhere。Both books are not expensive.Not both books are expensive.Neither book is expensive.5, 复合不定代词： something anything everything nothing someone anyone everyone no one(nobody)Someone of us wants to join the army. nothing but anything but You are anything but brave. She is something of a doctor. (多少有点) He is a doctor or something. （或是什么的；或是之类的） Something like 大致；差不多6. many - much a few - a little/a bit few-littleFew of us are / is rich.7.each other one another8. other-the other others-the others another(又一，再一，另一) One the other (two) some.others (1) I have two sisters . One is a doctor , and the other is a teacher .(2) There are many students on the playground . Some are playing football and others are playing basketball .(3) Lei Feng always help others ,(4) I always help the others in our class .(5) Show me another cup, please !(6) We need another five chairs .= We need five more chairs . another day（改天） the other day 9. none =no +名词（人、物）， nothing （物） nobody（no one）（人）How much money do you have? None.What are you doing? Nothing.Who is in the classroom? No one.10. one(ones)(可数) the one(the ones) that(those)（可数、不可数）it（可数、不可数） (they/them) （可数复数）Ive lost my pen . I cant find it . I will buy oneIs this factory the one you visited yesterday ?Mr. Zhang gave me a gift, one (that)I will treasure forever.Few pleasures can equal that(=the pleasure.) of a cool drink on a hot day.The book on the desk is older than that /the one under the desk. It的用法（含强调句型）一，指代时间、距离、金钱, 自然现象等Its about 5 minutes walk .二，作人称代词 （指代所提到过的事、想法、性别不明的人或动物、也可指代未指明但双方都明白的事等）It doesnt matter. - Who is knocking at the door?- Its me .English is very important and you will realize it some day .三，作形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式，动名词，或从句。把真正主语/宾语放在后边，保持句子平衡。常见句型 ：主语+谓语+it+宾补（不定式，动名词，宾语从句）Do you consider it any good trying again ?They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important job .I find it important to learn English .It is important toIt is well known thatIt is no use doingIt is said that有时形式宾语it和真正的宾语之间没有补足语。如：（make it）I hate it when people talk with their mouths full . （like）You may depend on it that they will support you . （see to it that）I would appreciate it if you can help me.I cant help it if he is always late.As someone puts it, practice makes perfect.When it comes to football, he is more excited.四，强调句型1，强调谓语用do / does / did 只用于一般现在时或一般过去时He does go to school late .2，it 引导的强调句型It is / was + 被强调的成分（主语，宾语，状语）+that ( who ) +其它成分。It was （not）I who / that met him in the street last week .Was it in 1950 that he joined the army ?When was it that he joined the army ?Where was it that we met for the first time?What was it that made you so happy?Who was it that made the child cry ？It was because I got up late that I went to school late .I didnt know when it was that he joined the army .It was in the school where he taught that we met for the first time。What do you think it was that made him angry？It was not until Father came back that I went to bed .It was not what he said but what he did that mattered.-Where did you meet him? It was in the office where he worked (that I met him.)3. It引起的几个易混淆的时间句型1)，It was in the street that I met him . It was the street where I met him.2)，It + be + 时间（时间一般为具体时间）+ when-clause It was in 1999 that I went to college . It was 1999 when I went to college .3)，It + be + 时间 + since-clause It is/has been three years since his father passed away . 4),It + be + 时间 + before-clause （时间一般为表示一段时间） It wasnt long before she learned those poems by heart . It will be two years before he goes abroad. He ran out of the room before I answered his question. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. (还未/不到.就.) We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. （.才.）专项训练：1.Its an either-or situation-we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do _.A others B either C another D both2. At our factory there are a few machines similar to _described in this magazine.A them B these C those D ones3. Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is _.A another B the other C one another D one4. Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like_of them very much.A either B any C each D another5. To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _of her colleagues.A that B one C ones D those6. This project requires close teamwork, _will be achieved unless we work well together.A Nothing B Anything C Something D Everything7. The traffic on the main streets has a long green signal than_on the small ones.A one B this C that D it8. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost_of her enthusiasm for life.A some B neither C none D all9.Sophia waited for a reply, but_came.A either B another C neither D none10.Studying Wendys menu, I found that many of the items are similar to_ of McDonalds.A those B ones any D all11. My brother would like to buy a good watch but _was available from that shop.A nothing A none C no one D neither12. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but_of them wants to, because they have work to do.A either B any C neither D none13. If youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get_for me?A one B such C this D that14. -Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks loke. -What do you think of_over there?A the one B this C it D that15. Half of _surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.A these B some C ones D those16. Sarah made_to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.A herself B this C that D it17. No matter where he is, he makes_a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.A him B this C that D it18. When you are done with the book ,just give it to Lucy or Helen or_.A whoever B wherever C whatever D however19. -Shall I attend my friends coming-of-age ceremony, Mum? -No, unless you see to_that you will be home before 10:00 P.M.A one B this C it D her20. When you are done with the book, go out for a walk or _.A whoever B wherever C whatever D however21. The girl thinks she is_of a star as she won the local beauty contest.A something B anything C everything D nothing22. Lucy is a hard-working and physically active student,_has both marks and a fit body.A one who B the one C whom D the person23. -Excuse me, I want to have my car repaired,but I cant find a garage. -I know where_is. Come on, Ill show you.A it B the one C that D one24. -What an amazing film! Its the most interesting film Ive ever seen. -But Im sure it wont interest_.A everybody B somebody C anybody D nobody25. -Have you figured out how much the trip will cost? -$4000, or )_like that.A anything B everything C something D nothing26. There is _in his words. We should have a try. A something B anything C nothing D everything27. _thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.A One B All C Everything D AnythingMany people now think that teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is unnecessary for children to work at home in their free time. 48 ，they argue that most teachers do not properly plan the homework tasks they give to pupils. The result is that pupils have to 49 tasks which they have already done at school.Recently in Greece, many parents 50 about the difficult homework which teachers gave to their children. The parents said that most of the homework was