英语动词分类详析.docVIP

一、动词的分类1.行为动词（实义动词）及物动词：do，consider, close, containEx: I did it. (当你拿到雅思成绩时，可以这样来一句) I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion. I believed that the committee would consider our suggestion. The water contains sugar.延伸：contain和include的区别include和exclude的区别不及物动词 swim, go, come, belong，arriveHe swims like a fish.The girl comes toward me.A rumor went through the town.Undoubtedly, Diaoyu Island belongs to China.I arrive at school very early every day.They finally arrived at an agreement.延伸：belong to 和own/have 的区别, arrive和reach的区别reach out v 伸出 reach for 伸手去拿 reach an agreement 达成协议；取得一致意见，达成共识 out of reach 够不着 reach the top 登上顶锋注：有的动词既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing是不及物动词）She sang an English song just now. 她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing是及物动词) sing, sang, sung, singing3.助动词助动词be的用法1） be +现在分词，构成进行时态，He is singing.他在唱歌。 English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。 More and moreadj 越来越 more and morenoun越来越多的 Girls become more and more beautiful when they grow up. prettier and prettierGirl changes fast in physical appearance and disposition from childhood to womanhood.Now more and more people are streaming into big cities.Stream流动 steam 蒸汽，2)be + 过去分词，构成被动语态，例如：The window was broken by Tom.窗户是汤姆打碎的。延伸：The window has been broken by Tom.这两个句子的区别English is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语。延伸throughoutthroughout the worldall over the world throughout ones life延伸2 过去分词go be sing ring wear bear throw blow begin come become drink drive eat read这些词的过去分词，常用但又容易出错。3） be + 动词不定式 He is to go to New York next week.We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.改写这两个句子，变成will do/ be going to do的形式He will go to New York next week.He is going to go to New York next week.助动词have的用法及所构成的时态的用法1）have +过去分词，构成现在完成时 肯定句a, He has left for London.Leave for 前往，去 否定句 B, He has not (yet) left for London. 一般疑问句C, Has he left for London? 特殊疑问句D, what has he done yesterday?现在完成时表示在这之前或过去已经发生完成的动作，但对现在造成了影响。 A, I have spent all of my money.(结果是现在没钱花了) B, Jane has laid the table.(含义是桌子已经弄好了可以用了)Lay the table摆好餐具桌子准备用餐to lay the foundation of something 打好的基础lie lied lied lying 说谎lie lay lain lying 躺 / 位于 / 在于 lay laid laid laying 放倒，把放下 / 产卵下蛋 By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.注：have been to和have gone to 的区别I have gone to Paris three times.Mr.Li is not here, because he has been to Hong Kong.现在完成时还可表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，常与for时间段或者since（时间点/过去式的句子）连用，或者up to now, till now, so far, recently等，但一定不能与when连用。I have learned English for ten years.Up to now, Mo Yan has published 30 novelettes.(中篇小说)-ette后缀表示小的如：cigarcigarette statuestatuetteThere have been many changes since the warHe has been married since he graduated from college.写作时been married一定不能用got married， why?因为get是个瞬间动词，不能与for/since直接联用，写作常用的die,open,finish,buy也是瞬间动词补充：It is 时间段since从句（过去式） It is 20 years since I was bornI am 20 years old. It is 12 years since China became one member of WTO.注：have 变成had就得到了过去完成时，即had 过去分词过去完成时表示在过去的某一时间之前已经完成的动作或状态，即过去的过去，所以在使用过去完成时时，一定还会出现一个表示过去的动作，而且主句动作在它之前就完成了。因此过去完成时的用法比较固定单一，是很容易掌握的语法之一。2）have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时，例如：I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语，已达十年之久3）have+been +过去分词，构成完成式被动语态，例如： English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。助动词do 的用法不用详解，只须记住一个句子I do love you.4.情态动词：can(could), may(might), must, shall(should) will(would) need(needed), dare(dared), have to, ought to 统统加动词原形注意几点：1，当表示经过努力才得以做成功某事时应用beableto，不能用Can。如： Hewasabletogotothepartyyesterdayeveninginspiteoftheheavyrain写作词汇补充：Schooling, parenting, awareness, sense, cultivate, foster, creative1, Compared with schooling, parenting is much less popular in spite of its advantages. 尽管有优势，家庭教育还是远没有学校教育普及。2，brand awareness, environmental awareness, risk awareness, strengthen the awareness of, an awareness of risk, a sense of pride3，Parents should strengthen the awareness of childrens potential.4, It is widely acknowledged that a sense of risk may contribut