曹刿论战文言现象.doc

一、通假字小惠未徧（“徧”通“遍”，普遍，遍及）二、古今异义齐师伐我（古义：进攻；今义：讨伐)齐师伐我（古义：军队；今义：老师）又何间焉（古义：参与；今义：隔开，不连接） 肉食者鄙，未能远谋（古义：目光短浅；今义：语言、品行恶劣，轻视，看不起） 衣食所安（古义：养；今义：安稳）牺牲玉帛（古义：祭祀用的牛、羊、猪等；今义：为了正义而舍弃自己的生命） 弗敢加也（古义：虚报夸大；今义：增加) 必以信（古义：实情；今义：诚信）小大之狱 (古义：案件；今义：监狱) 必以情（古义：以实情判断；今义：感情）忠之属也（古义：尽力做好本分的事；今义：忠诚）忠之属也（古义：类；今义：同一家族的人）可以一战 (古义：可以凭借；今义：表示可能或能够） 神弗福也（古义：赐福，保佑；今义：幸运）再而衰(古义：第二次；今义：再一次，又)三、一词多义故：公问其故（原因，缘故） 故克之（所以） 从：民弗从也（听从） 战则请从（跟随） 信：小信未孚（信用） 必以信（实情）以：何以战（凭借）必以信（按照） 必以分人（把）请：曹刿请见（请求） 战则请从（请允许） 之：小大之狱（助词，的） 公与之乘（代词，代指曹刿）公将鼓之（补足音节，不译） 焉：又何间焉（句末语气词，相当于呢）惧有伏焉（兼词，于此）四、词类活用神弗福也（名词用作动词赐福，保佑）公将鼓之（名词用作动词，击鼓）忠之属也（形容词用作名词，尽力做好分内的事）公与之乘（名词作动词，乘战车）下视其辙（名词作动词，下车）齐师败绩（名词用作动词，大败）必以情（名词用作动词，以实情判断）五、文言句式（1）判断句忠之属也（“也”表判断）夫战，勇气也（“也”表判断）夫大国，难测也（“也”表判断）（2）倒装句何以战（宾语前置，应为“以何战”）战于长勺（状语后置，应为“于长勺战”）(3)省略句可以一战（“以”后省略了宾语“之”）一鼓作气，再而衰，三而竭（“再”和“三”后省略了宾语“鼓”）下视其辙，登轼而望之（省略主语“曹刿”）必以分人（省略介词“以”的宾语“之”）If I were a boyIf I were a boy, even just for a day Id roll outta bed in the morningAnd throw on what I wanted then go Drink beer with the guysAnd chase after girls Id kick it with who I wantedAnd Id never get confronted for it. Cuz theyd stick up for meC H O R U S :If I were a boy I think I could understandHow it feels to love a girl I swear Id be a better manId listen to her, cuz I know how it hurtsWhen you lose the one you wanted Cuz hes taken you for grantedAnd everything you had got destroyed.If I were a boy I would turn off my phoneTell everyone its broken So theyd think that I was sleepinaloneId put myself first, and make the rules as I goCuz I know that shed be faithful Waitinfor me to come home (to come home)C H O R U SIts a little too late for you to come back Say its just a mistakeThink Id forgive you like that If you thought I would wait for youYou thought wrong But youre just a boyYou dont understand Yeah you dont understand (ooh)How it feels to love a girl somedayYoull wish you were a better manYou dont listen to herYou dont care how it hurtsUntil you lose the o