班一形容词和副词.doc

形容词和副词学习目标: 1. 形容词的用法；2. 副词的用法；3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法；4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。1. 形容词的用法 (1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如： Our country is a beautiful country. （作定语, 一般放在名词前面） The fish went bad. （作表语,一般放在系动词后面）We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语）注意: 形容词修饰something, anything, nobody, everybody等不定代词时,放在名词后面。 I have something important to tell you. (2) the形容词表示一类人或物，多做复数看待。 The rich are not always happy.(3) 感官动词后面加形容词做表语,不接副词。 The idea sounds good. (注意不是sounds well)2. 副词的用法(1) 副词在句中多做状语, 可修饰动词形容词和副词本身。He studies very hard.（作状语, 修饰动词。注: very本身也是副词, 修饰hard）(2)副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：1)时间副词时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：now, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always等。例如：He often comes to school late.What are we going to do tomorrow?2)地点副词地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, in, out等。例如：He went upstairs.Put down your name here.3)方式副词大部分方式副词由形容词加词尾-ly构成的, 有少数方式副词与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：badly, carefully, rapidly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, high, highly,wide等。例如：The old man walked home slowly.The birds are flying high. (注意对比: I speak highly of him.)4)程度副词程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly等。例如：I can hardly agree with you.5)疑问副词疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how, when, where, why等。例如：How are you getting along with your studies? (3)副词在句中的位置1)多数副词放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如：She sings quite well.She speaks English well.2)频度副词作状语时，常放在行为动词前，情态动词，助动词和be动词后。例如：He usually gets up early.Ive never heard him singing. (4)部分常用副词的用法区别1) very, much- 都可表示“很”，very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much用来修饰比较级。例如：She is a very nice girlIm feeling much better now.Much可以修饰动词，而very则不能。例如：I dont like the idea much.2) too, either-都表示“也”，too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：She can dance, and I can dance, too.I havent read the book and my brother hasnt either.3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more和most。1) 两个人或事物的比较时（不一定每方只有一个人或一个物），用比较级。 Our teacher is taller than we are.最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.同级比较时常常用 asas(和一样)以及not so(as)as(和不一样)如： This box is as big as mine. I am not so good a player as you are.2)可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。3)The+形容词比较级., the+形容词比较级.表示 越.就越.。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make. 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级, 表示 越来越. 。 如: Its getting hotter and hotter.4) 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.5) 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：Our school is four times larger than yours.Our school is four times as large as yours.Our school is four times the size of yours. 6)表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。练习: 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级以及最高级good/well , bad /badly , many/much , little , early , far / , / few , fat , old / , / 单选 1. - Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now. A. any wellB. any betterC. quite good D. quite better 2. Now the air in our home town is _ than it was before. Something must be done. A. much better B. more worse C. more better D. much worse3. -Remember this, children. _ careful you are, _ mistakes you will make.-We know, Miss Gao.A. The more; the more B. The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less4. -Its so cold today. -Yes, its _ colder than it was yesterday. A. some B. more C. very D. much5. John came to work _of them all yesterday because his bike had broken down. A. late B. later C. latest D. latter6. If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier time 7. Bob never does his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful B. as carefully as C. carefully D. as careful as8. -Mum, could you buy me a dress like this? -Certainly, we can buy _ one than this, but _ this. A. a better; better than B. a worse; as good as C. a cheaper; as good as D. a more important; good as9. She isnt so at maths as you are. A. well B. good C. better D. best10. He is enough to carry the heavy box. A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest11. The box is heavy for the girl carry. A. too; to B. to; too C. so;to D. enough; to12. Wu Lin ran faster than the other boys in the sports meeting. A. so B. much C. very D. too11. Jane looks so _ today because she has got an “A” in her maths test. A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily 改错 She is my older sister. Im tire