介词及连词总结.doc

1.in; on; at用在时间词前，表“在” 1)at + 具体时刻2)on +具体某天（具体某天的上、下午等；星期词；以及上、下午词前有修饰词时）3)in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分但注意：at night= in the night at noonat this / that time at Christmaseg . 1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning3. _ a rainy evening 4. _3:50 5._ 20026._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring 8._ night 9._ this time 10. _ March另外注意：在时间词（morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday）前有last, next , this , that时，不再用介词. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。eg. I will go to the cinema in this evening.2. in , on , at 表地点：at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：eg. 1)He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.2)They arrived _a small village before dark.3)There is a big hole _ the wall.4)The teacher put up a picture _ the wall.3.in , on , to表方位 in(范围内)；on(范围外且接壤)；to(范围外但不接壤)。可表示为下图的位置关系 eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2)Hubei is on the north of Hunan. 3)Japan is to the east of China.4.cross: 动词“跨过，越过”=go acrossacross: （表面）跨过through: （内部）穿过，贯穿 介词eg. 1)Can you swim _ the river? 2)The road runs _ the forest. 3) _ the bridge, youll find a cinema.5. in + 时间段：与将来时连用after + 时间段：与过去时连用但after + 时间点：可与将来时连用。 1) Ill leave _ three oclock. That is, Ill leave _ about ten minutes. 2)They left _ two weeks.6. in the tree(外加在树上的事物) on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)in the wall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物)7. on the wall(墙表面的事物) 1) There is a map _ the wall 2) There are four windows _ the wall.8.by bike / bus / car / ship (单数且无冠词)但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时，则应使用相应的介词。eg. by bike = on a(the; his) bikeby car = in a(the ; her) caron: 在（表面）上接触9. over: 在的正上方 above: 在的斜上方 未接触1) The moon rose _ the hill. 2) There is a bridge _ the river. 3) There is a book _ the desk.10. between: 在（两者）之间 among :在（三者以上）之间1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach. _ them were his parents.2)Tom sits _Lucy and Lily.11.on与about : 关于 on用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等 about用于非正式的谈话或随便提及eg. He gave a talk _ the history of the Party12. in front of :在前面/方（范围外）= beforein / at the front of:在前部（范围内）1)There is a big tree _ of the classroom. 2)A driver drives _ of the bus.类似区别：at the back of与behind13.with和in: 表示“用“with: 指“用工具、手、口等” in: 指“用语言、话语、声音等” 1) Please write the letter _ a pen. 2) Please speak _ a loud voice.14. on a farm ; in a factory ; the girl in the hat ; leave for: 动身前往某地15.一些固定搭配：（1）介词与动词的搭配listen to , laugh at, get to, look for;wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spendon, 等。（2）介词与名词的搭配on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on ones way to, in trouble,at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。（3）介词与形容词的搭配be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。16、for和of的区别和搭配介词for基本可以归纳为以下几点: 1. The period between 1905 and 1915 was important one for Einstein. for对来说(利益) All for one, and one for all. 人人为我,我为人人。 Smoking is not good for the health. 吸烟有害健康。 2. Einstein received worldwide praise for his scientific research. for由于(理由,原因) She was angry with him for being late. 她生气是因为他迟到。 3. In 1933, Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA. for向,往(方向,目的地) This ship is for San Francisco. 这艘船是开往旧金山的。 4. . but asked for very little money. for目的,追求(以为目的,为了得到) What is this for? 这是做什么用的? She does aerobics for her figure. 为了保持身材,她做有氧运动。 5. He once refused to speak on the radio for $1,000 a minute. for交换,抵偿报酬(以的金额,与交换) She took the blouse back to the store and changed it for another. 她把这件短上衣拿回店里换另一件。 I bought this set of coffee cups for $20. 我花了20美元购买这套咖啡杯。 6. Another time, someone saw him using a cheque for $1,500 as a bookmark. for面值 She handed me a bill for $100. 她给了我一张100美元的帐单。 介词of用法 1: 表示剥夺,除去 clarify the river of flowing rubbish 2: of接直接宾语 remind sb. of his duties 3: of接间接宾语 ask a question of sb 4: of表示人物的特性,籍贯,特性或出生等 He is of Irish descend 5: 固定词组 The room smells of stale cabbage. 介词from用法1.动词+from a)动词+ from come from来自,date from追溯, depart from违背, die from死于, escape from逃出,fall from自跌落, hang from垂挂, hear from收到来信,learn from向某人学习, return from自某地返回，rise from自冒出, result from起因于, suffer from忍受。 b)动词+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place borrow from向借, choose from选自, excuse from免除, keep from阻止做,prevent from不准做, protect from不受之害, receive from收到,remove from移动；除去, save from保全；拯救, separate from分离开来,stop from阻止。 2. be +形容词+ from be absent from缺席,be different from与众不同, be far from更不用说, be hidden from躲避,be made from用制成, be tired from因而疲倦。 3.fromto from bad to worse每况愈下，from beginning to end自始至终，from cover to cover从头到尾，from China to Peru到处，from day to day一天一天地，from door to door挨家挨户，from end to end从头至尾，from first to last自始至终，from hand to mouth勉强糊家，from head to foot从头到脚，from mouth to mouth广泛流传，from sun to sun从日出到日落，from start to finish从头开始，from top to toe从头到脚，from time to time不时地，from top to bottom彻底地。 初中英语语法/介词一. 单项填空 1. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _ 5 oclock _ the morning. A. on; in B. at; in C. at; on D. in; on 2. Wheres Lily? We are all here _ her. A. beside B. about C. except D. with 3. She sent her friend a postcard _ a birthday present. A. on B. as C. for D. of 4. Jack has studied Chinese in this school _ the year of 2000. A. since B. in C. on D. by 5. -What is a writing brush, do you know? -Its _ writing and drawing. A. with B. to C. for D. by 6. English is widely used _ travellers and business people all over the world. A. to B. for C. as D. by 7. _ the help of my teacher, I caught up with the other students. A. Under B. In C. With D. On 8. Hong Kong is _ the south of China, and Macao is _ the west of Hong Kong. A. in; to B. to; to C. to; in D. in; in 9. -Youd better not go out now. Its raining. -It doesnt matter. My new coat can keep _ rain. A. in B. of C. with D. off 10. Japan lies _ the east of China. A. to B. in C. about D. at 11. -Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008? -I dont think so. Now _ the young _ the old can speak some English. A. eitheror B. not only but also C. neithernor D. bothor 12. We didnt catch the train _ we left late. A. so B. because C. but D. though 13. Tom failed in the exam again _ he wanted to pass it very much. A. if B. so C. though D. as 14. I wont believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words _ I have tested him myself. A. after B. when C. if D. until 15. The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours _ he realized it. A. when B. until C. after D. before 16. -This dress was last years style. -I think it still looks perfect _ it has gone out this year. A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since 17. Hurry up, _ you will miss the train. A. and B. so C. however D. or 18. The mountain was _ steep _ few people in our city reached the top. A. soas B. sothat C. asas D. tooto 19. -Do you remember our pleasant journey to Xian? -Of course. I remember everything _ it happened yesterday. A. as soon as B. even though C. rather than D. as if 20. _ you cant answer this question, we have to ask someone else for help. A. Although B. While C. Whether D. Since连词1. Oh, I failed againDont lose heart. One more effort, _ you will succeed. A. so that B. therefore C. however D. and2. _ a difficult situation, so you should send him a message and give him some advice.A. As he is in B. He is in C. Being in D. He being in3. She said she would work it out herself, _ ask me for help. A. and not to B. but not C. and prefer not D. rather than4. _ enough time, but I couldnt do it better. A. I was given B. Given C. To be given D. Though I was given 5. How can I wake up so early? Set the alarm at 5 oclock, _ youll make it.A. but B. or C. and D. so6. For a person with reading habits, a printed page contains not only words _ ideas, thoughts and feelings.A. yet B. and C. or D. but7. Information technology is taught in most schools, _ we have entered the information society.A. so B. while C. still D. for8. English is understood all over the world _ Turkey is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.A. while B. when C. if D. as9. I was on the point of going to bed _ Mr. Zhang rang.A. as B. when C. while D. and10. I asked him whether he had done all the work himself _ whether he had had any assistance.A. and B. but C. nor D. or11. In some countries, _ are called “public schools” are not owned by the public.A. which B. as C. what D. that12. _ happens in the world makes us happy and sad by turns. A. That B. What C. Which D. Whether13. I read about this story in some book or other, does it matter _ it was?A. where B. what C. how D. which14. One of the men present held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. what C. that D. that what15. _ I had walked for six hours, I was tired out. A. After B. Before C. When D. As16. Tom make up his mind to get a seat for the football match _ it means standing in a queue all night. A. as if B. as though C. even if D. whatever17. The roof fell _ he had time to dash into the house to save his baby. A. as B. after C. until D. before18. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true _ it comes to classroom tests. A. as B. since C. when D. after19. I have been keeping that photo _ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my college days. A. which B. where C. whether D. when20. You may borrow this book _ you promise to give it back. A. in case B. so long as C. as if D. even if 21. _ the man grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening. A. With B. Since C. While D. As22. _ you understand this rule, youll have no further difficulty. A. Once B. Unless C. As D. Until23. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen _ the door-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead. A. when B. than C. as D. while24. I criticized him, you know, not _ I hate him but _ I love him. A. because; because B. because; for C. for; because D. for; for25. _ he studies hard, he will never pass the examination. A. If B. Unless C. Even if D. Even though26. She worked hard _ everything would be ready by the time he came back. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless27. He waited _ the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later.A. when B. before C. as D. until28. May I go and play football with Dick this afternoon, Dad? No, you cant go out _ your work is being done. A. before B. until C. as D. after29. A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they are _ they leave the Arab world forever. A. even though B. in case C. whenever D. until30. I was so familiar with her that I recognized her voice _ I picked up the phone. A. the moment B. after C. before D. while1 .He is very old,_ he still works very hard. A. but B.if C.when D.as2. _ you are dismissed.A. Neither you go nor B. Either you go or C. Whether you go or D. Both you go and3. They had camped once before, _ they knew what to take.A. because B. now C. so D. since4. Why these things happened was _ the driver had been careless. A. because of B. owing toC. due to D. that5. Although, its raining, _are still working in the fields.A. they B. but they C. and theyD. so they6._we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of complaint.A. So B. Since that C. Now that D. By now.7. Write clearly _ your teacher can understand .you correctly.A. since B. for C. becauseD. so that8.Youll miss the train _ you hurry up.A. unless B. as C. if D. until9. Francis did the task_ his brother.A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as10.The size of the audience,_ we had expected, was well over twenty thousand.A. as B. what C. that D. whom11.I thought he hated the TV .You are right,_ he still watches the program.A. yet B. besides C. also D. then12. It looks _ its going to rain.A. that B. as C. as if D. like that13._ to New York, her father has not heard from her.A. Because she went B. After she went C. When she went D. Since she went14._he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky.A. Until B. Since C. While D. During15. We arrived at the station _ the train had left.A. after B. before C. since D. when16._ he was in poor health, he worked just as hard as everyone else.A. But B. Although C. Even if D. If17. Give me one more minute _ Ill have finished.A. so B. until C. and D. when18. The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months,_ he could not find any work.A. and B. yet C. or D. and but19. Hurry up, _ youll be late.A. or B. and C. so D. yet20. Do not make the same mistake _ I did.A. so B. as C. like D. that21. My sister is expecting me,_ I must be off now. A. however B. or C. so D. otherwise22. We should pay attention _ to industry _ to agriculture.A. either, or B. neither, nor C. not, but D. both, and23. He ran off_ I could stop him.A. before B. after C. since D. when24._ you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. A. Till B. Until C. After D. Since25. Where have you been _ you left home?A. before B. as C. since D. when 26._ the problem of method is solved, talking about the task is useless.A. UntilB. SinceC. AfterD. Unless27. We have produced 15% more cotton this year_ we did last year.A. as B. than C. like D. white28.It is late; _, Im too tired to go out.A. besides B. except C. except for D. except that29. Everything around us is _ solid .liquid _ gas.A. not . .but. B. either. .or. C. neither. .nor. D. whether. .or.30. He will come _ you ask him.A. whether B. unless C. if D. while31._ he will come or not is still unknown.A. If B. Where C. That D. Whether32.I don t know _ to stay at home or go out. A. whether B. if C. how D. where33. He spoke loudly _ the audience could hear him clearly.A. so B. that C. so that D. in order to34. The book is not easy._ its rather difficult.A. On the one hand B. On the contrary C. On the other hand D. On the other contrary35. You must work hard,_ you will not learn English well.A. if B. whether C. otherwise D. unless36. It rained heavily,_ the basketball match had to be put off.A. so that B. when C. otherwise D. therefore37. We must do _ the people want us to do.A. whatever B. however C. wherever D. whenever38. You are certainly right,_ others may say.A. what B. whatever C. that D. as39._ makes mist, akes must correct them.A. Who B. What C. Whoever D. Whatever40.Ill discuss it with you _ you like to come. A. when B. where C. whoever D. whenever41._ you work, you must always serve the people heart and soul.A. Wherever B. Whenever C. Where D. When42._you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty. A. Once B. At once C. Only D. Only then43._ difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month.A. No matter how B. No matter what C. No matter when D. No matter where44. We can su