情态动词专项训练.doc

情态动词的基本用法can,/ could may,/ might, , will /would, , shall /should, must, , ought to, used to need、 dare1. can (could)1) 表示能力，could主要指过去时间。例如： Two eyes can see more than one. Could the girl read before she went to school? 2) 表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 He cant (couldnt) have enough money for a new car. You mustnt smoke while youre walking around in the wood. You could/might start a fire.（3） Where can (could) they have gone ? (4) His coat is still here. He cant have left.(5) The test was so easy. I could have got full marks, but I was too careless.（虚拟语气） 3) 表示允许。例如： Can/Could/May/Might I have a look at your new pen? He asked whether he could take the book out of the readingroom. 4）“有时会” It can be very cold here in winter. She can be very touch sometimes.2may (might) 1) 表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。例如： You may take whatever you like. May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 2) 表可能（事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。例如： He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。Can/Could he be at home now? (May he be at home now?错)3. must1) 表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。例如： -Must we hand in our exercise books now? -No, you neednt. / No, you dont have to. 2) 表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。例如： He looks so pale. He must be ill.(,isnt he? ) Water was rushing past their house. It must have been 10 meters deep.(,wasnt it?)Must have done cant/couldnt have done sth. may/might have done sth may not have done (见到mustnt have done sth就排除)4shall 1）=will 用于一人称I /We shall/will2) 表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。例如： Shall I get you some tea? Shall the boy wait outside? 3) 表 “命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。例如： You shall do as I say. 按我说的做。（命令） You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答复。（允诺）(3) According to our agreement, 30%of the money shall come to our company.5 should1) 表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。例如： You should be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应该有礼貌。 You shouldnt waste any time. 你不应该浪费时间。2) 表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。例如： The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors. They should be home by now. 照说他们现在应当已经到家了。3)（表示不确定）万一。例如： If I should/were to see him, I would tell him the news. 万一我见到他，我就告诉他。 If it should/were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be postponed. 4)表惊讶“居然”Its a pity /strange that he should have been so rude to a lady. 6 will 1) 表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。例如： I will do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。 None is so blind as those who wont see. 不愿看的人眼最瞎。 If you will read the book, Ill lend it to you. 如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。2) 表请求，用于疑问句。例如： Please close the window, will you? Wont you drink some more coffee? 3) 表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。例如： Fish will die out of water. The door wont open. 这门打不开。(3) She will listen to music in her room alone for hours.(常常会)4）表纯粹的将来。 He will turn 20 tomorrow. Go out of the garden, and you will see the castle on the left.5) 临时决定 -Have you posted the card for me? -Sorry, I forgot. I will post it after class.7. would1) 表意愿。例如：: They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. I said I would do anything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事。2) 表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。例如： Would you mind cleaning the window? They wouldnt have anything against it. 3) 表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。例如：:Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 8.ought to 1) 表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。例如： You are his father. You ought to take care of him.你是他父亲，应当管他。 You oughtnt to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。2) 表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。例如： Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韩梅该知道他的电话号码。 Theres a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorrow. 3)表过去将来9. used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在不复发生或存在。 There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulled down. I usednt (didnt use) to smoke. 我过去不抽烟。j F Used you (Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你过去常步行去学校吗？10.特殊情态动词need和dare的用法：need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。1) 用作情态动词。例如：| You neednt telephone him now. 你现在不必打电话给他。 I dont think you need worry. 我想你不必发愁。 She dare not go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢一个人出去。 How dare you say Im unfair? 你竟敢说我不公平？_2) 用作实义动词。例如： You dont need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。 We need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告诉他们。 The table needs painting (to be painted.). 桌子需要油漆一下。 We should dare to give our own opinion. 我们要敢于提出自己的观点。 He did not dare (to) look up. 他不敢抬头看。 I dare say hell come again. 我想他会再来的。【注意】（I dare say为固定习语） 难点突破1) 情态动词+动词完成式 Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. He cant have missed the way. I drew him a map. The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it? I cant find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday. You could have told us earlier. With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night. You ought not to have made fun of him. He is not the one you laugh at but learn from.(11) -I wonder how Tom knew about your past. -He must / / may / might have heard of it from Mary.2) 情态动词+动词进行式 He must be playing basketball in the room .now She may be staying at home. now3) 情态动词+动词完成进行式 I didnt hear the phone .I must have been sleeping to discuss the problem.(then) He may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him.|三、几组词的辨异1. can 和be able toYesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. 昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。2. must和 have to I told her that she must give up smoking. 我叫她必须戒烟。We had to get everything ready that night. 我们那晚得把一切准备就绪。3. would和used to1）used to表示过去与现在或过去某时与后来的情况有不同，而would只表过去的情况。People used to think that the earth was flat.She would go out for a walk in the morning when she was in the country. 2）used to可表示过去的习惯动作和经常的情况，而would只表示过去的习惯动作。He used to would smoke while writing. 过去他写东西时常抽烟。She used to be fat. 她过去很胖。情态动词基础训练1. -Shall I tell John about it? -No, you _. Ive told him already. A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt 2. -There were already five people in the car, but managed to take me as well.5Fr -It _ a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 3. -Why didnt you come to see me? -I _, but I was too busy yesterday. A. like to B. should like to C. would like to have D. am going to4. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. would5. There was plenty of time; she _. A. mustnt have hurried B. neednt have hurried C. may not have hurried D. wouldnt have hurried6. -Is John coming by air? -He should, but _ not. He likes taking trains. A. must B. can C. need D. may7. -_ it be Li Ping who broke the glass? -No. It _ be Wang Hai who did it. A. Could; may B. Can; can C. May; must D. Can; must8. When the old man was alive, he _ sit for hours at the door. A. would B. could C. must D. might9. Jack, you _ play with the knife; you _ hurt yourself. A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt; must D. cant; should11. She _ into the thick forest alone on such a dark night A. dares not go B. dares not to go C. dare not to go D. doesnt dare to go12. My parents never remember my telephone number, and they always _ look it up. A. must B. can C. should D. have to13. -Where is Jack? I cant find him anywhere. -He _ his homework upstairs. A. might have done B. must have done C. might be doing D. must do14. He _ you more help, even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might give | C. may have given D. may give15. -If he _, he _ that food. -Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken16. -I hear youve got a set of valuable Australian coins. _I have a look ? -Yes, certainly. (2002春招)A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should17. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. (NMET98) They be ready by 12:00.A. can B. should C. might D. need18. Looking at my determined face, the big boy _ pick up the fight. A. dares not B. dare not C. doesnt dare D. dares not to情态动词高考题1. Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. （全国卷I）A. will B. would C. should D. must 2. Guess what! I have got A for my term paper. （上海卷）Great! You _ read widely and put a lot of work into it.A. mustB. shouldC. must have D. should have3. The teacher _have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldnt have wasted time on him, I suppose. （安徽卷）A. should B. can C. would D. must4. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you_ take care of your luggage. （北京卷）A. can B. may C. must D. will5. My MP4 player isnt in my bag. Where I have put it? （福建卷）A. canB. must C. should D. would6. The biggest problem for most plants, which _ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them. （湖南卷）A. shant B. cant C. neednt D. mustnt 7. She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam. （江苏卷）I guess so. Its not difficult after all.A. shouldB. could C. must D. might8. Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.You it in the wrong place. （江西卷）A. must put B. should have put C .might put D. might have put9. Turn off the TV, Jack. _ your homework now?Mum, just ten more minutes, please. （辽宁卷）A. Should you be doing B. Shouldnt you be doing C. Couldnt you be doing D. Will you be doing10. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her their. A. could B. mustC. might D. should11. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we go to work tomorrow. AcantBmustnt CneedntDshouldnt12. 一What does the sign over there read?一“No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”（四川Awill Bmay Cshall D. must13. My cats really fat. You _ have given her so much food. （浙江卷）A. wouldnt B. couldnt C. shouldnt D. mustnt 14. What do you think we can do for our aged parents?You _ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. （重庆卷）A. dont have to B. oughtnt to C. mustnt D. cant1. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometime. A. must B. can C. should D. would2. You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book. You _ find the book by the title.（湖南卷）A. must B. need C. can D. would 3. Im sorry. I _ at you the other day.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. （江苏卷）A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shoutedC. mustnt shoutD. mustnt have shouted4. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage B. could have managedC. could manage D. can have managed5. What a pity. Considering his ability and experience, he _ better. （江西卷）A. need have done B. must have doneC. can have done D. might have done6. Peter _ be really difficult at times even though he