定语从句用法总结学生版.doc

定语从句专项总结及练习Marks Best Friend Chapter 1. An Angel to ComeIn the long river of my life, there are countless persons _ pass me by, but there is a girl _ can touch my heart and enrich the journey of my soul. There is a girl _ words can always calm me down when I am in low spirits. There is a girl _ I can call my best friend and the memories _we made together will always be in the place_keeps our friendship.She is a unique and pretty girl _ eyes are crystal. Her black hairs caught my eyes on the first day _ we started my military training. The playground _we got the training witnessed the pure relationship like her crystal eyes during the first two years of my college life. On the day_the training was over, I spoke to her classmates on purpose in order to watch her face more clearly. 一 定语从句功能：修饰名词或代词（先行词），或整个句子，在句中作定语的从句。关系代词基本用法主语who/thatwhich/that不可以省略宾语whom/thatWhich/that可以省略定语whose+nwhose+n不可以省略the+n+of whomthe+n+of which 不可以省略1.Theres a man _(loves his family, _has dreams, _ is fighting for a better life for his family.)Theres a man (_loves English and teaching English, _ is willing to help his students to be better, _ can be your friend.)This man is called Mark, (_will hear your voice, _will be together with you, _ will lend a helping hand to you.)句式提炼：There is a man( ,person, woman, girl, boy) , who., who., who This man is ., who（用于写人类作文的首段）仿写There is a _2. 先行词是不是人,且从句缺主语或宾语的情况下,从句引导词为_或_.Winning that ticket was the best thing _ ever happened to me in my life.Dream is something _we must keep in our heart. Dream is something _can give us goals and energy.Dream is something_is worth fighting for. 句式提炼: A is something_(最常见的解释一个事物的句型，尤其可用作满足浙江最新高考开放式作文中的抽象话题，如dream, succes, failure, confidence ,love, friendship等抽象话题)仿写：Love is _English is a language _is beautiful and powerful and useful English is a language _ we must try our best to learn wellEnglish is a language _can help us make our dreams take wings 在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用whichThis is the very book I am looking for. Titanic is the best film that I have seen. All you have been doing will pay off. Is there anything that you want to tell me?Do you know the things and persons_they are talking about?规律总结：用that不用which的情况1） 先行词被以下词修饰时： ；2）先行词为以下词时： 3） 3. 宜用which而不用that的情况: Liu Xiang got injured in London Olympic Games , makes his fans heartbroken again.The book about you talk about is amazing.题组训练： 用that, which 填空。 1）This is the first lesson I will give you 2.All I want and need is friendship and understanding. 3.）There are so many smart girls and boys in this room, makes Jacky very excited. 4.）Jay and his songs are loved by many fans will appear in a talk show. 5.）（2013浙江）. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently. 6.）（2013北京）Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, make all the others upset. 4.“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。He is the only person in the room with I want to talk. English is a subject which I should focusHe spent 4 years in Zhejiang University, which he found a good job in Hangzhou.规律总结：用which而不用that的情况1） 确定关系代词 ：先行词指人，用“介词+ ，引导定从; 先行词若为物，用介词+ 2） 在确定介词： 还原法+固定搭配法规律总结： 先行词若是复数或是整体，其后定语从句的主语是先行词的一部分，引导词常为： the largest/best.of whom/which; one/twoof whom/which; some/many/mostof whom/which 等。1.)This summer holiday has two months, one of_ will be spent here to learn English.A.one of which. B.one of that. C. one of those. D.one of whom.2.)(2013湖南卷25).Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _ she spoke fluently. A. who B. whom C. which D. that 5.使用whose的情况及条件：_ Im a man _dream is little but great and has been kept in my heart.) Im a man _ parents are standing by my side . Im a man _ time is being spent realizing my dream.） 6. 使用关系副词的条件：when, where, why.6.1 There was a time _I was as young as you. There was a time _I was single and free. There was a time _I had colorful dreams句式提炼:There was a time when(用于叙述，回忆过去经历的作文，相当于sb /sth used to do/ be.)仿写：There is a time when_There must be one day when we can.(用于尾段表达坚定信心和向往)仿句：_6.2.There will be a place _ you can show your talent , _ you can breathe more freely , _ you can live a colorful and meaningful life .This place is my dream college.句式提炼:There is /was/ will be/must be a place _., _., _.This place is.仿句：There_6.3There is a reason_we study hard, _ we meet me here and study English ,_ you must keep on fighting.句式提炼:There is a reason_ ., _., _.(用于说明做某事必要性时可用)仿句：There is a reason _The reason _ we keep on fighting is _we must make our dreams take wings.句式提炼:The reason why. is _.仿句：_拓展写作句型（用作列举原因段落的主题句）The reasons why. can be listed as follows：To begin with Whats more/Besides/In addition. Last but not least,.仿句：_注意：1.This is the school I studied last year 2.This the school I visited last year.考点自我总结：(1)先行词必须是表示 ， ， 的名词；从句当中不缺少 (2)先行词可以是一些抽象地点，如 题组训练： 1.) (2013上海卷) . Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. as2.)2013江苏卷）.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval(暂停时间), _ the audience can buy ice-cream.A. when B. where C. that D. which3.)（2013山东卷）32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other.A. they B. where C. what D. that4.)（2013四川卷）17. The school shop, _ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays. A. which B. whose C. when D. where5.)（2013陕西卷）11.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. where C. who D. that7. 无先行词的定语从句用as和which( as, which 指代整个主句) 引导。规律总结：区别：意义上：as 意为 。位置上：as ： ； which： as引导的非限制性定语从句出现在一些固定结构中，as we know, as is often the case, as we expect, as is reported/said/believed/known/expected(据报道/说.)对比练习：用what， it， as, which 填空 is known, the earth is round, not flat. is known that the earth is roundHe didnt pass the exam, we had expected. （11福建）She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students， allows them to communicate freely with each other. Prince William and Kate Meddleton walked into the palace hall of wedding, made people in the UK excited. 二必须注意的问题1.定语从句和其他从句的区别（1）注意区别定语从句与强调句。It is the museum we visited last year.( 句) It was in the hotel we stayed last night.（ 句）考点自我总结： （2）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句中，that充当从句中的 可省略。同位语从句中，that不能充当任何成分，不可省，从句内容和前面的名词是一致的。I have a dream which one day I will travel around the world(改错) I have a dream is rooted in my heart.2.关系词在从句中省略的情况。1Everything you tell me is a lie. 2.Anyone wants to go a university should be hardworking.3.You are the very person to I want to talk. 4. He is admitted to a key university, makes me excited.考点自我总结：在限制性定语从句中，担当 成分的引导词可以省略。 非限制性定语从句关系词 ，介词前面的引导词 担当主语时引导词 ，3.先行词为way(方式)的定语从句。 题组训练1.The way he treated his stuents was accepted by many teachers. 考点自我总结：先行词为 ，且从句不缺少 ，关系词用 , 或 。2. I use the way he gave me to solve the problem.4.确定定语从句关系词方法考点自我总结：先看先行词是人，还是物；看从句中缺什么成分，缺什么，就补什么 检查有无特殊用法 5.定语从句前有时会出现插入语，独立结构，影响对从句成分的判断，注意辨别，如果是插入语，可以对其忽略不计。-Is that the small company you often refer to?-Right, just the one you know I used to work for years. A.that. B.which. C.as. D. where.三定语从句巩固性练习一）用适当关系词( that/ which/ who/whom/ whose/ when/ where / why)或介词+which/whom填空.4第 4 页 共 4 页1.Theres only two months_ are waiting for us to get prepared for the exams2.Id like to tell you something _ means a lot to you.3. They took care of the old man _ son lost his life in the fire.4 The old man_ you are talking about is a famous scientist.5 The old man about_ you are talking is a famous scientist.6.He has 3 houses, two of_ are near the West Lake.7.Our class has more than 30 students, half of_ are girls.8.The factory_ his brother works lies in the south of the city.9. The factory _ I visited yesterday lies in the south of the city.10.The old man _you are talking about is a famous scientist.11.I know the reason _ he came late. 12.The day _ I met the famous pop star was one of the greatest of my life . 13. The day _ I got married was one of the greatest of my life.14. I dont believe the reason _ he told me yesterday . 15. Do you know the reason _ the little boy named John cried so heavily.16.Dorothy always spoke highly of her role in the play ，of course, _made the others unhappy.17. He didnt pass the exam_ we expected.18.He is my favorite teacher, with_ help I have made progress.19._ want to tell you is that I will always support you20.He makes me believe everything will be better.二）定语从句情境练习A:Dear John,Its been a long time during _your mom and I can not see you around us. But all_ you should know is that we all love you and miss you more than you can imagine. we all know, the following year is a very important period for you you will keep on fighting for your dream of being admitted to a key university, the dream_is shared with me.Now, I will tell you something you have never known before. There was a time I also had a dream of studying in college. Sadly, I dropped out of school early and worked on a farm_ I spent 20 years. The reason_I quit my dream was that I lived in a poor family. So, the dream was gone with my passed youth.There is an old man will always give you invisible hands to help you stand up again when you fall down. There is an old man will stand by your side and give you courage to continue this dream of you and I .B:Theres a person in my life, _ brought me to the world, _ raised me up with his sweat and love. Theres a person in my life, _ always gives me the best things he has, _ devotes his whole life to me. For this , he gives up everything _he can, including his entertainment, sleep even his dream.There was a time_ he used to have his own dream, but he gave it up for me. Theres a time _ was young, but for me, he is growing older and older. Everything (all) _he have been doing is for me. The reason _ he does so is to make me receive better education and help me realize my dream.He is my father, _ gave birth to me, raised me with love, _ will always stand by my side, even though the whole world deserts me. He is my father, the greatest ordinary man on the earth , _ gives me courage, motivation and confidence. He told me: “ those _ stick to his dream and never give up will finally taste tears of success. _ we all know, a mans future can only be held in his own hands. Standing at the crossroads in my life, what should I do for him and me?As a senior 3 student, with the dream shared by my father and me, I must keep on fighting for it, overcome any difficulty even failures _ may appear on the road to my dream. Only those _ will always stick to their dreams and never quit and keep on fighting for it can finally make it. For my dream, I am determined to do anything_ I can do to make the dream take wings. I truly believe I can do it!三）定语从句真题练习2014真题1. 14江苏22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _ a good impression is a must.A. which B. when C. as D. where2. 14安徽22The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.A. When B. where C. why D. which3. 14福建31. Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth. A. who B. when C. which D. where4. 14湖南31.1 am looking forward to the daymy daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.A. as B. why C. when D. where5. 14山东10. A company _profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. A. which B. whose C. who D. why6. 14陕西13. Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.A. that B. which C. as D. what7. 14四川4. Until now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.A. that B. whichC. whoD. it8. 14天津12. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _ uses it differently.A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them9. 14重庆9. Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year. A. which B. where C. when D. what10. 14北京26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, _ my classmates recommended to me.A.whoB. which C. when D. Where11. 浙江卷5. I dont become a serious climber until the fifth grade, _ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. A. when B. where C. which D. why12. 14江西卷28. Among the many dangers_ sailors have to face , probably the greatest of all is fog .A. which B. what C. where D. when 13.（2013安徽卷） Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.A. it B. that C. what D. which14.（2013湖南卷）Happiness and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths. A. whomB. whoC. whatD. which15.（2013江西卷）He wrote a letter _ he explains what had happened in the accident.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. how16.（2013重庆卷）John incited abuout 40 people to his wedding, most of_are family membersA them B. that C.which D. whom17.（2013山东卷）There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science. A. asB. that C. when D. where 18.（2013山东卷）Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world. A. whenB. whereC. which D.