名词性从句要点梳理.doc

名词性从句要点梳理名词性从句，就是在句中起名词作用的从句，分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。现在我们对名词性从句的要点进行梳理，以帮助同学们理清脉络。要点一：连接词的选择1that与whatthat在句中无实际含义，不充当成分，只有在宾语从句中可以省略。但如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略。如：He said(that)he was hurt by her words and that he would not come back againthat引导的主语从句为避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放到后面。what是连接代词，相当于the thing(s)that，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。例1 You cant imagine how funny it isIm dealing with used to be your problemAwhich Bthat Cwhat Dwhatever【解析】答案为C。宾语从句缺少主语，不可选that。本句句意为“我在处理曾经属于你的问题”。选C。例2 -Jack is promoted again-Well，theres no doubt he will be qualified for his future position Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dwhether【解析】答案为C。本句句意为“毫无疑问他会胜任未来的职位”。考查同位语从句句型“There isno doubt that”，类似句型有“It is no wonder (that)”。例3 is said failure is the mother of success，and I think is said by our wise ancestors is true AIt；that；what BAs；that；that CWhat；that；it DIt；不填；as【解析】答案为A。考查主语从句，it是形式主语，what在后半句中作主语。2whether与ifwhether和if均可引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。但以下几种情况只能用whether不能用if：引导主语从句，位于句首；引导表语从句、同位语从句；位于介词后及whetheror not结构中。例4一Can you tell me how to study English? 一That depends on you want to make some efforts Aif Bthat Cwhy Dwhether【解析】答案为D。on为介词，后不可以用ifo3“wh- + ever”类连接词“wh- + ever”类连接词，如连接副词whenever，wherever和代词whoever，whomever，whatever，whichever等，意为“无论”，不表示疑问。例5一 you give a woman，she will make it greater 一I cant agree moreIf you give her a house，she11 give you a home AWhat BWhatever CWhich DWhichever【解析】答案为B。考查主语从句。在有范围的情况下用whichever，否则用whatever。要点二：名词性从句与虚拟语气“It is suggestedordereda pitynecessarystrangenaturalthat”构成的主语从句，以及表示命令、建议、要求的动词(如suggest，propose，order，advise，insist，demand，command等)后加宾语从句，谓语常用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气形式。这些动词的名词形式加从句，也用虚拟语气。例6 She insisted that she innocent and blamed Awas；cant be Bis；shouldnt be Cwas：shouldnt be Dbe；shouldnt be【解析】答案为C。insist意为“坚决要求(应该做某事)”时，才用虚拟语气。要点三：名词性从句的语序无论哪种名词性从句都应使用陈述句语序，但当一个特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，且特殊疑问句在句中作主语时，语序不变。例7 Did he suggest you where the report when you finish? Ashould you put Byou put Cwill you put Dyou to put【解析】答案为B。省略了should的陈述句语序。例8 I really have no idea how much Ashe spends each month Bshe spentCdoes she spend each month Ddid she spend each month【解析】答案为A。用陈述句语序，并需要注意时态。要点四：名词性从旬的主谓一致问题单个的从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如果是两个或两个以上的从句作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。在宾语从句中，谓语动词的时态受主句谓语动词的影响。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中的谓语动词可以用各种时态；如果主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，则从句中谓语动词只能用过去时的某种形式，但如果从句表达的是客观事实则不受此影响。例9 A latest report American colleges are spending more on recreational facilities for students caused my attentionAas：have Bwhich；has Cthat；has Dwhy；have【解析】答案为C。本题考查that引导的同位语从句，同时考查单个的从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。例10 I dont think Anna deserves the prize she got， ? Adont I Bdo I Cdoesnt she Ddoes she【解析】答案为D。在think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等动词后面的宾语从句中，否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。此外，主句的主语为第一人称时，反义疑问句和从句保持一致，否则和主句保持一致。要点五：名词性从句与其他从句的辨析例11 The news he has gone abroad came around， made us astonished Awhich；that Bthat；that Cthat；which Dwhich；it【解析】答案为c。前半句为同位语从句，后半句为定语从句。同位语从句是解释说明前面的名词的内容的。这类名词通常有news，information，fact，idea，suggestion等，而且连词that在从句中不作成分，没有任何意义，不可以省略。定语从句是修饰先行词(句)的，关系代词which在从句中作主语。例12 It was at the end of the Middle Ages Shakes