动宾结构与系表结构的不同之处.docVIP

动宾结构与系表结构的不同之处 Teaching procedure:Step One Preperation and Organization 1.Write the following sentences on the blackboard. Ready for class. What a beautiful park ! We are in Class Four ,Grade One. Study hard . They gave Kangkang some presents for his birthday.Teachers like students. He looks like his mother. He is a docter. They can sing and dance. The teacher made him mornitor. Oh,you look so beautiful !2.Greeting.Step Two Prezentation ,Pratise and Explanation 1.Show the cards of the words of the parts of speech and components of sentence ,read after the teacher。主语（subject）、谓语（predicat）、宾语（object）、表语（predicative）、定语（attribute）、状语（adverbial）、宾语补助语（object compliment）、直接宾语（direct object）、间接宾语（indirect object）、连系动词（link verb）、不及物动词（intransitive verb）、及物动词（transitive verb），名词（noun）、动词（verb）、形容词（adjective）、副词（adverb）、数词（numeral）、代词（pronoun）、介词（preposition）、连词（conjunction）、感叹词（interjection）、冠词（article）。2. Explain the meaning of the words of the parts of speech. 1) noun (名词) ：指人或事物的名称。例如：boy , picture , grade .2) verb (动词) ：表示动作或状态。例如：have , look , know . 3) adjective (形容词)：用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征。例如：small , short .4) article (冠词) ： 用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。例如：a , an , the .5) pronoun (代词) ：用来代替名词、形容词、数词。例如：I , one , which , mine , this .6) numeral (数词)：表示数量或顺序。例如：one , ten , second .7）adverb (副词)：修饰动词、形容词或其它副词。例如：always , very .8) preposition (介词)：表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系。例如：from , in , on .9) conjunction (连词)：用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句。例如：and , but , or .10) interjection (感叹词)：表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等感情，例如：oh , dear , hey .3. Explain the meanings of components of sentence.1) subject（主语）：一个句子的主要成分，也是句子所述说的主体。它一般放在句首，表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事” “什么物”。 一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或短语等充当。2) predicat（谓语）: 表述主语的动作或状态。说明主语 “做什么” 、“是什么”或“怎么样”，一般由动词或动词短语充当，通常在主语之后。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。3）predicative(表语)：表述主语的性质、特征、状态、身份等，说明主语是“是什么”或“怎么样”， 由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词组或短语等充当。表语位于连系动词之后，与之构成系表结构。4）object (宾语)：句子中动作的承受者，在及物动词后面，和及物动词一起说明主语“做什么” (不及物动词后面不需要宾语)，宾语由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或短语等充当。有的动词后面可接双宾语，包括常用来指人的间接宾语和常用来指物的直接宾语。5）object complement (宾语补助语）:用来补充说明宾语的特征、状态或身份，主要由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或不定式（短语)等充当。6）attribute (定语)：用来修饰名词或代词，通常由形容词、代词、数词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式（短语) 或相当于形容词的词组或短语充当。7）adverbial (状语)：用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等，一般由副词、名词、介词短语、不定式（短语) 或相当于副词的词组或短语来充当。Step Three Prezentation and AnalyzeAnalyze the sentences on the blackboard, using the words of the parts of speech and components of sentence, explain their meaning and relation among them.Such as:1. 动宾结构2) 副词修饰动词，作状语 . s+v+advWe study hard.3）情态动词+动词原形=合成谓语 s+m+v+conj+vThey can sing and dance.4) 名词作主语、宾语，及物动词作谓语。s+v+oTeachers like students.5) 代词作主语，及物动词作谓语，人是间宾，物是直宾，介词短语作目的状语。 s+v+io+doThey gave Kangkang some presents for his birthday.6) 使役动词后接复合宾语，及宾语带上补助语。s+v+o+coThe teacher made him monitor.2. 系表结构7) 代词作主语，名词做表语，系表结构。 link v+p He is a docter.8) 系表结构，介词短语做表语。 link v+p We are in Class Four,Grade One.9) 系表结构，介词短语做表语。link v+pHe looks like his mother.10) 感叹词，系表结构，形容词做表语，副词修饰形容词。link v+p Oh,you look so beautiful !Step Four SummurizeSummurize the sentences on the blackboard, using the five basic sentence structures, then give some examples.Such as:1) S + V ( 主 + 谓 )The bus is coming .S VMaria is singing and dancing .S V2) S + V + O ( 主 + 谓 + 宾 )Micheal hurt his right leg .S V OKangkang made a silent wish .S V O3) S + V + IO + DO ( 主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾 )They give Kangkang many presents .S V IO DOSanta Claus give the children a lot of presents .S V IO DO注一：直接宾语指物、间接宾语指人。如果“间接宾语”是代词，则放在“直接宾语”之前；如果“直接宾语”是代词，则放在“间接宾语”之前，间接宾语要由介词引导，介词可用“to”或“for”等。4) S + V + P ( 主 + 系 + 表 )My school life is very interesting .S V PYou are in England .S V P注二：常见的连系动词有：be, 表示变化的动词有：become, turn, get, keep，ect. 感观动词有：look，see，watch，notice，smell,taste,sound,听(listen)、感(feel) ，ect. 使役动词有：使(make)、让( let) 、帮(help)、要求(ask)、叫(tell)、命令(order)。5) S + V + O + OC ( 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补 )I ll get someone to check it right now .S V O OCHow can we make the traffic safer ?AD V S V O OCLet us celebrate Kangkangs birthday .V O OC注三： “使役动词”和“感观动词”要带复合宾语，及宾语和宾语补助语（简称宾补），宾补用来补充说明宾语，虽然宾补与宾语形成逻辑的主谓关系，但毕竟不是宾语从句，因此没有人称、数、时态变化，可用带或不带“to”的动词不定式或现在分词等非谓语形式。Step Five Project and Homework 1. Analyze the following ,which is action? which is statement?春天来了，阳光灿烂，万物复苏，树叶翠绿，花儿竞相开放，鸟儿争鸣，白天越来越长，夜晚越来越短。春天真美丽! 我们玩得好开心。2.Divide the following according to the sentence structures VP(系表结构) and VO(动宾结构).Spring is coming . The sun shines brightly . Everything comes to life . The flowers are blooming . The birds are singing . The trees turn green . The flowers are blooming . The birds are singing . The days are getting longer and longer. The nights are getting shorter and shorter . Spring is very beautiful! We are enjoying ourselves .3. Analyze which o