课件-初中英语-定语从句.doc

初中英语中的定语从句（一）基础讲解篇前言 ：教学目的 1 了解定语从句及其要素。 2 了解定语从句的基本识别方法和翻译方法。从而读懂定语从句。适用阶段 初学者 正文；一、定语从句及其组成部分1 定语从句的定义（1）在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。即一个句子做一个名词或代词的定语。（2）相关定义解释a 名词 表示人或事物的名称。b 代词：用来代替名词、形容词或数词。如，he she it this that等c 定语：修饰，名词或代词的成分。A smart boy d 句子：又谓语出现，有实义动词出现，就是句子。一个句子当中有且只有一个实义动词，即有且只有一个谓语。2 定语从句的要素（1）先行词 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。China is a country that has a large population.The computer game that he is playing is his favorite.（2）关系词 引导定语从句的词，可以是副词where，when；也可以是as，which，that。China is a country that has a large population.The computer game that he is playing is his favorite.（3）主句 China is a country that has a large population.The computer game that he is playing is his favorite（4）定语从句China is a country that has a large population.The computer game that he is playing is his favorite二 定语从句的翻译方法 （如何看懂定语从句）1 关系词的基本翻译方法（1）关系代词a that 无意义b which 无意义c as 正如，像一样（2）关系副词a when 在那时b where 在那里2翻译定语从句的几个步骤例China is a country that has a large population.（1）找出关系词 关系词为“that” （2）找出先行词。that之前的名词或代词是先行词。此句中先行词为country。（3）找出关系词引导的定语从句。关系词引导的定语从句在关系词之后。此句话中定语从句为“that has a large population”（4）找出主句，先翻译主句。主句为“China is a country”。中国是一个国家。（5）在翻译从句。定语从句“that has a large population”是修饰先行词“country”的。也就是说这句话的意思是中国是一个（）的国家。（）内是定语从句的内容。（6）定语从句的意思是“有着巨大的人口”。全文的意思应该是中国是一个（有很多人口）的国家。3 练习 请判断下列句子是否是定语从句，找出下列句子的主句，从句，先行词，引导词，并翻译该句。（1）He is a friend who can help you in time of need.a 是否是定语从句b 主句为何c 从句为何d先行词为何e引导词为何f 翻译该句（2）This is the only one of these books that is worth reading.问题同上（3）The man who talked to you just now is my father. 同上（4）They thought too much about what I had said. 同上（5）He never reads anything th