状语从句-综合版.docVIP

状语从句1. 时间状语从句引导词：when, as, while, after, before, as soon as, till, until, whenever， hardlywhen/ no soonerthan(都是“一就”的意思， 注意：hardly和no sooner后面用过完，when和than后面用过去式)等Eg: 我们一到家，天就开始下雨We had hardly got home when it began to rain.= We had no sooner got home than it began to rain.此两句还可以倒装，变成：Hardly had we got home when it began to rain.No sooner had we got home than it began to rain.Trans: 他一到实验室，就开始着手做实验？He had no sooner got to the lab when he set out(过去式) to do the experiment.时间状语从句几个重要的知识点:1. 比较until和till 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是做某事直至某时，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是直至某时才做某事。动词为瞬间性动词。 肯定句： I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 They will wait under the roof of the shop until / till the rain stops. Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。 否定句： She didnt arrive until 6 oclock. 她直到6点才到。 Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 I didnt manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。注意：1. Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。 (2)Not until 在句首，主句用倒装。直到。才。（从句）Not until he failed in the exam （主句）did he begin to realize the importance of English study.Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.(3) It is not until that I .不用倒装 （not until放在强调句里，倒装取消）It is Not until he failed in the exam that he began to realize the importance of English study. （不再倒装了）2. 比较while, when, as 1）as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或 while。When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.3）从句表示随时间推移连词能用as，不用when 或while。As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。3. Before的用法（难点）：a) Before在肯定形式It will be/ It was / It had been + a long time before：“要过很久才”1 It will be five years before we meet again.要等5年我们才能再见面。（见面动作发生在将来）2. It had been / was 5 years before we met again.过了5年的时间我们才又见上了一面。(见面动作发生在过去)3. It will be many hours before he makes a decision. 4. It had been / was three months before the police caught the robber.5. We had waited / waited a long time before the train arrived.我们等了很长时间火车才到达。b) Before在否定形式中：It wont be/ It wasnt / It hadnt been + a long time before “没过多久就”1I hadnt waited long before he came.我没有等多久他就来了。2I hadnt gone a mile before I felt tired. 还没有走一英里，我觉得疲劳了。翻译： 1 不久，他就要出国。It won t be long before he goes abroad.2. 要过很久他才能下班回来。It will be a long time before he comes back from work. 过了很久他才最终找到一份工作。It had been / was a long time before he finally found a job.4. 没过多久我就收到了你的信。It hadnt been a long time before I received your letter.4. While/ as = at the same time as 当时# while 从句谓语只能用延续性动词 Strike while the iron is hot. While I was writing an essay, he came to see me.# as 强调较短的时间间隔，意思是“一边一边” As I listened to the report, I took some notes. As time went by, he came to realize the importance of learning a foreign language.*2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。Where I live there are plenty of trees.我住的地方树很多。Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。Please put the book where it belongs.Remember to to put the book where it is after reading it.3. 原因状语从句原因状语从句 比较：because, since, as和for Because 1） #because语气最强 # 重点在从句#只能用because来回答why提出的问题。 I didnt go, because I was afraid. -Why do you come to school late? - Because I got up late this morning. Since / as# Since 一般表示对方已知的，无须说明的既成事实的理由。相当与as it is the fact that# since语气比because 弱，相当与“既然”# as 表示“由于”# 表示已知, 或十分明显的原因。Since the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.The book helped her as it contains a list of interview questions.for 表原因#语气最弱# 是对主句的补充说明，或是一种推断，通常放在主句之后。He must be studying now, for the light is still on.It must have rained yesterday, for the ground is wetHe must be ill, for he is absent today.Exercises:1. she doesnt look healthy _ she eats too little.2. _ you were not interested, I am not going to say something more.3. _ Tom was the oldest, he looks after the others.4. She must be playing outside now, _ she isnt in her home.4.目的状语从句表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, in case等词引导，例如：You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.5.结果状语从句结果状语从句常由so that 或 suchthat引导，（意思是： 如此。以至于。）掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。比较：so和 such其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。so foolishsuch a foolso nice a flowersuch a nice flower so many / few flowers such nice flowersso much / little money such rapid progressso many peoplesuch a lot of people （ so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。） sothat与suchthat之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。 The boy is so young that he cant go to school. He is such a young boy that he cant go to school6.条件状语从句连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, as far as 等。unless = if not. Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired.If you are not too tied, lets go out for a walk.典型例题You will be late _ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. ifD. or答案A。 句意：除非你立即走，否则你就回迟到的。可转化为 If you dont leave immediately, you will be late.B、D句意不对，or表转折，句子如为 You leave immediately or you will be late.7.让步状语从句though, although , no matter how, no matter what注意： 当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用Although its raining, they are still working in the field.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。He is very old, but he still works very hard.虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。 （谚语）典型例题1） _she is young, she knows quite