定语从句学习方法与技巧.doc

定语从句学习方法与技巧在句子中起定语作用的从句叫定语从句。定语从句放在它所修饰的名词或代词的后面。它所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。一、定语从句中关系代词（引导词）的用法。1、that:指物偶尔也指人（特别是主语是who时，就一定用that）(在从句中作主语或宾语)。如：1). Who is the person that is standing at the gate?先行词 关系代词 定语从句(主语)译:站在门口的那个人是谁？2) This is the film that we talked about last nitht. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句（做宾语）译：这是我们昨天晚上谈到的那部电影。2、which 指物，在定语从句中作定语或宾语。如:1) The film which we saw last night was wonderful.(作宾语)昨天晚上我们看的那部电影好看极了。2) This is the novel which is written in English .(which 在句中作主语)这是一部用英语写的小说。3、who指人，在从句中作主语；whom指人，在从句中作宾语，whose表示所属关系（某某的）。如:1) The boy who is playing on the grass is her brother. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句（作主语）在草地上玩的男孩是她的弟弟。2) The comrade whom you want to see has come.(作宾语)。你想见到的那位同志已经回来了。3) Wei Fang is the student whose hand-writing is the best in our class.(表示所属关系)魏芳是我们班书法最好的学生。二、关系副词的用法1、when指时间（在从句中作时间状语）如:Ill never forget the day when I joined Youth League.我将不会忘记我入团的那一天。2、where 指地点（在从句中作地点状语）如：This is the housewhere I lived two years ago.先行词定语从句这是两年前我住过的房子。3、指原因（在从句中做原因状语，常用在reason之后）.如：That is the reasonwhywe must go now.这是我们必须去的理由。三、whom,which在定语从句中做介词宾语时，介词可以放在whom,which的前面。如:1) This is the room in which we lived last year.这是我们去年住过的房间。2）Who is the comrade with whom you just shook hands.刚才和你握手的同志是谁？四、that 和which 指物时，可以互相交换使用，但是，在下列情况时必须使用that.1、先行词是all, everything , nothing , something, anything, little时，必须用that.如1）There is nothing that I can do. 没有我能干的事。2）That is all that I know. 我知道的就是这些。2、先行词前面有序数词修饰时，必须用that如：He is the first person that can help me 先行词他是最能帮助我的人。3、先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时，必须用that.如:This is one of the most interesting films that I have ever seen. 最高级这是我所看过的最有趣的一部电影。附：定语从句，我能行。( )1.There was a boy gave me something very important. A.where B.whom C.who( )2.Luckily ,a man _ understood pu-tong-hua told the driver where we were going. A.who B.whom C.where( )3.The boy we met last year has joined the army. A.where B.which C.whom( )4.We had lunch on a boat is called a “floating restaurant.” A.which B.when C.who( )5.The bus has number “5” on it goes there. A.who B.that C.which( )6.The man is standing near the door is my teacher. A.whom B.who C.which( )7.This is the novel I have written . A.who B.whom C.that( )8.The first lesson we learned last week was very difficult. A.which B.that C.who( )9.Is there anything you want to buy? A.which B.who C.that( )10.we took a taxi to the city my aunt lives. A.that B.where C.which( )11.The second place we visited was West Lake in Hang Zhou. A.that B.where C.which( )12.Ill never forget the days we studies together. A.that B.which C.when( )13.Those leave the room last should turn off the lights. A.who B.which C.that( )14.The money will be used to help the people lost their homes in the big earthquake. A. which B.whose C. who( )15.The girl schoolbag was lost is my sister. A.who B.whose C.which( )16.I like the second football match was held last week. A.which B.who C.that( )17.He is a man of great experience, much can be learned. A.from whom B.that C.from which( )18.He has two brothers , work as teachers. A.two of whom B.both of whom C.all of whom( )19.He has a friend father is a doctor. A.whose B.who C.where( )20.Who can think of a situation(位置) this idion(成语) can be used? A.which B.that C.where( )21.Do you know the man name is John? A.whos B.whose C.who( )22.Dont go to the place there are many people. A.which B.who C.where( )23.Jack, there is someone in the office would like to talk with you.