翻译与写作--词组.doc

（北京XJZ英语强化班讲义，谁有医学考博英语试题给俺发发一些，谢谢）E-mail: 谢谢！英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组一、ZhengZhi（搞没高措，这样的词汇也屏蔽！）类：把捐给慈善机构donate to charities 把看成社会公敌look upon as a threat to society 把列为基本国策list.as fundamental national policies把作为指导take as the guide 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice 把握大局 grasp the overall situation 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness 保护妇女权利不受侵犯 guarantee (protect) womens rights against infringement 采取各种措施 adopt various measures参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs 充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength 打破僵局 break the deadlock 打破禁区break off a forbidden zone得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion 锻造一支人民军队 forge a peoples army 对具有深远的影响have a far-reaching impact on对做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government 高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner 给带来机遇和挑战present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to 根除 (防止,消除)*root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption观察当今世界observe the present-day world 缓和紧张状况ease the tension回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle 加快改革步伐accelerate the speed of reform加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 坚持改革开放政策adhere to the reform and open policy 坚持统一，反对分裂，增加persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase 了解，化解歧见 understanding and iron out differences 减轻农民负担alleviate farmers burden解放思想emancipate our minds解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing 解决新问题resolve new problems 进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world 进入新时期 enter a new period 进行和谈hold peace talks 进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment 就接受妥协accept a compromise on 开发西部remake the west开始生效 go into effect (enter into force) 开拓前进open up new ways forward 科教兴国rejuvenate our country through science and education理顺关系rationalize the relationship履行权利和义务 perform the responsibilities and obligations 迈出重要的一步 make an important step热爱和平 love peace 深化改革 deepen the reform 审时度势 size up the situation 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity 实现民族独立realize national independence 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes 实现小康目标 achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life 实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 实行新政策practice new policies 受到全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide 缩小差别bridge (narrow) the gap完成中华民族的振兴大业implement the revitalization of our nation维护世界和平maintain world peace 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations 下放权力给 delegate the management of . (to .) 响应号召 respond to the call修改法律 amend the laws宣布召开announce the opening of徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends 依法治国govern the country according to law引起全国的关注arouse the concern of the whole nation引起全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another 在中起(至关)重要作用 play a major (crucial, an important ) role in增强凝聚力enhance the rally power 增强综合国力和国际竞争enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international competitiveness展望伟大征程 look into the great journey 展现生机和活力 display ones vigor and vitality 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties 振兴西部revive the west振兴中华民族rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation政企不分mix up the functions of the government and enterprises 政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management 政务公开 make government affairs public主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action抓住机遇seize the opportunity转变政府职能transform (shift) the government functions 追求进步pursue progress 追求真理 seek the truth走进新时代march (stride) into the new era.遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform ones official duties遵循规则 follow the principles二、经济类爱岗敬业cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares 保证下岗职工的基本生活guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers 被指控接受贿赂be accused of accepting bribes采取不同的办法adopt various methods采取反垄断措施 take anti-monopoly measures 承担风险bear (take) risk筹集足够的资金raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)创收外汇earn foreign exchange (currency)刺激国内经济需求spur domestic demand 刺激国内需求stimulate domestic demand从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy 从国外引进先进技术和管理introduce from abroad the advanced technology and 经验 management expertise 促进地区间的合作promote regional cooperation促进改革promote reform 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy 打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering 打假take strong measures against fake and shoddy products(crack down on counterfeit goods)打破垄断break the monopoly对提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against对造成(构成)威胁 form (pose) a threat to 夺回失去的市场 take back lost market 发挥自身优势give full play to ones advantages 防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial risks 改善投资环境improve the environment for investment 赶超先进surpass the advanced给带来积极影响bring a more positive impact on 根据市场作出调整gear ourselves to the market orientation 公证财产 notarize the properties 和达成(签订)协议 reach (sign) an agreement with 和进一步合作 further cooperation with 和有合作关系have cooperative ties with 活跃市场enliven the market集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 计算出准确的工资水平figure out an exact salary level加快经济发展和结构调整speed up economic development and restructuring 加快竞争步伐accelerate the competition加快努力 speed up efforts 加强风险防范prepare oneself against possible risks 加强管理 reinforce the management减缓通货紧缩的压力ease the seriousness of deflation减轻的负担reduce (lighten) the burden of (on) 减员增效 downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency 剪彩 cut the ribbon 解除劳动关系 sever labor relation 解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces (free the productivity)精简机构 streamline government organs 竟争上岗compete for the post举报非法行为 disclose any illegal activities开辟更多渠道open more channels开发(青睐)中国市场 tap (favor) the Chinese market 开拓市场exploit markets 控制通货膨胀control inflation (keep inflation under control) 扩大贫富差距widen the gap between the rich and the poor扩大消费市场expand consumption market留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary 面对可能的压力和竞争face possible pressure and competition 牟取暴利seek excessive profits平衡经济(的发展)balance economy取缔非法收入 ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings) 让处于同一起跑线put on the same platform and at the same starting point 让位于竞争需要give way to the need for competition 申请专利apply for a patent实现目标realize the goal适应的发展adapt oneself to the development of损失惨重suffer great losses 缩小不平衡状态decrease the imbalance 缩小间的距离narrow the gap between 提高公务员工资raise the salaries of civil servants提高管理水平 raise the management level提高居民生活 improve residents standard of living调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure 推广科研成果 turn laboratory achievements into commercial (mass) production (commercialize laboratory achievements) 退还大量钱款give back an amount of money脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity 完善服务 perfect services为带来多种经济和社会效益bring multiple economic and social benefits to 为提供巨大商机 present huge business opportunities 吸收游资 absorb idle fund吸引外商投资attract foreign investment 下海 plunge into the commercial sea 陷入困境land oneself in deep trouble 向投资巨额资金invest huge amounts of money into 消灭假冒伪劣产品wipe out fake products 以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of equality 优胜劣汰select the superior and eliminate the inferior 优先发展公共运输 give priority to the development of public transportation 有巨大潜力have huge potential for 与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market 在建立分公司 set up branches in 造成很大压力 pose a big pressure on 造成损失cause a loss to增加农业投入invest more in agriculture占领市场10%occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market 招商引资 attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas) 制订法律make a law of 制定优惠政策work out favorable policy制造假象create smoke screens to do 阻碍的经济发展 handicap (hamper) the economic development 阻止人才流失stop the talent flight (brain drain)遵循市场经济的规律follow the law of market economy 三、文化生活类把列为世界自然文化遗产 list as a world natural heritage site摆架子(摆谱儿) put on airs (show off, keep up appearances)保护文化遗产protect cultural heritage (relics)博采各国文化之长draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries不注重历史 neglect history 采取保护态度take protective attitude承担应有的义务undertake the due obligations承前启后，继往开来 build on the past and prepare for the future, inherit the past and usher in the future充分发挥知识分子的积极性give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals 和创造性 触击现行法律的盲区touch a blank area of the existing law创建卫生城市 build a nationally advanced clean city 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old year and ring in the new) 从事电子商务工作conduct e-commerce 促进儿童身心健康发展promote the healthy development of children both physicallyand mentally促进交流 promote the communication促进文化市场健康发展facilitate the sound development of the markets for culturalproducts促进相互了解enhance (further) mutual understanding得到群众的广泛支持enjoy grass-root support 抵住的诱惑resist the temptation of 对持欢迎态度take a welcoming attitude to对情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to 发挥的聪明才智develop ones own talents and wisdom发挥潜力tap ones potential繁荣文学艺术enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishingliterature and art反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture of China放下架子 relinquish haughty airs (get off ones high horse, throw off ones airs) 腐蚀人的灵魂poison ones mind 改进教学improve teaching and learning给学生减负alleviate the burden on students 和持相同观点share views similar to互派访问学者exchange visiting scholars激发旅游热情stimulate enthusiasm for traveling继承历史文化优秀传统carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions加强文化基础设施建设build more cultural establishments讲诚信，反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating 交换意见exchange views (ideas, opinions)教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people 经受住暴风雨的考验weather the storm 精心编写教材compile the textbooks with great care净化因特网purify the Net 举办文化节(展览会)hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition)举行学术会议hold an academic meeting 开创假日经济 initiate Holiday Economy开发潜力exploit ones potential 开阔视野widen ones vision (horizon) 开设课程offer courses开展对外文化交流conduct cultural exchange with other countries开展群众性文化活动carry out mass activities on culture攀登事业的高峰climb ones career ladder评估学业成绩evaluateacademic scores (achievements)破除迷信eradicate superstition 普及九年制义务教育 make nine-year compulsory education universal 普及科普知识，传播科学 popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread 思想，倡导科学精神 scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit 启发学生enlighten the students容纳三千名旅客 accommodate 3000 passengers扫除文盲eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy 上网get on (have access to, be wired to) Internet实施以德育为核心、以创新carry on the quality education centering on moral education 精神和实践能力为重点的 and emphasizing creativity and practice素质教育 使英语达到更高水平push ones English to a higher level 受到的关注 receive attention from疏导游客divert tourists疏通关系lubricate relationships树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image 刷卡, 划卡 punch the card; stamp the card 陶冶情操 cultivate ones taste (temperament) 提倡文明的生活方式advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)提高公务员的综合素质improve the overall quality of civil servants 提高全民反毒品的意识raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs提高知名度 raise ones prestige提供受教育机会offer a chance of education通过资格考试pass qualification examinations透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence 推动人类文明进步push forward human civilization挖墙脚 undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sbs feet) 物质文明,精神文明一起抓 pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural (ethical) progress 相互促进help each other forward向世界展示中国文化建设introduce Chinas achievements of cultural advancement to 的成就the world向学生传授知识impart knowledge to students消除误解clear up misunderstanding 消除愚昧eliminate ignorance形成文明、健康、崇尚科学 form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice的社会风尚 以全新的面貌进入新世纪 enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude 引起激烈争论spark a hot debate营造良好的文化环境create a healthy cultural environment影响身心健康affect physical and psychological health有力地推动教育的发展give a big push to the development of education与各国人民交往communicate with people of all countries增强自我保护意识strengthen ones awareness of protecting ones right找工作hunt for a job值得重视(关注)deserve ones attention 制止盗版软件control the pirated software重视(优先考虑)教育发展give priority to the development of education重视实用性place stress on practicality尊重知识，尊重人才respect knowledge and respect competent people四、科技环保类 帮助减缓全球变暖速度 help slow down the pace of global warming保持生态平衡keep ecological balance保持水土preserve soil and water保护和改善生活和生态环境 protect and improve the living environment and the 保护珍稀野生动植物 protect rare wild animals and plants保留为自然耕地 reserve as natural farmland 采用环保技术adopt environmental protection technique采用新的开采方法 apply new exploitation methods参加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city参加环保运动 take part in environmental protection activities产生巨大的水文效应 produce great hydrological effects崇尚绿色生活方式 pursue a “green” life创造良好的生态环境create a pleasant ecological environment促进城市可持续发展 promote the sustainable development of the city发展太阳能 develop solar energy防治污染 prevent and control pollution非常注重保护森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest改善生态环境improve the eco-environment (ecological environment)关闭化工厂 close chemical plants加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control加强城市绿化strengthen the greening of the city加强环境保护strengthen environmental protection 加强生态建设improve the eco-construction加强水土保持reinforce the conservation of water and soil坚持门前三包制度 adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area”减少机动车辆 reduce the number of vehicles减少浪费 reduce waste揭开人类生命的奥秘decode the secret of human life进一步加快环保规划 further speed up environmental protection plans禁止露天焚烧 prohibit burning out in the open开展保护野生动物宣传教育advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals开展绿色活动advocate green activities扩建管道网络 expand the pipe network普及环保知识popularize environmental protection knowledge窃取密码snatch password窃取知识产权lift intellectual property 实行严格的机动车排放标准 implement strict vehicle emission standards使电脑死机crash computers 使用再生纸 use recycle paper探索的奥秘probe the mysteries of 淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉 eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers提高环境管理水平raise the environmental management level提高居民的环保和生态意识 improve residents environmental and ecological awareness 提高清洁能源的比重 increase the supply of clean energy resources投放电脑病毒unleash viruses完善城市基础设施建设 perfect the construction of urban infrastructure为大量野生动植物提供栖息地 provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants为人类提供水和食物 supply water and food for human beings享受国家一级保护enjoy first-class protection of the State削减污物排放 decrease the disposal of pollutants抑制传染病的传播strain the spread of infectious diseases 引发一系列的问题 result in a series of problems预防爱滋病蔓延prevent the widespread of AIDS增强环境意识enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection战胜非典defeat SARS 治理沙地和水土流失问题 tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion注重节约资源 attach importance to saving resources五、人口类不服从父母 disobey their parents倡导人力资源管理 advocate the management of human resources调查性和婚姻状况 conduct a survey on sex and marriage对子女寄予厚望 pin great hopes on their children反映人们的私生活 reflect peoples private lives鼓励创建文明家庭 encourage the idea of “Civilized Families”过孤独的生活 lead an isolated life坚持计划生育的基本国策 stick to the basic state policy for family planning 进行全国人口普查carry out national population census禁止他人作克隆人的实