高一情态动词专练.doc

高一英语情态动词讲义与专练一、概念情态动词一般不能单独使用，有其自己的意思。和另一谓语动词连用构成谓语。不同的情态动词有不同的意思及用法。二、情态动词分类表示能力：can be able to表示许可：can may表示必须：must have to ought to should表示虚拟：should could would 表示推测：must should can ought to need其它：dare shall will 三、情态动词的主要用法【表示能力】can to able to这两个都可以表示能力。can指单纯的表示一个人有某种能力。而be able to则表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事。另外be able to还可以用于各种时态；can只能用于现在或过去(could)。He can swim. Although he cant swim, yet he was able to cross the river.【表示许可】can ( could ) may ( might ) 可以表示许可。用它们的过去式，则语气更加委婉、客气。can主要用于第一、二人称。may主要用于第一人称。Can you finish your work tonight? Could I come to see you tomorrow?May I ask you a question? Might I use your pen for a while?注意：用May I征求对方的许可比较正式，语气比较客气；而用Can I.常用于口语中。【表示必须】must have to ought to should都可以表示必须、应该、必要。但它们用法各异。Must：表示要做什么的愿望是发自内心的主动的；I must study hard so that I can pass the entrance examinations of college.have to：指要做某事是被动的受某种压力而为的；I have to study hard or my father will beat me.ought to：表示应该、理应做什么；You ought to clean the classroom , for it is your turn today.Should：表示应该多含有责备之一。You should have cleaned the classroom yesterday, but you didnt.【表示虚拟】Should：用在表示请求、建议、命令等次后面的从句中，should可以省略。也可以用在if引导的条件状语从句中表示与将来事实可能相反。Would：用在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主句中。也可以用其它情态动词。【其它情态动词的用法】Need：作为情态动词表示“需要、必须”，仅用于否定句或疑问句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替。You neednt come so early. Need I finish the work today?Dare：作为情态动词主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句中，一般不用于肯定句中。How dare you say Im unfair. He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?I dare say 是一个固定搭配。表示“我猜测，可能、或许”后面一般跟从句。I dare say he will come. shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见(说话人做某事)。What shall we do this evening?用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。Shall we begin our meeting?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。You shall fail if you dont follow my advice. (警告)He shall have the book when I finish reading. (允诺)He shall be punished for what he has done. (威胁) will一般用于第二人称表示请求、建议对方做某事；如果用would语气就更加委婉。Will you pass me the dictionary? Would you pass me the dictionary?也可以表示意愿、愿望和决心。I will never do that again.They asked me if I would do that again. had better“最好做什么”- Youd better go now. - Yes, we had. would rather“宁愿做什么”Id rather not say anything. Would you rather stay here?I would rather watch TV than go to see the film. used to(过去)常常He told us he used to play football when he was young.= Used you to go to the same school as your brother?四、情态动词表示“推测”的用法情态动词表示“推测”时，要记住“三种推测两种形式”。 三种推测：对过去发生动作或状态的推测； 对现在状态的推测； 对将来发生动作或状态的推测 两种形式：用情态动词加完成事态表示对过去发生动作或状态的推测； 用情态动词加动词原型表示对现在或将来发生动作或状态的推测must have done 表示过去一定做了什么，语气十分肯定You must have finished your work.cant have done表示过去不可能过了什么，语气也比较肯定(是上面的否定形式)He cant have gone to Beijing, for I had a talk with him just now.neednt have done表示过去没有必要做什么但已经做了。You neednt have come earlier. should have done过去该做什么但没有做。(含有责备的意思)。You should have started earlier.shouldnt have done表示过去不该做什么但做了。(含有责备的意思)You shouldnt have helped him, he could do it himself.would have done表示过去会做什么，而没有做。I thought he would have told you about it.ought to have done 表示过去该做什么而没有做。(是职责和义务)You ought to have helped him. (but you didnt.)must do sth. / must be doing sth. 表示现在或将来一定在做什么。will be 表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称，是对目前情况的推测.情态动词专项练习1) You_ all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thingA. neednt have washedB. shouldnt have washedC. must not have washed D. can not have washed2) Johns score on the test is the highest in the class; he_ last night.A. should study B. should have studiedC. must have studiedD. must have to study3) The room is in a terrible mess; it _cleaned. (CET-4, 1996,6)A. cant have been B. shouldnt have beenC. mustnt have been D. wouldnt have been4) Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They _ from South America on rafts.A. must have sailedB. can sail C. might have sailedD. should have sailed5) Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She _ in her classroom.A. should have beenB. must have beenC). must beD. should be6) Bob said he was going to join our club but he didnt. He _ his mind.A. cant have changed B. wouldnt have changed C. must have changed D. shouldnt have changed7) You_ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.A. neednt goB. had better not goC. should not goD. neednt have gone8). We_ the letter yesterday, but it didnt arrive.A. must receiveB .ought to receiveC. must have receivedD. ought to have received9) With all the work on hand, he_ to the cinema last night.A. mustnt goB. shouldnt have gone C. could not goD. couldnt have gone10) Eve was late for class again. She _earlier.A. should get upB. must get upC. need to get upD. should have got up11) I am feeling sick. I_ so much chocolate.A. neednt have eaten B. couldnt have eaten C. mustnt have eaten D. shouldnt have eaten12) I didnt send out my application form last week, but I _.A. had B. would doC. should have D. might have to13) Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought he_Tom to go with him.A. might have askedB. should askedC. must have asked D. should have asked14) When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I_ there earlier.A. ought to getB. ought to have gotC. must have gotD. must get15) The road was muddy. It_ last night.A. must rainedB. must have rainedC. must be rainedD. could have rained16) She can speak quite fluent English. She_.A. must been in the U.S.A. for some time B. must have been in the U.S.A. for some timeC. should have been in the U.S.A. for some time D. May be in the U.S.A. for some time 17) You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he_.A. was used to beB. used to beC. was used toD. use to18)“We didnt see him at the exhibition yesterday.”“He _it.” A. mustnt visitB. cant have visitedC. should have gone to seeD. may see 19) Mary _my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.A. should have received B. has received C. Couldnt have receivedD. ought to have received20) I _ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.A. would have liked to giveB. liked to give C. have liked to giveD. would like to give21)“Where _ my umbrella?”“Somebody _ it away by mistake.”A. is, must have takenB. is, must takeC.have been, must takeD. is, takes22) What _ would happen if the director knew you felt that way?A. will you suppose B. you suppose C. do you supposeD. you would suppose23) Two eyes _see more than one.A. canB. mayC. willD. should24) _ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.A. WouldB. WillC. MayD. Should 25) We ought to help each other in our work, _?A. oughtnt weB. should weC. shouldnt weD. ought to we26) Tom _ better than to ask Dick for help.A. shall knowB. shouldnt know C. has knownD. should have known27) You _ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.A. had better gotB. had to get better C. had better to getD. had better get28) When we got to the cinema, the film hasnt started yet, so we _.A. neednt hurryB.didnt need hurryC.neednt to hurryD. neednt have hurried29) It was really very dangerous; you _ him seriously.A. might have injuredB. could injureC. should have injuredD. must injure 30) As he had heart attack, he was told that he _ continue the work.A. neednt B.may not C. mustntD. cant31) An Englishman who _not speak Italian was once traveling in Italy.A. mustB. couldC. may D. might32) I _like to make a suggestion.A. could B. would C. must D. might33) I know things are hard with you, but you _try to get over the difficulties.A. can B. may C. must D. ought34 I cant find the recorder in the room. It _ by somebody.A. may have been taken away B. may leave C. may take away D. must have taken away35) He _the 9:20 train because he didnt leave home till 9:25.A. can reach B. could catchC. may not catchD. couldnt have caught参考答案1)A 2)C 3)A 4)C 5)B 6)C 7)D 8)D 9)D 10)D 11)D 12)C 13)D 14)B 15)B 16)B 17)B 18)C 19)C 20)A 21)A 22)C 23)A 24)C 25)A 26)D 27)D 28)D 29)A 30)C 31)B 32)B 33)C 34)A 35)D高中英语语法情态动词专项练习题一 1. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not 2. Where is my pen? I _ it.A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost 3. I wish I _ you yesterday. A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see 4. I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep. A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been5. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me from going. A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented6. He _ you more help, even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might have C. may have given D. may give7. If it _ for the snow, we _ the mountain yesterday. A. were not; could have climbed B. were not; could climb C. had not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb8. Without electricity human life _ quite difficult today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be9. A computer _ think for itself, it must be told what to do.A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might not10. Jenny _ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind. A. must B. should C. need D. would11. We _ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studied B. might study C. should have studied D. would study12. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should13. Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told14. If he _, he _ that food. Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken15. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. must B. may C. can D. will16. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out17. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come18. Shall I tell John about it? No, you _. Ive told him already. A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt19. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken20. Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. can21. There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. It _ a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been22. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont; cant B. mustnt; may C. shouldnt; must D. cant; shouldnt 23. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to24. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. They _ be ready by 12:00.A. can B. should C. might D. need25. I stayed at a hotel while in New York. Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed26. Will you stay for lunch? Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me.A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont27. Are you coming to Jeffs party? Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead. A. must B. would C. should D. might28. Write to me when you get home. _. A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can29. I was really anxious about you, you _ home without a word.A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. couldnt have left D. neednt leave30. Is John coming by train? He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.A. must B. can C. need D. may参考答案http:/www.DearEDU.com1C 从原题中You can keep it till next week if you like这一信息句可知，“你不必现在还”。2D 从原题中Where is my pen?这一信息句可告诉考生，“笔丢了”，丢的动作是过去发生的。因此用must + have done表示对过去事实的肯定猜测。3C 原题中的yesterday这一信息词告诉考生，在wish后的宾语从句中，用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反的愿望。4B 从原题中的I didnt hear the phone.这一信息可以判断出，用must have done表示过去事实的准确的肯定猜测。5A 从原题中last Saturday这一信息词可知，条件句中用表示与过去 事实相反的过去完成时，主句用would + have done。6A might have + 过去分词，在次是虚拟语气，表示“本来可以给你更多的帮助”，而事实则是帮助较少。7C 从原题中的yesterday这一信息词暗示考生，该句应选用与过去事实相反的过去完成时，If it had not been for “要不是因为”。8D 原题中的Without electricity相当于一个条件句：If there were no electricity,故主句用human life would be quite difficult today.9A can可以表示一种客观上的能力，本句cant，表示“不能，不会”。10B 从原题总的“I wonder why she changed her mind”“我不知道为何他改变了主意了。”这句话告诉考生Janny没有守诺言。因此，用should + have done，表示“过去本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。11C 可参看10题。意思是：“昨晚本应该学习，但是却去听音乐会了。”12C 原题中的could不是过去时，而表示一种委婉、客气的礼貌用语。因此用could提问时，用can回答。同样用would，might提问，用will和may回答。注意 Would you rather do such a thing? Yes, I would. Would you like some tea? Yes, I would.这两个对话中的would rather，would like是惯用法，故不能用will来回答。因为在这两个句型中，will不能去替换would。13A 可参看10、15题。该句意思是：“汤姆本来不该告诉我你的秘密，但他没有伤害你的意思。”ought not to have done = shouldnt have do