Should在虚拟语气中的应用.doc

Should在虚拟语气中的应用1. 用于if引导的虚拟条件句中 在表示与现在或将来事实相反的非真实条件句中，谓语动词形式可用“should + do”。如： If she should refuse, they could be greatly disappointed. 【考例】 This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. （2009年，天津）A. would B. shouldC. could D. might2. 用于省略if的倒装句中如果条件状语从句的谓语动词中含有should，可以省略连词if，而把should放在主语前构成倒装。如：Should he fail in the examination, he would have to wait for another year.【考例】 _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. (2006年，湖北)A. Would you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be3. 用于主语从句中在“It is 形容词某些动词的过去分词 that从句”的结构中，从句的谓语动词用“（should） + do ”虚拟语气形式来表示命令、要求和建议。这些形容词和过去分词常见的有important（重要的）、essential（必要的）、necessary（必须的）、natural（自然的）、decided（决定的）、ordered（命令的）、demanded（要求的）、proposed（建议的）、required（要求的）等。如：It is necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.【考例】 It is essential that all these figures _ twice. (2008年，四川联考)A. check B. checkedC. are checked D. be checked4. 用于宾语从句中表示主观判断、推测、建议、命令和要求的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词常采用“（should） + do”的形式。这类动词包括advise（劝告）， ask（要求）， insist（坚持）， order（下令）， suggest（建议）， command（命令）， demand（要求）， require（要求）等。 He insisted that a deadline (should) be set for completing the task. 【考例】 The doctor recommended that you _ swim after eating a large meal.（2009年， 浙江）A. wouldnt B. couldntC. neednt D. shouldnt 【疑难辨析】 动词insist如不表示要求，而表示“坚持己见”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。同样，当suggest所表示的意思为“表明”或 “暗示”时，谓语动词也不采用“should + do”的形式。如：Jane insisted that she had done nothing wrong and that she should be treated properly. The surprised look on his face suggested that he did not believe the fact.【巧记速记】 常见动词后的宾语从句中需用“(should) + do”虚拟语气有：一个坚持：insist两个命令：order, command三个建议：suggest, advise, propose四个要求：demand, require, ask, desire注意：在以it为形式宾语的复合宾语从句中也可以用虚拟语气，其形式为“（should） + do”。这一句型中使用的形容词（宾补）与主语从句中的虚拟语气所使用的形容词相同。如：We think it advisable that he (should) think deeply before acting.5. 用于表语（或同位语）从句中在表示命令、建议、劝告等含义的名词后面的表语（或同位语）从句中，谓语动词须用“（should） + do”的形式。这些名词包括advice（忠告）， decision（决定）， demand（要求）， desire（渴望）， idea（想法）， proposal（提议）， recommendation（推荐）， requirement（要求）， suggestion（建议）等。如：I make a proposal that we(should) hold a meeting next week. 【考例】 Their requirement that he _ one years experience is reasonable.（2009年， 蚌埠市三质检）A. had B. hasC. have D. would have6. 用于目的状语从句中由in case, lest, for fear that引导的目的状语从句，谓语动词用“（should） + do”结构，表示忧虑或目的。其形式通常为“. lest (in case, for fear that) + 主语 + （should） + do”。如：I will not make any noise, lest I should disturb you.【考例】 The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _ himself.（2009，四川联考）A. injure B. had injuredC. injured D. would injure（安徽 吴安运）should have done 的用法 should have done只用于谈论过去情况，主要有两个用法：用于推测过去已经发生的情况。如：He should have arrived by now. 此时他本该到了。The letter should have arrived by now. 信现在该到了。The train should have already left. 火车大概已经开走了吧。I cant think why he should have been so angry. 我想不通他怎么会这样生气。用于指本该发生而实际上未发生的情况。如：You should have told me so before. 你早就应该告诉我。Look at the time! We should have been at the theatre ten minutes ago. 瞧都什么时候了! 十分钟前我们就该到戏院了。George never should have joined the army. 乔治本来就不该参军的。You should have told me you were coming. 你该事先告诉我你要来呀。You should have writtenI was getting worried. 你该来封信啊我都开始担心了。John should have left have left by tomorrow. 到明天约翰可能已走了。I think they should have consulted a doctor earlier. 我认为他们早就该去看医生了。I should have left London before 9, but I didnt. 我本该在9点以前离开伦敦，但是我没有。In my opinion, she