非谓语动词的句法作用.docx

非谓语动词的句法作用举例非谓语的形式：不定式ing分词ed分词主动to be + a.to writeto be writingto have writtento have been writingwritinghaving written被动to be writtento have been writtenbeing writtenhaving been writtenwritten非谓语的功能：不定式ing分词ed分词主语 1 23宾语 4 56介词宾语 7 89表语 10 11 12定语 13 14 15状语 16 17 18宾语补语 19 20 21主语补语 22 23 241 不定式作主语To say that is rude.To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.It is important to make enough preparations for the opening ceremony.2 ing分词作主语Seeing is believing.Reading aloud is very helpful.Its no use quarrelling.4不定式作宾语We regret to inform you that your account is overdrawn.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.I like to swim today.5 ing分词作宾语I regret having done that.I like swimming.It needs cleaning/ to be cleaned.7 不定式作介词宾语I have no choice but to stay here.He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike.He gave us some advice on how to learn English.8 ing分词作介词宾语They went to the party without being invited.I object to being kept waiting.Several of our customers complain of having been treated very rudely.10不定式作表语Her wish is to become an engineer. （表示特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为）The most important thing is to put theory into practice.To see is to believe.11 ing分词作表语My job is teaching English.The real problem is getting to know the needs of customers.His words are encouraging.12. ed分词作表语The children looked puzzled.The window is broken.They were frightened at the sad sight.The man looked disappointed.The door remains locked.13不定式作定语I have a meeting to attend.He found a good house to live in.The child has nothing to worry about.14 ing分词作定语In the following years he worked even harder.The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father.The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.15 ed分词作定语The house built last year is a hospital now.Our class went on an organized trip last Monday.Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting.16 不定式作状语He worked day and night to get the money.She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.He arrived late only to find the train had gone.The question is simple for him to answer.They were very sad to hear the news.17 ing分词作状语Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. （时间状语）Being a League member, he is always helping others. （原因状语）He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. （方式伴随状语）(If) playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. （条件状语）He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. （结果状语）He went swimming the other day. （目的状语）Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. （让步状语）Time permitting, well do another two exercises.（独立主格）Generally speaking, girls are more careful.18 ed分词作状语Once seen, it can never be forgotten.Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.Given more time, Ill be able to do it better.Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave.19 不定式作宾语补足语They forbade her to leave the country.Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.She wont let me do it.I heard her lock the door.We watched the children play games.20 ing分词作宾语补足语We heard her singing in her room. He saw a girl getting on the train. The salesman caught the boy stealing in the shop. 21 ed分词作宾语补足语We had the problem solved.I had my hair cut.I have no money left.I must have my watch repaired.He speaks very slowly to make himself understood.22 不定式作主语补足语The room was found to be empty. The young man was considered to have great promise.They were made to wait for hours. It is reported to be true.He is said to be from New Zealand. 感官动词see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make等后面He was seen to come upstairs.Ice is known to be in a solid state.The spy was ordered to be hanged.23 ing作主语补足语He is found smoking in the kitchen.He was seen playing basketball yesterday.He is often heard reading English.The profes