高一定语从句09修改Doc.doc

定语从句一. 概念：1定语从句：在某一复合句中修饰某一名词或代词,或者修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。Do you know the boy who came here yesterday?2先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3关系代词/ 副词：引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that, as 和关系副词when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词既连接定语从句和它修饰的先行词，同时又充当定语从句中的一个句子成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语）。二. 关系代词引导的定语从句(who, whom, whose, which, that, as)1. who指人，主格，在定语从句中作主语。The man who has just left is my uncle.（06北京）Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those dont.A. who; 不填 B不填;who C. who; who D. 不填;不填2.whom指人，宾格，在定语从句中作宾语。在口语和非正式用语中常省略whom。Where is the boy (whom ) I saw this morning?The fellow ( whom) I spoke to made no answer at first.（05北京） why does she always ask you for help?There is no one else _, is there?A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn注：当whom作介宾，而这个介词又放在关系代词前面时，whom不能省。The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.(02上海) Alec asked the policeman _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom3.whose 多指人，也指物(= of which)，whose为所有格，在定语从句中作定语。Granny Wang is looking after the little boy whose parents have gone to Shanghai. The trees whose leaves are green all the year round are pine trees.(01上海春季) Have you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world famous.A. its B. its C. whose D. whichC. his real name D. whose real name（06福建）Look out! Dont get too close to the house _roof is under repair.A. whose B. which C. of which D. what（09安徽） Many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom（09天津） A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever4. which1). 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时常省略。当which作介宾，而这个介词又放在关系代词前面时，which不能省。My father works in a factory which makes TV sets.This is the dictionary (which) I bought yesterday.This is the house (which ) LuXun once lived in.=This is the house in which Luxun once lived.(06上海) In an hour, we can travel to places _ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A. where B. when C. which D. what（06江西）Do you have anything to say for yourselves?Yes，theres one point_ we must insist on A. why B. where C. how D. /（09江西）The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which2). 在非限制性定语从句中，指整个主句的内容，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念，which在从句中可以作主语或宾语。She did very well in the exam, which made her parents happy.(2001春季) John said hed been working in the office for an hour, _ was true. A. he B. this C . which D. who(06上春)You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, _ is always busy at the weekend.A. that B. where C. what D. which (08全国II) The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _was more than we could expect.A. it B. what C. which D. that（08浙江卷）Yesterday she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago.A. whom B. where C. that D. which（09山东）Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.A. who B. which C. when D. that（09全国 ） My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it5. that多指物,也可指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语.但不能直接跟在介词后。A plane is a machine that can fly.The house (that) he lived in is very large.The man who / that sold you that camera is a thief.He is the man (that/whom) you want to talk to.= He is the man to whom you want to talk. (05北春) Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago? A. where B. when C. that D. what 注1) 先行词如果有两个或者两个以上,一个指人,一个指物,则关系代词只能用that. They talked about things and persons that they remembered in the school.注2) that指物时,一般可以与which互用,但在下列情况下只用that, 不用which.1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, much, little等不定代词时.There is little (that) I can do to make up for the lost time.All that can be done has been done.(89) All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A. the thing B. that C. what D. which(07上春) The thought of going back home was _ kept him happy while he was working abroad.A. that B. all that C. all what D. which 2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等词修饰时Ive read all the books that you gave me. 3) 先行词被序数词修饰时 This is the first time that I have been here. 4) 先行词被最高级形容词修饰时 This is the best novel that Ive ever read. 5) 先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时. This is the very book that I am looking for. The last place that we visited was the chemical works. Thats the only thing that we can do now. 6) 主句是以 who, which开头的特殊疑问句时 Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 7) 主句以there be 开头时There is a seat in the corner that is still free. 6. as ,指人或物，在定语从句中作主语宾语或表语. 1) 在限制性定语从句中, 如果先行词前有such或the same时用 as 引导定语从句。 He gave me the same answer as he gave you. I have never seen such a lazy man as you. (04北春) There at the door stood a girl about the same height _. A. as me B. as mine C. with mine D. with me2) 在非限制性定语从句中，指代整个主句的内容，可以放在主句的前面或后面，有时在句中。As is known to us all, Taiwan is part of China,=Taiwan is part of China, as is known to us all.（99 上海 ）_ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools is increasing.A. Which B. As C. That D. It (03上海春季) _ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.A. That B . As C. It D. What(04) _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. what D. as(04北京) _ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What（06天津） The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.A. what B. that C. how D. as三. 关系副词引导的定语从句. (when, where, why)1. when 表时间,先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如：time, hour, day, morning, week, year等， when在定语从句中作时间状语.Ill never forget the day when / on which I joined the League.比较： Ill never forget the day that (which) we spent together.1949 was the year when (in which) the Peoples Republic of China was founded.(2001) The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where （03北京春季）We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer. A. which B. that C. whose D . when（08山东） Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.A. who B. whichC. whyD.when(09江苏) Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since注： time作先行词时,前面如有序数词和last 修饰,不用when, 而用that，或两者都不用, 若time前无序数词或last时，通常用 when。 This is the last time (that) I shall give you a lesson. （04湖北）There was _ time _ I hated to go to school. A. a ; that B. a ; when C. the ; that D. the ; when2.where表地点，其先行词一般为表地点的名词，如：place, room, house, school. factory, country等， where在定语从句中作地点状语.This is the factory where / in which he works.比较：This is the factory( that / which) we visited last week.(96) After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A. which B. that C . where D. when(05福建) Is that the small town you often refer to? Right, just the one you know I used to work for years. A. thatB. which C. whereD. what (07福建) The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago. A. when B. which C. that D. where（08重庆）They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days.A. where B. there C. which D. when （09福建） Its helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.A. that B. when C. which D. where3. why表原因，先行词只有reason 一个,why = for which，在定语从句中作原因状语。Id like to know the reason why you changed your mind.(02上春) Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained四. 带介词的定语从句 1介词+ 关系代词(04北春) Luckily, wed brought a map, without _ we would have lost our way.A. it B. that C. this D. which(04全国）The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which (07江苏) He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University.A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that(07辽宁) Eric received training in computer for one year, _ he found a job in a big company. A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this（09陕西）Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which2. 名词 / 代词 / 数词+of +关系代词(95) He paid the boy ￥10 for washing ten windows, most of _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which(2000上海) Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable.A. which B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose(04湖北) There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high.A. the larger B. the larger of them B. the larger one that D. the larger of which(04辽宁) The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ are sold abroad.A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that（06浙江） I was given three books on cooking, the first _ I really enjoyed. A. of thatB. of which C. thatD. which(07安徽) Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it.A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom(07四川) It is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year.A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which(07北京) We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy.A. that B. which C. what D. whom（08陕西）The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands ofC. which the hands of D. the hands of which（09海南） She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these3. 介词+ 关系代词+代词 / 数词 / 名词He has written many books, of which most are in Chinese.(95上海）In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., _ many people have gone home.A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which time (05重庆) Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, _ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union. A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time五.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别1 限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，没有它，先行词的意义或身份就不明确，所以它在句中是必不可少的。限制性定语从句中关系代词作宾语时可省略。This is the bicycle (which / that) I bought yesterday.2 非限制性定语从句是对先行词或主句起解释或补充说明作用，它的前后有逗号与主句隔开，即使取消从句，对主句没有大的影响，可有可无。非限制性定语从句中关系代词或关系副词均不能省略。Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot of questions.They will fly to New York, where they plan to stay for a weekI have a brother who is a doctor.I have a brother, who is a doctor.( (02北京) The famous basketball star, _ tried to make a come back, attracted a lot of attention.A. where B. when C. which D. who（05辽宁）I walked in our garden, _ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.A. whichB.