BEC高级精讲班第14讲Businessethics.doc

BEC高级精讲班第14讲讲义 HomeworkreviewI. Homework reviewl Read this text from a business magazine.A successful businesswomanLaura Ashleys multi-million pound success came about almost by accident when she was a young married woman, pregnant with her first child. She designed some scarves at home because she was bored. 0 H Ashleys designs now decorate houses all round the world.H. Those simple home-made items represented the beginning of a business empire which is now well known to millions.She was born in Wales in 1925 but moved to London in 1949 when she got married, and at first she was content to take on the traditional housewifes role. “The idea of having four babies, cooking, sewing and looking after the home suited me perfectly.” 9 What began as a hobby quickly became a successful business as she began to receive orders from a number of large London shops. It didnt stop there: in the 1950s, when most of society was looking forward to the space age, Laura Ashley made a fortune by looking back to past centuries, searching out old designs to decorate a variety of clothes and household furnishings. 10 Soon they were being shipped abroad in large quantities and she began to sell them from her own shop.C. All that changed when she became interested in printing fabrics.G. These traditional products created a huge wave of demand from the USA and elsewhere.In 1961 she moved her business to her native region of Wales, where the operation grew to dominate the town of Carno. 11 A second one was establishing some years later in The Netherlands.F. When its railway station closed, Ashley converted it into a factory.Throughout her life and despite the multinational success of her business, Ashley remained a traditional housewife at heart. 12 She saw the workplace as a kind of home, and her employees enjoyed unusually good working conditions; for example, there were no night shifts and the working week ended at midday on Friday. Even as the company grew, employees still had a say in how it was run. As she said, “our success is due to people. It is our employees who come first.” 13 They, of course, have profited from that as have many others with a stake in the company. The business is now large and successful, with a sophisticated management team. To this day, though, the products remain traditional and all the shops are still decorated like 19th century houses.A. Her company reflected the traditional values she admired.D.When the company was floated on the stock market, many of them opted to become shareholders.By 1995, the year she died, the business had grown so much that she had decide to remain involved only in the area of design. 14 She had never set out to become a businesswoman, but last year the company she started as a hobby reported a turnover of 332 million, with a pre-tax profit of 3.8 million. Thats not bad for a business that started a t a kitchen table!B. The creative side of things was what she had always enjoyed most.C G F A D BVocabularyStudyII. Vocabulary StudyEnglish vocabulary which originates from Frenchelite noun countablea group of people who have a lot of power and influence because they have money, knowledge, or special skillspolitical/social/economic etc elite the domination of power by a small political elitea struggle for power within the ruling eliteelite adjectivean elite group contains the best, most skilled or most experienced people or members of a larger groupan elite group of artists elite universitiesdebut verb1 intransitive to appear in public or become available for the first timeThe show will debut next Monday at 8.00pm.2 transitiveto introduce a product to the public for the first timesynonym launchRalph Lauren debuted his autumn collection in Paris last week.resume nouncountablersum 1 a short account of something such as an article or speech which gives the main points but no detailssynonym summarya brief rsum of the days events2 American English a short written account of your education and your previous jobs that you send to an employer when you are looking for a new jobBritish Equivalent: CVclientele noun singularall the people who regularly use a shop, restaurant etcThe restaurant attracts a young clientele.bon voyage interjectionused to wish someone a good journeycaf noun countable1 a small restaurant where you can buy drinks and simple meals2 a public place that is connected to a computer network, where people with similar interests discuss things by sending and receiving messagesan Internet cafWhatarebusinessethics?III. What are business ethics?1. Speaking.ethic noun1 countable a general idea or belief that influences peoples behaviour and attitudes 伦理标准，道德标准（或体系）The old ethic of hard work has given way to a new ethic of instant gratification. 过去辛勤劳动的道德标准让位给了新的道德体系，即迅速的满足。2 ethics plural moral rules or principles of behaviour for deciding what is right and wrong 道德观，道德准则，（某种职业、群体等的）规矩a report on the ethics of gene therapy 有关基因治疗道德准则的报告professional/business/medical ethics (=the moral rules relating to a particular profession) 职业/商业/医疗道德准则public concern about medical ethics 公众对于医疗道德的担忧Televised news is based on a code of ethics. 电视播放的新闻是基于一定的道德规范。work ethic noun singular a belief in the moral value and importance of work职业道德They instilled the work ethic into their children. 他们在孩子们的心中注入了职业道德的理念。conduct: BEHAVEconduct yourself: formal to behave in a particular way, especially in a situation where people judge youHe was a player who always conducted himself impeccably(完美无瑕地), both on and off the egrity noun uncountable1 the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right正直，廉正；诚实，诚恳personal/professional/political etc integrity a man of great moral integrity2 formal the state of being united as one complete thing完整，完全the territorial integrity of the country2. Reading.give weight to weight n. IMPORTANCEuncountable if something has weight, it is important and influences peopleShe knew that her opinion carried very little weight. -give/add weight to something 重视This scandal adds more weight to their arguments.Philanthropy n. the practice of giving money and help to people who are poor or in trouble 慈善，仁慈，慈善事业，慈善性捐款whistle-blower noun countablesomeone who tells people in authority or the public about dishonest or illegal practices at the place where they work （针对工作岗位上的违法或不诚实行为）揭发、检举人whistle-blowing noun uncountable3. (1) F -It was initially sent to 1,000 CEOs but the sample was then extended to include a further 225 executives in the public sector.(2) F - Corporate philanthropy was given the least weight when describing ethical organizations.(3) T -38% of organizations protect whistle-blowers.(4) F - Security of information was the issue with which respondents were least satisfied.4. Language.Report layoutUse of bullet points and visuals, not dense textFormal vocabularyselected, in terms of, in response to, expressed, further, the following points summarize our key findings, legal compliance, employment practices, corporate philanthropy, participating organizations, ethical or illegal violations, to indicate, level of management attention, of greatest concern, issue, respondentsEllipsis1,000 Canadian companies, which were selectedIn response to an increasing level of interest which was expressed, an increase on the 22% which was reported , to indicate the level of management attention each issue received, of these issues, the two issues which were most frequently identified ParticplesSelected on the basis of size, an increasing level of interest expressed, when executives responding to our survey, written statements, participating organizations, an increase on the 22% reported, the two most frequently identifiedEthicalissuesIV. Ethical issues1. F2. C3. A4. H5. D6. P7. I8. N9. K10. MSpeaker one: sexual harassment-the employee resignedpolitical correctness noun uncountablelanguage, behaviour, and attitudes that are carefully chosen so that they do not offend or insult anyone - used especially when you think someone is too careful in what they say or how they behave 谨言慎行Political correctness has had an impact on the language people use to describe women. 谨言慎行对于人们在描述妇女时使用的语言产生了影响。politically correctcompliment noun1 countable a remark that shows you admire someone or something 恭维话，褒奖Being compared to Abba is a great compliment. 让我与相比简直是巨大的赞扬。Rob Andrew had a quiet game, which is meant as a compliment. All Flixs guests paid her extravagant compliments. 所有的客人都对她大加赞赏。To Joe the greatest compliment was to be considered amusing. 对于 来说，最大的褒奖就是被人们认为他风趣。2. complimentsplural praise or good wishes 表扬This soup is delicious; my compliments to the chef.3. with the compliments of somebody/with our complimentsformal used by a person or company when they send or give something to you 免费赠送地With the compliments of J. Nocuold & Son. Please accept these tickets with our plimentary adjective1 given free to people(免费)赠送的There was a complimentary bottle of champagne in the hotel room. 在饭店房间里有一瓶免费的香槟酒。Ive got some complimentary tickets for the theatre tonight. 我得到了今晚剧院的免费票。2 saying that you admire someone or something 赞扬的，夸奖的complimentary remarks 奉承话haul verb transitiveto pull something heavy with a continuous steady movement to硬拖，强拉haul something off/onto/out of etc somethingShe hauled her backpack onto her back.the steam locomotive which hauled the train I hauled the door shut behind me.outrage verb transitive usually passiveto make someone feel very angry and shocked 让人愤怒，震惊Customers were outraged by the price increases. 顾客对于价格的上涨感到震惊。Speaker two: racial discrimination -a manager was dismissedblow the whistle on somebody informal to tell someone in authority about something wrong that someone is doing 揭发，检举He blew the whistle on his colleagues. 他揭发他的同事。be given/get your marching orders British English informalto be ordered to leave, especially because someone no longer wants you to work for them or no longer wants a relationship with you 炒鱿鱼prejudice uncountable and countablean unreasonable dislike and distrust of people who are different from you in some way, especially because of their race, sex, religion etc - used to show disapproval 偏见Women still face prejudice in the workplace. prejudice againsta cultural prejudice against fat people 对于肥胖人事的文化偏见Asian pupils complained of racial prejudice at the school. 亚洲小学生抱怨在学校期间的种族歧视。Speaker Three: industrial espionage- the company produced guidelines penetration noun1 uncountable and countable when something or someone enters or passes through something, especially when this is difficult 进入Cover the entire device to prevent water penetration.penetration ofThe attack failed to lead to any deep penetration of enemy territory.2 uncountable and countable the degree to which a product is available or sold in an area渗透（即产品在市场上的销售情况）penetration ofthe rise in import penetration of the domestic market国内市场中进口产品渗透的增长penetrate verbGO THROUGHintransitive and transitive to enter something and pass or spread through it, especially when this is difficult 渗透，进入Sunlight barely penetrated the dirty windows.penetrate intoExplorers penetrated deep into unknown regions.BUSINESStransitive to start to sell things to an area or country, or to have an influence there 开始在某一地区或国家销售产品，对该地区产生影响Few U.S. companies have successfully penetrated the Japanese electronics market. 很少有美国公司可以成功地进入日本电子市场。whizzkid noun British English whiz kid American English countable informala young person who is very skilled or successful at something杰出青年，天才儿童，神童financial whizzkids in the CitySpeaker four: corporate gift-giving -an ethics officer was appointed freebie noun countable informalsomething that you are given free, usually by a company 免费物品on a freebieThe company paid for the minister to fly out to Australia on a freebie.freebie holiday/hotel/flight etc A waiter was handing round freebie glasses of wine.pending formal while waiting for something, or until something happens 有待Sales of the drug have been stopped, pending further research. 这款药物的销售被叫停，等待进一步的研究结果。rep informal a sales representative 销售代表someone who speaks officially for a company, organization, or group of people-synonym representativeYou need to speak to the students rep. Safety reps have the right to stop the job when workers are in danger.Speaker five: environmental protect-a written warning was given.hefty adjectiveusually before noun 大而壮的1 big and heavy 高大的，笨重的a tall, hefty man hefty camera equipment2 a hefty amount of something, especially money, is very large 高昂的a hefty fine 高昂的罚款1. Language.Conditional 3The uses of the conditional which appear in the tapescripts are as follows.Reportingl To report a future conditional:She went straight to the board and warned them that shed take legal action if nothing was done about it.Conditional 3l To refer to the hypothetical consequences of an action which did not take place: If youd looked around the workplace, I guess you would have seen the evidence.Conditional 3 tends to be thought of as:if + past perfectWould have + past participleHowever, it may be more useful for you to think of it as :if + past perfect simple or continuousany past modal + have + past participle2. Speaking. One-minute talk: how to encourage ethical behavior from employeesDoes the student show a clear understanding of the task?YesSHORTIs there an appropriate introduction and conclusion?PartlyAre the students ideas well-organised and logically ordered?YesTALKIs appropriate signposting and linking language used?YesDoes the student develop ideas rather than repeat them?YesAre the ideas clearly expressed and easy to understand?YesDoes the student speak in a clear and natural manner?YesIs the talk of an appropriate length?Yesset out phrasal verb1 to start a journey, especially a long journey 出发set out forKate set out for the house on the other side of the bay.set out on a journey/drive/voyage etc The band are setting out on a European tour in March.2 to start doing something or making plans to do something in order to achieve a particular result 开始做某事，着手制定计划set out to do somethingsalesmen who deliberately set out to defraud customers 那些专门要欺诈消费者的销售人员set out with the idea/purpose/intention etc of doing something They set out with the aim of becoming the number one team in the league. 他们着手制定目标，要成为联赛中的第一名。anonymous adj. done, sent, or given by someone who does not want their name to be known匿名的an anonymous donation of $5,000 anonymous phone call/letter etc (=one that is often unpleasant or contains threats)breach verb transitive1 to break a law, rule, or agreement 破坏，违反，不履行同义词 breakThe company accused him of breaching his contract. 这家公司指控他违反了合同的约定。Traders who breach the rules could face a fine of up to 10,000. 违反规定的贸易商们可能要面对高达1万英镑的罚款。breach noun1 uncountable and countable an action that breaks a law, rule, or agreement 违反，破坏breach ofThis was a clear breach of the 1994 Trade Agreement. 这种做法明显地违反了1994年贸易和约中的有关规定。They sued the company for breach of contract. 他们起诉该公司违反了合同中的约定。a breach of professional duty 不履行工作职责be in breach of somethingHe was clearly in breach of the law. 很清楚，他违法了。2 countable a serious disagreement between people, groups, or countries 不同意见breach withBritain did not want to risk a breach with the US over sanctions. 英国不想就制裁问题与美国持不同意见。breach betweenWhat had caused the sudden breach between Henry and his son? 是什么让亨利和他的儿子之间突然意见不和？She wanted to help heal the breach between them. 她想帮助愈合他们之间的不同意见。in placea) in the correct position 在正确的位置上The chairs for the concert were nearly all in place. 音乐会的椅子几乎都摆好了。The glass was held in place by a few pieces of sellotape. 玻璃杯用几个透明胶带固定在了那个地方。b) existing and ready to be used 存在，可供使用Funding arrangements are already in place. 提供资金的安排已经到位。benchmark its ethical practice against those of industry leaders benchmark noun countablesomething that is used as a standard by which other things can be judged or measured 标杆，尺度benchmark data The valuation becomes a benchmark against which to judge other prices.benchmark forfigures that are a useful benchmark for measuring the companys performance 这些数据对于衡量一个企业业绩表现是非常有用的尺度。benchmark ofresults that are used as a benchmark of success 作为衡量成功与否的结果benchmark verb transitiveto use a companys good performance as a standard by which to judge the performance of other companies of the same type 与作衡量benchmark somebody/something against somethingBritish Steel is benchmarked against the best operations anywhere in the world. 英国的钢铁业可以与世界其它各地最好的企业来对比。benchmarking noun uncountable 标杆管理One-minute talk: The importance of ethics in todays business worldDoes the student show a clear understanding of the task?YesSHORTIs there an appropriate introduction and conclusion?NoAre the students ideas well-organised and logically ordered?Partly TALKIs appropriate signposting and linking language used?PartlyDoes the student develop ideas rather than repeat them?YesAre the ideas clearly expr