专升本英语考点资料.doc

专升本英语难点及考题点评一、 代词both (指二个人或物，肯定含义)、neither(指二个人或物，否定含义)、either（指二个中任何一个）、none (指三个人或物，否定含义)、all (指三个人或物，肯定含义)1、Young babies can use hands equally well.、either B each C both D every 2、They have two teams, and of them have chance of winning、both B none C neither D all3、 of us could work out this maths problem, so we asked our teacher for help.、Some B any C No one D None答案：1 C 2 A 3 D二、数词应注意倍数的用法、With the help of the foreign experts， the factory produced cars in 2001 as the year before。、as twice many B as many as twice C as twice as many D twice as many2、New typewriters cost about price of the secondhand ones、three times the B a three times C the three tomes D three times a解析：倍数表达公式（1）倍数+as -as（2）倍数+the +名词+of答案：1 D 2 A三、形容词、副词应注意（1）短语 the same as（2）The + 比较级，the +比较级（3）形容词、副词的比较级可被much、far、still、even、a little、a bit、a lot、a great deal修饰，加强或削弱其语气。 1.In the world no country has exactly the same folk music _ that of any other countries.A. with B. as C. to D. like 2.Although the price of house has been lower , it is _ higher than before. A. still B. yet C. so D. such答案：1 B 2A四、情态动词部分需要掌握情态动词公式 成人高考英语情态动词部分常考情态动词的一些固定结构如：1 must /may /might +动词原形（表对现在事情的肯定推测）典型例题 专升本2001年13题She _on her way to school, I just phoned her home and no one answered me. A should be B . must be C. might have been D. could be解析：本题考查考生对情态动词固定结构的掌握，由于本题是对现在事情的推测，故选B。题意为：她肯定在上学的路上，我刚打电话给她家里，没人接。must /may /might +have +PP(过去分词) （表对过去事情的肯定推测）典型例题 专升本2005年20题-They are supposed to arrive at six, but there is no sign of them.-Something unexpected_-to them.A . might happen B .must have happened C. would have happened D. could happened 解析：此题考情态动词对过去事情肯定推测的结构，故选B 题意为：他们原定于6点到达，但现在连人影都没见到，肯定出什么事了。couldnt / cant +have +PP ( 表对过去事情的否定推测)典型例题 (1) 专升本2004年34题“I saw Mary in the Library yesterday.”“you_ _her, she is still in hospital.”A mustnt have been B could not see C. cant have been D. must not see解析：此题考情态动词对过去事情否定推测的结构，故选C 题意为：我昨天在图书馆看到玛利了。 你不可能看到她，她还在医院里呢。(2) 高起点2003年25题 You _have seen Jane in her office Last Friday, shes been out of town for two weeks.A couldnt B . mustnt C . wouldnt D. shouldnt 解析： 题考情态动词对过去事情否定推测的结构，故选A 题意为：上个星期五你不可能在简的办公室看到简，她已出城两个星期了。4Ought to / should +have +PP (表过去应做的事而实际上未做，含有责备的口气)You _yesterday if you were really serious about the job.A ought to come B ought to have come C. ought have come D. ought come解析：此题考查过去应做的事而实际上未做，故选B 题意为：如果你很在乎这份工作的话，昨天你就该来。五、时态部分应掌握现在完成时、过去完成时以及各时态的被动语态。 现在完成时主动语态： have/ has +过去分词现在完成时被动语态：have/ has+been+过去分词过在完成时主动语态： had+过去分词过在完成时被动语态：had+been+过去分词六、疑问句部分需要注意附加疑问句。（1）祈使句的反意问句，前面是肯定祈使句，后面用wont you?反之，用will you?（2）lets开头的反意问句,后句用shall we ?（3）谓语为used to be 型的反意问句,后句用 didnt +there 或 人称代词 ？（4）含有否定词的反意问句，后面应用肯定。 1Dont shout in the meeting room,_? A. should you B. will you C. can you D. could you 2. Lets visit our uncle on the way home ,_? A. will you B. will we C do we D. shall we3、There used to be a cinema on this street, .?A wasnt there B. didnt there C. wasnt it D. didnt it4、Tom seldom visits his grandparents, ？A doesnt he B. isnt he C. does he D. is he答案：1 B 2 D 3 B 4 C 第七部分 倒装句要点1 only +副词/ 介词短语/状语从句置于句首强调时，后面的主语与谓语必须部分倒装。Example: I learned this news only yesterday.强调时间：Only yesterday did I learn this news .要点2 一些含有否定意义的词，如：not only , not until ., never , hardly , no sooner , scarcely , little , nowhere , in no time.等短语置于句首强调时，后面的主语和谓语必须部分倒装。第八部分 主语与谓语保持一致 要点1就近原则：not only.but also; either.or; neither.nor; or 连接两个主语时， 谓语动词应与第二个主语保持一致。要点2 就远原则：在主语与谓语之间插入短语 as well as ,together with, along with, with, except, but谓语动词不受插入语的影响仍和主语保持一致。要点3 时间、距离、金钱等词语作主语表总量时，谓语动词用单数。第九部分 语言点要点1 做过的事情、发生过的事情，动词regret , forget , remember后带动名词，反之，带不定式。要点2 当 动词 require , need , want 需要的主语是物时，后带动名词的主动语态表被动含义。要点3 区别短语 have +sb +do（让某人做某事） / have +sb /sth+doing （让某人一直保持某种状态） / have +sth +done（暗含：某事不是自己做，而是请、让别人来做）要点4 区别短语 make +sb +do（让某人做某事） / make +oneself +done（使自己的话被别人理解）要点5 区别短语used to do sth （过去常做某事） / be used to doing sth（习惯做某事）第十部分：重要短语1 be famous for 因而著名2 be similar to 和.相似3 be sensitive to 对.敏感4 something is familiar to somebody 某人熟悉某事5 familiarize somebody with something使某人熟悉某事6 be sure of 相信 ，肯定7 be worth doing 值得做某事8 be worthy to be done9 be likely to do something 很有可能做某事10 remind somebody of something / doing something 提醒某人做某事11 would like to do something想做谋事12 dream of something / doing something 梦想去做某事13 take ones suggestion into account 考虑某人的建议14 encourage somebody to do something鼓励某人去做某事15 be concentrated on 聚精会神于16 half way home 回家半道上17 In spite of 尽管， 虽然17 Participate in = take part in 参加， 参与18 Stop doing 停止做某事19 stop to do 停下来去做另一件事20 stop somebody from doing something 阻止某人做某事21 be blame for 受到斥责22 be accused of doing something 被指控做了某事23 complained to somebody of / about something 向某人抱怨某事24 in advance提前25 turn down拒绝26 turn up出现， 露面27put off 延期， 推迟28 put out 扑灭（火）29 put up with忍受30 put away 收好，放好31 take in受骗32 take over 接管某人的工作33 take off 脱下， 飞机起飞34 run into 跑进去， 偶遇35 run out of跑出来， 耗尽、 用光36 look into向里面看，调查37 run a company 经营一个公司38 look through浏览39 look up 向上看，查阅，查询40 pick out 挑选41 pick up 捡拾，接人，无意中学会42 hand out = give out分发42 give away白送，赠送43 cant help somebody to do something没有能力帮助某人44 cant help doing something禁不住，控制不住45 out of touch 失去联系46 out of use 不使用了47 out of reach 够不着48 out of place 不适合某个场合49 out of date 过期了50 out of fashion 过时了，不流行了 难点部分：一 复合句要点一1掌握what 与that 的区别 分析：That 仅仅引导从句，在从句中不作成份，也没有汉语意义。（定语从句除外）；What 除引导从句外，还需在从句中作一成份,主语、宾语或表语。（what不引导定语从句） I am sure_he told us yesterday is true. A that B what C when D where Key: B 2 形式主语与强调句 形式主语公式如下： (1) It +is /was +adj +从句. (2) It + seems / happens / looks / appears+从句. (3) It + is /was+ said / reported /known / believed +that. 强调句公式如下：（1）It+is /was +被强调部分(人)+ who. （2）It+is / was+被强调部分(物、时间、地点)+ that.。3 区别介词短语与从句 牢记介词或介词短语不可引导从句，只有连词才能引导从句。(4) 掌握从句必须采用陈述语气（as、 though 引导的让步状语除外）l 试题分析1.It is impossible he will tell us he has just done.A. that. what B what that C what what D that that 2.It was in Hong xing Cinema I met Mr Smith for the first time.A. when B where C in which D that 3.He is always trying to help others he is too busy.A. except B except that C. except when D in addition4.Never forget the days together on the island last year.A. shall I , we spent B I shall, we spent C shall I, when we spent D I shall, where we spent答案：1 A 2 D 3 C 4 A要点二 状语从句部分的时间状语从句。(1)掌握 hardly.when. no soonerthan. 一就 ; 刚.就 上述两个短语用法相同，含义相同，考试的方法也相同。 陈述句：we had hardly got home when the telephone rang. 倒装句：Hardly had we got home when the telephone rang. 1_ had he got home than the telephone rang. A. No longer B Not until C No sooner D HardlyKey: C(2) 牢记 the moment, the minute, each time ,by the time .等短语可引导时间状语从句,当主句的时态是一般将来时，时间状语从句应用一般现在时。要点三 状语从句的结果状语（ 1） 掌握so 与such的 区别So 的使用公式：so + adj + a/an + n 主语+谓语 so + adj + + that so + adv + such的公式主句+连系动词+ such + a/an + adj + n主句+连系动词+ such + adj + n(可数复数) + that主句+连系动词+ such + adj + n(不可数)（2）掌握so that和suchthat的倒装句式要点四，状语从句部分的让步状语（1）三者的区别 1. although 引导的让步状语从句只能用陈述语序2.though引导的让步状语从句既可以用陈述语序,又可以用倒装语序。3 as引导的让步状语从句只能用倒装3. as 、though引导的让步状语只能用倒装语序. as ,though引导的让步状语从句公式1名词/形容词+as +主语+连系动词2副词 +as+主语+行为动词（2）让步状语从句不可以和并列连词but, and, for, so , therefore等同时用于一个句子中，但可以用still, yet, 要点五 定语从句部分要点如下（一）非限定性定语从句的两种类型类型1. 第一种类型的非限定定语从句的先行词与定语从句的关系代词用逗号隔开，是因为两者关系不密切，从句仅对先行词起补充说明的作用。1 Yesterday , I met a girl ,who was my deskmate in the Middle school.2 We are going to spend this years Spring Festival in Hainan, where our parents lives.类型2. 第二种类型的非限定性定语从句修饰的不是一个先行词，而是上文中的整个句子，这时引导词只能用which.（二）当先行词为1、不定代词2、先行词被副词only,最高级、序数词修饰时，常用关系代词that 引导。（三）what 不可以引导引导定语从句，但what =先行词+引导词l 试题分析1.The dog ran out of the yard the old lady open the gate.A. the moment B. that moment C. a moment D this momentHe will give this letter to your bother the moment he him.A will see B sees C see D would see3.Although he likes Mary so much , he doesnt want to marry her. A and B but C yet D so4. , he can already support a big family. A . A boy as he is B AS he is a boy C Boy as he is D he is a boy 5. Yesterday, I ran into my former headmaster in the street ,we talked about the things and people we remembered in the middle school. A that B which C what D who6.I bought a dozen of eggs yesterday , two were broken. A between which B among which C in which D when 7.I have many friends , are from Beijing A. most of them B most of whom C some of which D some of them 8.He didnt tell us he had done.A all which B all that c all what D what all 答案 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 B 8 B二 非谓语动词要点1 学会分析一道题缺少谓语还是非谓语。（18）要点2 区别不定式、动名词、分词作定语。要点3 现在分词、过去分词作状语的区别。分词完成式仅作状语，不作定语 (11)。要点4 动名词短语、不定式短语、主语从句作主语，谓语动词应用单数。要点5 独立主格 with+ to do / doing / done 分析：to do 表将来； doing表主动、进行； done表被动、完成。1 With a lot of work _, Mr Green has no time to look after his family.A done B to do C doing D do2. The meeting_ tomorrow is of great importanceA held B to held C to be held D holdKey: 1 B 2 C要点6 动名词的逻辑主语。(3)要点7 分词作宾语补足语。1 Mary saw her son _the piano when she entered his room. A playing B plays C to play D play key: ( A )l 试题分析重点：现在分词与过去分词的区别; 分词在句中充当的成份;分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语是否一致。1. _ what the situation would be like, they decided to keep silent.A. Having not knownB. Knowing not C. Not know D. Not knowing2. The program was so _ that they were too _ to fall asleep.A. excitingexcited B. excited.exciting C. excitingexciting D. excited.excited3. The _ children were opening their Christmas presents.A. exciting B. excited C. exciteD. excitement 4.She returned home from the market only to find the door open and a number of things_.A. stoleB. missingC. missedD. stealing5.Just as I turned round the corner, I saw a car _ towards me at a high speed.A. to comeB. come C. comingD. came6.All those _ to go to the football match please raise your hands.A. wishB. wishedC. will wish D. wishing7 No one else _ willing to go, he offered to take the message.A. wasB. had beenC. were D. being8._ the teachers suggestion, Tom finally found a way to settle the problem.A. Following B. To followC. FollowD. He followed9. _ crossing the street, he was knocked down by a car.A. ByB. DuringC. AtD. While10. There was a terrible cry _ the fall of the pole.A. followedB. to followC. followingD. that follows11. Some of the guests _ to the party were from other cities.A. to inviteB. invitedC. being invited D. had been invited12. The telephone was invented in 1876 by a man _ Alexander Graham Bell.A. namedB. namingC. that namesD. who named13. Water _ into vapor by the sun falls as rain.A. turns B. turning C. is turnedD. turned14. The children _ in red sang songs together.A. dressed B. dressingC.wornD. wearing15. The musician, _ for his splendid speech, was warmly received by the students.A.knowing B. knownC. having knownD. being known16. The cinema _ last month, is very popular especially among the young people in the town.A. opens B. openedC. to openD. having opened17. -Do you know anything about the meeting _ in Italy?-Yes, and as a matter of fact I attended it.A. to be held B. heldC. being heldD. to hold18. There are about 70 people _ in the accident.A. were killedB. who killedC. killingD. killed19. Its such a big room. If you dont speak loud enough, youll never make yourself _.A. hearB. hearingC. to hearD. heard20. In earliest times, people had eaten their food_.A.uncookedB. being uncookedC. uncooking D. to be uncooked21. The hunters had the fire _ at the night in the woods.A. burntB. burning C. to burnD. burned22. John went to town yesterday and had his bike _ there.A. repairB. to repairC. repairing D. repaired23. My wife is planning to have the furniture _ light gray.A. paintB. paintingC. to paintD. painted24. The dress doesnt fit, Ill have to have it _.A. sold B. charged C. changedD. adopted25. Mr. Smith had the report _ as soon as he finished _ it.A. to be typedto write B. typedto write C. being typedwriting D. typedwriting26. _ white, the kitchen looks much better than before.A. PaintsB. Painted C. PainingD. To paint27. He kept us _ with _ stories about his Arctic adventures.A. entertained/ exciting B. entertaining/ excitedC. entertained/ excited D. entertaining/ exciting28. _ their luggage, the tourists hurried to the airport,A. PackedB. After packedC. PackingD. Having packed29. _ a wrong address, he could not find his friends flat.A. GivingB. To be givenC. Having givenD. Having been given30. _ his party to power for the fourth time, he becomes famous among Western leaders.A. Lead B. LeadingC. Have ledD. Having led31. _ for several times, Bill made up his mind not to watch late night movies any more.A. To be scoldedB. To have been scoldedC. Being scolded D. Having been scolded32. The recorder _ out of order, the students did not know what to do.A. wereB. has beenC. was beingD. being33. After seeing the movie, _.A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read itC. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him34. All the afternoon he worked in his study with the door_.A. to lockB. lockingC. lockedD. lock1.D 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.C 11.B 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.B 16.B 17.B 18.D 19.D 20.A 21.B 22.D 23.D 24.C 25. 26.B 27.A 28.D 29.D 30.D 31.D 32.D 33.C 34.C 三 虚拟语气（第一部分）1. We surely desire that the tour leader_us immediately of any change in the travel schedules. A. informB. informs C. informed D. has informed 2. Look at the terrible trouble I_your advice! A. follow B. had followed C. would followD. have followed 3. I wish_go to the movie with you tonight, but I have to finish my homework then. A. I can B. I could C. I willD. I would 4._available, we would certainly have sent him to the meeting. A. John was B. Wasnt JohnC. Had John been D. John had been 5. I would have come sooner but I_that you were waiting. A. havent known B. hadnt known C. didnt know D. have known 6. If you had told me in advance, I_him at the airport. A. would have metB. would meet C. had metD. met 7. Everybody has arrived. Its time we_the meeting. A. would start B. had started C. shall start D. started 8.Tony does not dare to leave the house in case_. A. he will recognizeB. he should be recognized C. he is recognized D. he recognizes 9. Franklin looked as though he_ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been 10. Id rather you_about it for the time being. A. dont think B. didnt think C. would not thinkD. had not thought 11. It is necessary that Mark_in time to attend the meeting. A. come B. cameC. comesD. will come 12. Tom is working hard for fear that he_. A. fell behindB. may fall behind C. should fall behind D. would fall behind 13. It is imperative that Hurst wood_to hospital at once. A. is takenB. shall be taken C. should be takenD. must be taken 14. The driver looked over the engine carefully lest it_on the way. A.breaks downB. broke down C. would break down D. should break down 15 He might have been killed_the arrive of the police. A If only B with C not D but for16. It is high