实用文本翻译学习资料.docVIP

合同的翻译一 合同的翻译1 合同的翻译1.1 合同的特点(1) 标题(2) 首部(3) 正文(4) 尾部1.2 内容的专业性1.3 语言的严谨性1）用词规范例1：The Appendix hereto shall, through the contract period, be deemed to be construed part of this Contract.整个合同期间,本合同的附件应被视为合同的一部分予以解释.例2:Permanent Works” means the permanent word to be executed in accordance with the Contract.“永久工程”是指根据合同将实施的永久工程.比较下列两组词合同用词 日常用词Terminate stopCommence begin Be deemed to be regarded asIn lieu of in place ofPrior to beforeWhatsoever whateverRequire askConsent agreeHereby by reason of thisHereof of thisHereto to thisHerein in thisHereafter later in the same contract2)句法结构严谨, 语言表达精确例: If the Subcontractor fails to commence and satisfactorily continue correction of a default within three working days after Receipt by the Subcontractor of the notice issued under Article 10.11, then the Contractor may, in lieu of or in addition to Article 10.11, issue a second written notice, by certified mail, to the Subcontractor and its surety, if any. 2 合同的翻译1）力求措辞清晰，准确，避免歧义“after my death, except getting part from all my properties to support my nephew xx to finish his undergraduate education, the rest will be distributed equally to my sons and daughter”例: 双方都应遵守合同的规定Both parties shall abide by the contractual stipulation.例: 双方的一切活动都应遵守合同规定.All the activities of both parties shall comply with the contractual stipulations. 例:(1) The sales company is given the same power with reference to apportioning the commission.(2) The buyers asked for credit and have given the Bank of China, Beijing Branch as a reference. 例:(1) If party A insists on its original quotation, party B will have to cover its requirements elsewhere.(2) Party B shall cover the goods with particular average.(3) In order to cover our order, we have arranged with the Bank of China, Dalian Branch, a credit for USD 86,0002) 了解相关专业知识例: The lead Partner submits a copy of the short term cash flow which covers the period September 1997 to February Black highlights the main items of the cash flow which are the Endowment fund and the Advance payments as far as the Receipt is concerned and the down payment for TBMs and plants, purchase of fixed assets and the advance payment to subcontractors for the Expenditures. 合同翻译实例1Contract of BusinessNo. 05327Date: May 18, 2002Buyers: Peter Company Limited (Co. Ltd) 18 Lincoln Street, London, U.K.Sellers: John Hayde, Inc. 20 Maiden Lane, New York, N.Y., U.S.A.This Contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers; whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned goods on the terms and conditions started bellow;Name of Commodity: Printed Cotton SheetingSpecifications: No. 127 30s X 30s, 68x60 35, 36 inch in width 40 yards per pieceQuality: As per sample submitted by Peter Company Limited (Co. Ltd.) on March 9, 2002.Quantity: 40,000 yardsPrice: USD 6.6 per yard CIF LondonAmount: USD 264,000.00Shipment: Shipment with the first ten-day period of June 2002. Partial shipment not allowed.Destination: LondonTerms of payment: In order to cover the order, a credit for 100% value of goods will be arranged with the Bank of London against the commercial bills. This Contract is made in duplicate and each party shall keep on copy. This Contract shall come into force after the signature by the authorized representatives of both parties.Buyers :Peter Company Limited (Co. Ltd.) Sellers: John Hayde, Inc.Manager: (signature) Manager: (signature) 合同翻译实例2Contract of International Transportation of GoodsThis Agreement is made this twentieth of October 2007 between The International Transportation Co. Ltd. Of 9 Sanchuan Road, the city of Weihai, Party A and The Far East Trading Co. Ltd. Of 12 Hongwei Road, the city of Nanhai, Party B.Witnesses:That Party A, in consideration of the agreement hereafter contained of Party B, contracts and agrees with Party B, that he will deliver, in good and marketable condition, to Party B, during the month of April, of next year, five thousand tons of coal, in the following lots, and on the following specified terms, viz. :one thousand tons by the seventh of April, one thousand tons additional by the fourteen of the month, one thousand tons more by t he twenty-first, and the entire five thousand tons to be all delivered by the thirtieth of April. And party B, in consideration of the prompt fulfillment of this contract by Party A, contracts and agrees with Party A to pay for said coal 120 yuan (Renminbi) per ton for each ton as soon as delivered.In case of failure of agreement by either of the parties, it is hereby stipulated and agreed that the party so failing shall pay to the other 600000 yuan (Renminbi) as fixed and settled damages. In witness whereof, the parties hereto have caused this agreement to be executed in duplicate by their duly authorized representative. Party A: The International Transportation Co. Ltd.Mao Xihua Liu xiwen(Manager)Party B: The Far East Trading Co. Ltd Han Zhongwu Wu Qun(Manager)The party so failingFixed and settled damagesthe party so failing 违约一方fixed and settled damages 商定的损失赔偿费duly authorized representative 授权的代表合同翻译实例3购销合同合同编号：第203089号合同签订地：北京买方：中国化工进出口公司公司地址：中国北京二里营卖方：红顿化工有限责任公司公司地址：美国纽约市凯瑟琳大街1025号买卖双方协商一致，特指定本合同，同意按照合同条款的规定买卖以下货品。货品名称与规格：货品数量：15000桶单价：中国宁波到岸价6美圆/桶总价款：90000美圆包装：密封桶装产地：伊拉克付款条件：即期不可撤消信用证保险：由买方承担装运时间：2006年11月25日装运港：美国纽约目的港：中国宁波发货标签：每个包装件上都要标明目的地，总件数，毛重和净重，计量单位。标签要贴在包装件的右侧。（对于危险品或有毒物品，其种类和常用标志都要在每个包装件上表明。）其他条款：1 其他依照交付条款与本合同相关的事宜可以另附说明，并视作合同的一部分。 2 本合同有中文和英文两个版本，两种版本的内容真实一致。补充条款：如果本合同的任何其他条款与本补充条款发生冲突，本补充条款视为最终条款，并具有约束力买方（签字）：中国化工进出口公司 王海堂卖方（签字）：红顿化工有限责任公司 Haman Kusch合同翻译实例4销售合同 2006年12月14日 C552号销货合同致香港大同贸易公司作为卖方的本公司确认已售出作为买房的公司下列货物，条件如下：数量 货物名称 单价 付运四千部 552型电视机 净CIF香港 定于2007年1月12日 一百美元 开往香港的金马轮 总金额：US&400000付款：用不可撤销信用证，由渣打银行确认保险：一切风险由本公司投保包装：用出口标准纸箱包装目的地：香港参考：贵公司2006年11月10日858号订单唛头：COSMOS 请签署HONGKON 并寄回副本No 1-40买房 卖方大同贸易公司 风暴电器厂有限公司商务信件的翻译商务信件翻译(一)1 商务信件特点1）格式的程式化a letterhead b reference and date c inside name and address d attention linee salutation f subject line g body h complimentary close I signaturej enclosure k carbon copy notation l postscriptA Chiwan Petroleum Supply Base Chiwan， Shenzhen， China Tel: 90755) 6694302 Oil Patch Tel: (0755)6693098 Tlx: 446834 AAOTS CN Fax: (0755)6694008 Cable: 6987B Your ref: Our ref: BW/bw 3 May, 1998C Messrs J Brown & Co.234 EastcheapLondon, E.C.3.D Attention: Import Dept.E Dear Sirs, F Oil ToolsG We thank you for your letter of April 4. In compliance with your request, We are looking forward to your replay. J Yours faithfullyChiwan Petroleum Supply BaseI (Signed)Wang Da WeiManagerJ Encl. As statedK cc. Our Branch OfficesL P.S. your letter of April 22 has just come to hand. As requested, we will airmail you two samples tomorrow. Example LettersImporter writes to exporterDear Sirs, We have obtained your address from the Commercial Counselor of your Embassy in London and are now writing you for the establishment of business relationsWe are very well connected with all the major dealers here of light industrial products and feel sure we can sell large quantities of Chinese goods if we get you offers at competitive prices.As to our standing, we are permitted to mention the Bank of England, London, as a reference.Please let us have all necessary information regarding your products for export. Yours faithfully2）语言准确性由“维多利亚”轮运走的最后一批货将于10月1日抵达伦敦。由“维多利亚”轮承运的最后一批货将于10月1日抵达伦敦。翻译练习: 承蒙中国银行拉哥斯分行告知你公司名称和地址,我们得知贵公司是纺织品和棉布出口商. 现告知纺织品是我们主要的进口商品,但目前我们特别有意从贵国进口印花细布. 如你公司能保证价格可行,品质优良,交期迅速,我们能大量经营该商品. 如贵公司能航邮寄来商品目录和样本, 并提供有关印花细布的一切必要资料,以便我公司熟悉你公司供货的质地和工艺,我们将不胜感激. 期待早日答复 有关建立贸易关系的常用语句1 据了解,你们是中国(商品) 有潜力的买主,而该商品属于我们的业务经营范围.2 我公司与此地可靠的批发商有密切联系,能与你公司作可观的进口业务.3 请提供你公司的各种详细规格,并告知付款条件和折扣率4 如果你方能尽早回复, 我们将不胜感激商务信件翻译(二)General Enquiry and ReplyGentlemen:We learn from ABC& Co. Ltd, New York that you are a leading exporter in your country.We are, at present, very much interested in importing your goods and would appreciate your sending us catalogues, sample books or even samples if possible.Please give us detailed information of CIF Guangzhou prices, discounts and terms of payment.We hope this will be a good start for long and profitable business relations.Truly yours, (reply)We welcome you for your enquiry of Match 21 and thank you for your interest in our export commodities. We are enclosing some copies of our illustrated catalogues and a price list giving the details you ask for. Also under separate cover, we are sending you some samples which will show you clearly the quality and craftsmanship. We trust that when you see them you will agree that our products appeal to the most selective buyer.We allow a proper discount according to the quantity ordered. As to the terms of payment we usually require L/C payable by sight draft.Thank you again for your interest in our products. We are looking forward to your order and you may be assured that it will receive our prompt and careful attention.Truly yoursSpecific Enquiry and ReplyDear sirs,We are glad to note from your letter of March 9 that, as exporters of Chinese Cotton Piece Goods, you are desirous of entering into direct business relations with us. This happens to coincide with our desire.At present, we are interested in Printed Shirting and shall be pleased to receive from you by airmail catalogues, samples and all necessary information regarding these goods so as to acquaint us with the quality and workmanship of your supplies. Meanwhile please quote us your lowest price, C.I.F. Vancouver, inclusive of our 5% commission, stating the earliest date of shipment. Should your price be found competitive and delivery date acceptable, we intend to place a large order with you. We trust you will give us an early reply.Yours faithfully 有关询价和回复的常用语句1 所有报价以我方最后确认为准，除非另有规定或经双方同意，所有价格都是不含佣金的净价。2 我方一客户目前急需去年我方从你方进口的那中K150型显微镜，收到此信后，请立即向我方发10台该显微镜的详细报盘3 我们在菲律宾销售各种家具, 请报你方家具最优惠的成本加运费到香港价, 并告知最早交货期 4 如蒙告知, 倘若我方订购20000码, 你方能给予多少折扣,将不胜感激5 我们还想了解各类商品的每种颜色和花样的最低出口起售量商务信件翻译(三)1 报盘Dear Sirs,We thank you for our enquiry of August 22 and are pleased to send you our quotation for the goods you required as follows:Commodity: “White Rabbit” Brand Woolen Mixed Blanket No. 33.Size: 74x84 Weight: 4ls Color: yellow, brown, green assortmentQuantity: 1000pcs Price: US&40 per piece CIF MontrealYou are cordially invited to take advantage of this attractive offer. We are anticipating a large order from the United States, and that will cause a sharp rise in price.We look forward to receiving your orderYours faithfully2 实盘Dear Sirs，In reply to your letter of July 14, we are giving you an offer, subject to your reply here by 5pm our time, Tuesday, August 5, as follows:Commodity: Common Round Iron Wire NailsSpecifications: As per attached listPacking: Loose in plywood keg of 60 Quantity: 100kegs Price: US$50 net per keg CIF LagosShipment: September/October, 19Payment: Confirmed, irrevocable Letter of Credit payable by draft at sight to be opened 30 days before the time of shipmentUnder separate cover, we have sent you samples of various sizes and the brochure required.We are expecting your early orderYours faithfully3 还盘Dear Sirs, Your offer No. 146 for QINDAO-LIEBHERR RefrigeratorsWe have received your offer No 146 offering us 2500 sets for three designs of the subject goods.In reply, we regret to inform you that our clients find your price much too high. Information indicated that some kinds of the said articles made in other countries have been sold here at a level about 5% lower than that of yoursWe do not deny that the quality of your products is slightly better, but the difference in price should, in no case, be so big. To step up the trade, we counter offer as follows, subject to your reply here by 5 p.m. our time, February 18: US$ 400.00 for BYD212 US$ 365.00 for BYD157 US$ 400.00 for BYD219As the market is of keen competition, we recommend your immediate acceptance.Your faithfully 你方十一月二十一日来信收到,谢谢,对此我们今晨已用传真回复. 从我们的电传中你方必已知道,我们能够报实盘250长吨钢管拉各斯成本加运费加保险价每吨620英镑,在收到你方定单后两个月内交货.货款的支付方式为即期信用证支付.该报盘以你方答复在一星期内到底此地为有效.你方知道,最近市场上对钢管需求量很大,因此我方对此实盘不能保留太久.需求大必然会造成涨价, 这一点希望引起你方注意,同时请你们早日做答.有关语句的翻译1 可以肯定地说我方价格是相当合理的,质量与我方产品相同的供货商不可能报比我方低的价格2 你方还价太低,并且没有根据,因此不能作为与我方生产厂家继续磋商的依据.3 该盘有效期到.为止4此盘5天内不接受,就做撤消论5我们认为你方价格不合适,因为该种料子的价格正在下跌6只要稍做让步,比方说降价2%, 就可得到一大笔交易商务信件翻译（四）包装事宜1 Dear Sirs, In reply to your fax message of May 26, we regret having forgotten to mention the inner packing requirements of Bee Brand Brown Sugar we ordered at the Guangzhou Spring Fair this year. Now we have discussed the matter with our customers. They request as follows: As brown sugar is moisture absorbent especially in hot rainy seasons, it should be packed in kraft paper bags containing 20 small paper bags if 1 kilogram net each, two kraft paper bags to a carton lined with water-proof paper. We hope the above requirements will be acceptable to you and look forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely2 关于外包装敬启者: 我们十分遗憾的通知你方:你方于二月十八日装运至悉尼的三十箱机器部件中，有5箱严重损坏。考虑到我们双方之间长期的友好关系，这次我们不提出索赔。但是对于你方今后的交货，我们认为有必要强调可靠包装的重要性。 由于机器不见容易震坏，必须裹以柔软的材料，稳固地包装在纸板盒中，再将这些纸板盒装在经得起风浪的箱子里。务使其在箱内无法移动为准。发亮的金属部位应涂上一层防锈油脂，以防运输途中受潮生锈。 我们相信你方能满足以上要求。盼惠合作，并预致谢意。此致敬礼商务翻译（五）商务电传电报的翻译1 文字的简洁性PLS=PLEASE U=YOU H/B=HALF BOARD ABV=ABOVE QUIN=QUESTION RCV=RECEIVEDL/C=LETTER OF CREDIT RYL=REFERRING TO YOUR LETTERYR=YOUR SMPL=SAMPLE SHUD=SHOULDSUB=SUBJECT SITU=SITUATION SPEC=SPECIFICATION IOT=IN ORDER TO2 独特格式规范电文:PLS TELEX IF ABV QLY ACPABLE (=please telex if above quality acceptable)电文:REGRET UNABLE ACCEPT COMMA FURTHER ORDERS UNTIL END JAN FULL STOP电文:CONTACT Y AGAIN WHEN RDY TO OFFER3 电报电传的翻译1) RE UR TLXB-089 21/2 NOWANSRS TO UR QSTN:(1) INTERESTED YR PRODUCTS N YR TERMS ACPTBL(2) PLA SEND SAMPLES WOUT DELAY(3) WELCOME MEETING US MIDMAY ZHENGZHOU CHN(4) PLS TLX ADV ASAP IF STARTEDTKS N RGDS2) ORDER 7651 WINDOWGLASS 1000CASESWILLSHIP SSEASTWIND SAILING DIRECT YOURPORT MIDJUNE3) UC10TH BUTTERFLY SEWING MACHINES NOSUPPLY WILLREVERT WHEN AVAILABLE 科技文体的翻译1. 词汇特点和翻译 科技文体中涉及大量的科技词汇，即专业词汇或术语。当它们用在某个特殊的科学领域里时，会具有特定的涵义；有的词汇甚至仅在某个特殊领域里使用。另外，还有大量非专业词汇，它们虽然不具有专业性，但是在科技文体的翻译中也呈现出不同的特点。 1.1. 专业术语纯专业词汇，如： hypophysis (脑下垂体)、diatom（硅藻）、 chloride（氯化物）、electrode（电极）通用型词汇，广泛应用于不同的专业，而且在不同的专业中往往有不同的意义，matrix；mouse; power转化，合成、派生、混成等构词法构成的 ferment ; coralline 派生：如 micro- 如：microcomputer（微型计算机），microelectronics（微电子学）， microfilm（缩微胶卷），microchip（微晶片，芯片）， microbiology（微生物学）。astro-意为“（关于）星球、天体、宇宙、太空的”，它构成的词有 astrology（占星术），astronaut（宇航员），astrophysics（天体物理学）等。由后缀构成的词也很多合成 如： loom-state； look-ahead；overgild；混成词如： telecon (telephone conference)，firex (fire extinguishing equipment)，info-port (information port)1.2. 非专业词汇科技文体中虽然大量使用专业词汇和术语，但是它的基本词汇仍然是普通的常用词汇。在翻译科技文体这一特殊的文体中，一些普通词汇的词义有时比专业词汇更加难以确定。这主要是因为科技文章有其独特的表达习惯。有时候，译者必须根据上下文的需要对字面意思加以调整，使译文得体。例子1）Science is a servant of mankind.2）With even more recent systems, using a combination of radar and other instruments on the aircraft and on the ground, the pilot can now land completely blind in perfect safety. 英译汉3）The likelihood that our message will ever be received by beings of another world is impossible to predict. 4）The intensity of the secondary radiations is weak compared with the intensity of the primary X-ray beam, and some of it, too, may not escape from the material.汉译英5）在治疗过程中，医生必须能抓住精神病人的心理特点。 6）这台电脑专门负责处理在市场调查中收集的数据。 2 句法特点和翻译 为了达到准确、客观的目的，科技文体大多采用较正式的无人称句，在英语和汉语中都是如此。而科技英语的句法特征则尤为突出鲜明。科技英语为了准确无误、全面客观地传递信息、概念，使用了很多结构复杂的长句子以及大量的被动结构。为了准切地翻译科技英语，必须对原文理解透彻，因此译者必须熟悉语法知识，在翻译时对原文句子进行准确的剖析。 2.1 被动结构与主动结构客观、严谨的科技英语中大量使用被动结构，而汉语中被动句的应用没有英语那么广泛，在译成汉语时可以考虑使用主动结构进行翻译。例如： 1）No convincing signs of plant or animal life have been detected by instruments soft landed on Mars2）The most widely recognized species are the common and bottle-nosed dolphins; bothare widely distributed in warm and temperate seas. 汉译英3）电子计算机的主要特点是计算准确而迅速。 英译汉4）The direction of the force that is exerted on a negative charge is opposite that which is exerted on a positive charge.2.2 长句与短句科技英语中大量使用结构复杂的长句，用以准确、规范地传达意图。在翻译的时候应该理清句子成分，按照汉语的习惯，分割成若干相对较短的句子，以便清晰而有条理地传达原意。例如： 英译汉1) He failed, but he did manage to get p