名词性从句考查的几大方面.docVIP

名词性从句考查的几大方面名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，它是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是每年高考必考的项目。该项目涉及的内容广而多，现结合高考考点、热点归纳如下：一、考查连接词引导名词性从句的连接词有：that, if, whether, who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, when, where, why, how等。请看下列考例：1It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray(MET92)A while B if C that D for2we cant get seems better than we have (NMET96)A What; what B What; that C That; that D That; what3well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather (NMET96)A If B Whether C That D Where 4I remember this used to be a quiet place (NMET93)A when B how C where D what5Do you remember he came？Yes，I do，he came by car（NMET94）A how B when C that D if6I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last weekIs that you had a few days off (NMET99)A why B when C what D where7It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants（NMET97）A however B whatever C whichever D whenever8 has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising (上海99)A Who B The one C Anyone D Whoever简析 例1是一个含有主语从句的复合句，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。例2中的get，have均为及物动词，缺少宾语，故均应填what。例3后半部分中的depends on the weather（取决于天气），说明主语从句部分应含有不确定因素，故不能使用that。引导主语从句不能用if，因而只能选whether。例4根据句意可知，本题应选A。例5根据答语he came by car可知答案为A。例6填why表示原因，相当于the reason why。例7选B，相当于anything that。例8选D, 相当于anyone who。二、考查从句的语序名词性从句的语序为陈述语序。如：9No one will be sure in a million years(MET91)A what will man look likeB what man will look likeC man will look like whatD what look will man like (Key: B)10They have no idea at all (NMET97)A where he has goneB where did he goC which place had he goneD where has he gone (Key: A)三、考查从句时态的呼应11The police found that the house and a lot of things (MET90)A has broken into; has been stolenB had broken into; had been stolenC has been broken into; stolenD had been broken into; stolen12We were all surprised when he made it clear that he office soon(NMET93)A leaves B would leave C left D had left 简析 例11受主句时态的影响，从句应使用过去范畴的时态，由此首先排除了A和C，再结合题意，应使用被动语态，故本题选D。例12由主句时态可排除A，再根据下文中的soon可知本题应选B。四、考查形式主语（宾语）it13 is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language(NMET95)A There B This C That D It14Does matter if he cant finish the job on time (MET91)A this B that C he D it 简析 为使句子平衡，我们常把主语从句或宾语从句后置，用it代替它们作形式主语或形式宾语，故上述例题均选D。又如：They want to make it clear that they wont go back to work until they get what they want2004-8-5 9:04:00 Sarah 等级：超级版主 文章：2034积分：4193注册：2003-4-12 第 2 楼 非限制性定语从句与高考试题我们在学习英语时，常常遇到非限制性定语从句。下面结合高考试题谈谈学习运用非限制性定语从句时应注意的几个问题。 一、that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句 考例1She heard the terrible noise, brought her heart into her mouth(MET91) Ait Bwhich Cthis Dthat 简析选B。后半句为非限制性定语从句，不用that而用which来引导。which指代noise，在从句中作主语。 二、除which外，还可用whenwherewhosewhom等引导非限制性定语从句，且各自的用法及差异与它们用在限制性定语从句时相同。如： Next month, when youll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching 下个月即将来临，届时你们将在家乡度暑假。（关系副词when指代表示时间的名词next month，并作从句的状语。） She is going to live in Macao, where she has some close friends 她要到澳门去居住，在那里她有几个密友。 （关系副词where指代表示地点的名词Macao，并在从句中作状语。） 考例2Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, was very reasonable.(上海2000) Awhich price Bthe price of which Cits price Dthe price of whose简析选B。whose在从句中作表示所属关系的定语，既可指代人，也可指代物。指物时，常可转换为of which；指人时常可转换为of whom。考例3In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, many people have gone homeAwhose time Bthat Con which Dby which time(上海95)简析先行词5:30 pm与time之间是一种同位关系，可用which来作定语替代。从句中的完成状态，常与by短语连用，故选D。三、在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词不能省略。如： He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother, whom he loved as his own mother 他迫切地想到医院去看望他继母，他把继母当自己的亲妈妈一样爱戴。 四、非限制性定语从句的关系代词which，既可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整句的含义。 考例4Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course,made the others unhappy Awho Bwhich Cthis Dwhat (NMET 2000) 简析 选B。指代“Dorothy总是高度评价自己在那场戏中所担任的角色”整个事件。 考例5Carol said the work would be done by October, personally I doubt very much Ait Bthat Cwhen Dwhich （NMET99） 简析表示时间的名词October，用“我个人非常怀疑”来修饰，意思不通。应该修饰整个主句，表示对“Carol说在十月前能作好这项工作”怀疑。故选D。 五、修饰先行主句时as和which的差异从句置于句首时，非限制性定语从句只能用as引导，而置于句末时，as和which都行。 考例6 is known to everybody, the moon travels rou