主谓一致用法及练习.docVIP

一、意义一致原则主语后跟有以下引起的短语:谓语动词仍与短语前的主语的形式保持一致。1.1 (together) with: Alice (together) with her parents often goes to the park on Sundays.1.2 except/but: Every picture except/ but these two has been sold. Nobody but Mary and I was in the classroom at that time.1.3 no less than: His sister, no less than you, is wrong.1.4 rather than: The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the accident.1.5 perhaps : Peter, perhaps John, is playing with the little dog.1.6 like: He, like you and Xiao Liu is very diligent.1.7 including/ besides/ as well as 二、就近原则2.1 主语由以下连词连接：谓语动词与后一个主语一致:2.2.1(Either)or: Either you or I am going to the movies.2.2.2 Neithernor2.2.3 Whetheror2.2.4 Not onlybut (also)2.2.5 Notbut2.2 there be 句型: be 动词与后面第一个名词一致E.g. There is an apple, two bananas and some oranges on the plates.2.3副词here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away, such连接的全部倒装结构中：谓语动词由动词后面的主语决定On the wall hang two maps. 墙上挂着两张地图。On the wall hangs a world of map. 墙上挂着一张世界地图。Such is the result. 结果就是这样。Such are the results. 这就是结果。 三、整体原则3.1 并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，and后面的名词没有冠词：The writer and worker is coming to our school tomorrow. （一个人）The writer and the worker are coming to our school tomorrow.（两个人）Bread and butter is their daily food.3.2表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词或短语作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词常用单数形式：E.g. Three years is not a long time.Ten dollars is what he needs.Five hundred miles is a long distance.3.3复数形式的专有名词作为整体看待（人名、地点、国家、组织、书籍、报刊等），动词用单数形式：E.g. The United Nations has passed a resolution(决议)。“The Arabian Nights”（天方夜谭）is an interesting book.3.4集合名词people, police ,cattle作主语，谓语动词用复数形式：E.g. The police are searching for him.The cattle are grassing (吃草)。四、谓单原则1.单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数形式。Thedeskis Toms.这张桌子是汤姆的。Somewaterisinthebottle.一些水在瓶子里。Thestudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.这些学生正在操场上踢足球。2 and连接的并列单数名词前如有each, every, no修饰时，谓语动词要用单数形式。E.g. Every boy and girl has been invited to the party.No teacher and no student is absent today.Many a student is busy with their lessons.3. 用many a, more than one 修饰名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式。E.g. More than one person has made the suggestion. Many a rough man has been civilized by his wife.4. Each, Either, One, Another, The other, Neither作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式：E.g. Each takes a cup of tea.Either is correct.主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.每个男人和女人都在工作。5.由every, some, any, no构成的合成代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式：E.g. Nothing is to be done. 6. means, politics, physics, plastics作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.7.morethanone+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。8.表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这 些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Twomonthsis alongholiday.两个月是一个长假。Twentypoundsisntsoheavy.20英镑并不太重。 Tenmilesisntalongdistance.10英里并不是一段很长的距离。Fiveminusfourisone.5减4等于1。9.oneandahalf+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。Oneandahalfhoursisenough.一个半小时足够了。10.动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Toseeistobelieve眼见为实。Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。11.a/an+单数名词+ortwo作主语，谓语动词用单数。五、具体情况原则1. all, few, more, most, some, any, none, half, the rest等作主语时，既可表示复数意义，也可表示单数意义，谓语动词要根据实际情况而定：All of the apple is rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。不可数- 谓单All of the apples are rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。可数- 谓复Most of the wood was used to make furniture.不可数- 谓单Most of the people are from England.可数- 谓复2. the + 形容词（或分词）作主语时，常指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。如指的是抽象概念，谓语动词则用单数形式：E.g. The wounded are being taken good care of here now. 3. population当人口讲时，谓语动词用单数形式；当人们讲时，谓语动词用复数：The population of China is larger than that of Japan.One third of the population here are workers.4. the number of + 名词复数，是表示“的数字”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；a (large / great) number of + 名词复数，表示许多，作主语时；谓语动词用复数形式:The number of the students in our school is increasing year after year.A number of students have gone for an outing.5. 有些集体名词如family, team, group, class, audience, government等作主语时，如看作是一个整体，谓语动词则用单数形式；如强调各个成员时，谓语动词要用复数形式：My family is going to have a long journey.My family are fond of music. The class has won the honour. The class were jumping for joy. 六、先行词原则关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。He is one of my friends who are working hard. 先行词He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.先行词英语主谓一致习题1. Miss Huang together with her friends _ shopping every Sunday evening. A. go B. went C. going D. goes2. The United Nations _ in 1945. A. are set up B. were set up C. was set up D. is set up3. The nations of Western Europe _ worth learning from. A. is B. are C. has D. have4. How many students are there in your class? - _ the students in our class _ over fifty. A. The number of; is B. The number of; are C. A number of; is D. A number of; are5. There _ some foreign visitors talking a walk in the park. A. is B. are C. has D. have6. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began. A. was B. were C. is D. are7. Each of the students _ a dictionary. A. have B. has C. is D. are8. The bread and the butter _ their main food. A. is B. are C. has D. have9. The Greens _ France since the spring of 1990. A. have been to B. have been in C. has been to D. had been in10. How many teachers are there in your school? - About 150. One third of them _ men teachers. A. have B. has C. are D. is11. When and where to go for the holiday _ yet. A. have not been decided B. is not decided C. are not decided D. has not been decided12. How time flies! Three years _ really a short time. A. is B. are C. was D. were13. Do you know _ the population of Yunnan_ ? - Yes. Its about forty-three million. A. how many; is B. what; is C. how much; is D. what; are14. Your trousers _ dirty, you must have _ washed. A. is, them B. are, it C. are, them D. is, it15. Not only the student but also Mr. Smiths _ tired of having one examination. A. is B. are C. was D. were16. My brother asked me ten questions. The first five were easy, but the rest _ difficult. A. were B. are C. was D. is17. The poor _ happy; but the rich _ sad. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is18. Gone with the wind _ very great. A. have B. has C. are D. is19. Each boy and each girl _ hard. A. are working B. has worked C. is working D. haved worked20. Many a man _ had that kind of experience.A. have B. has C. is D. are21. No food and no water _ in the house. A. is B. has C. are D. have22. John and his uncle _ going hiking tomorrow. A. be B. am C. is D. are23. When _ the United Nations founded? A. is B. was C. are D. were24. Either my friends or I _ going to the library on Monday. A. is B. be C. am D. are25. Why did you choose English instead of Japanese? - Because Japanese _ as popular as English. A. isnt B. arent C. has been D. have been26. Only one and a half oranges _ on the plate. A. is B. are C. be D. was27. Nowadays more and more the young _ fond of pop music. A. are B. is C. were D. was28. To save time _ to lengthen life. A. are B. was C. were D. is29. There _ a football match and two table tennis matches between Class Eight next week. A. will have B. has C. is going to be D. are gone to be30. The Chinese _ peace but they arent afraid of war. A. love B. loves C. loved D. loving31. There _ no orange juice in the fridge. Could you get some for me, Dick? - All right, Mum. A. is B. are C. was D. were32. How time flies! Ten years _ passed. A. have B. are C. is D. has33. Chinese sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang _ Good will Ambassadors for Shanghai. A. have been named B. have named B. has been named D. has named34. Nothing _ difficult in the world, _ it? A. are, are B. is, isnt C. are, arent D. is, is35. On the east of the river _ three buildings. A. lies B. stands C. stand D. are standing36. Xiao Dong is one of the best students in his class who _ by their teacher. A. praises B. is praised C. praise D. are praised37. Swimming in the pool with the children _ very interesting. A. has B. have C. is D. are38. On every piece of the paper _ pictures of some horses. A. is B. are C. has D. have39. No news _ good news. A. am B. are C. is D. be40. John with his uncle _ going hiking tomorrow. A. be B. am C. is D. are41. Jimmys family _ a large one. The whole family _ watching TV. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is42. In our city _ of the people _ to Han Nationality. A. three fifths, belong B. three fifth; belong C. three fifths; belongs D. three fifth; belongs43. More than one idea _ put up with at the class meeting. A. have B. has C. has been D. have been44. Whether you will learn English well or not _ your hard work. A. depend on B. depend C. depends D. depends on45. With the help of people the number of pandas _ mere and more. A. is getting B. are getting C. got D. hasnt got46. _ that pair of new _ Tonys? A. Are; shoes B. Is; shoes C. Are; shoes D. Is; shoe47. _ politics difficult for you to learn. A. Are B. Do C. Does