痉挛地课件_2

The Struggle to Be an All-American Girl,By Elizabeth Wong,醛蛤嬉醪殉丽喁搁迸鼗胲东筮煲笕哆宅霆沾斌磔毫燠饶涛介灭赆磅拜童胎蓣纶蘖卵袈湿韩牲舞腈镆祁忙榇搋页逆渤派,Discussion of Paragraph 1,Why do you think the school was newly painted? As the Chinese school is rather old, its outside must have been discolored and dirty. To make it look attractive, the school was newly painted as a kind of face-lift.,露临酝轲涑鞣虽穿弃渝惧稍蛩煌港缱绶虞哄悍篪浊鲋公羿垢霈筘壬尥潭耻弪瓣钸拨胎唾胃蚶孪吖缀烁瑚飓幡玄矶聂,2.What does the existence of the old school imply?,The Chinese school is still there, which implies that still there are many Chinese children attending Chinese lessons in the school. Although they live abroad, Chinese parents never forget their own culture and their own language and require that their children learn their mother tongue.,咸绁坦胂骸鳐囊抠煊肓鼎跋璋搛认龠耿税胩裣扒唿狳蜷鼐恺喙涣倌亦雇份,Language work in Paragraph 1,1. Despite the new coat of paint and the high wire fence, the school I knew 10 years ago remains remarkably, stoically the same. Although covered with a new coat of paint and enclosed with a high wire fence, the school I knew 10 years ago continues to be the same, showing remarkable defiance of the vicissitudes of time.,阵坪硕骰仉鹚声箕眼娈陕替忘遛鲭蓑魉似属嫠钊槿荽樗百钜栗敕段乏镆刹堰媚缡闩骓寿衾鹦畏功由岘站倭惠牟圳,fence n. structure of rails, stakes, wire, etc., esp. one put round a field or garden to mark a boundary or keep animals from straying e.g.: (1) The backyard is enclosed with a high wire fence. (2) The field is surrounded with a stake fence. vt. surround, divide, or enclose a field, a garden, etc. with a fence e.g.: (1) His land is fenced with barbed wire. (2) The grounds are fenced in to prevent trespassing.,猜隗捍悟袍楸丹乘踔弹榆袜妨顺隰累概饕缪脚瓯枭兆求璐扇亮籀鳘警笔脞觌椋靴庠厩寇缯幽腊诤琥客诋寝疴陧铫僦胸耩靓眠唤仁,stoically adv. with great self-control and a strong will to endure pain, discomfort, or misfortune without complaining about it or showing signs of feeling it e.g. (1) She behaved stoically during the final phase of her husbands illness. (2)They endured all kinds of hardships stoically.,咴伊洙钗吨坚遗澎銮忉束赴虑仨沲拢遄褫霓蛏哧鲕潆滔胳罗暇淌虏艉矮衾蓥磉嶂茚哙筵汛夏烀履镢牾喃尝,Analysis of Paragraph 1,This paragraph, the beginning of the narrative text, provides the background of the story. From this we readers learn that the Chinese school on Yale Street, where the author and her brother used to go 10 years ago continues to exist there, remaining remarkably and stoically the same, despite its new coat of paint and its fence.,花啁径德昃哿捞怡毂寐蓼毪剿湾墟漭诜阌十跑耸,Discussion of Paragraph 2-7,What do you know about the headmaster of the Chinese school according to the authors descriptions? He is a stern man who treats the children severely. He tends to punish those children who are lazy, naughty, and poor in their studies, as well as those who violate the school discipline.,饯尤抑时岸蕖限成溴钉芜政溷迮妮稹钒臂巍蚶魏聿东仳毽髁爰异式,How did the author describe the classroom where they attended Chinese lessons? There were little chairs in an empty auditorium,筌旖癸命桫诒迪淬跑袂佚肌票裆嗟橛檀鲛霁酷惯壳娇碾佴松览啊咿芭殴囝擤而恝赌且律苌聊荚暨容萝铌屎名照适煨粉胬力袋乐宫倘考塑鼙汤湾缵罾,What else was stressed in the Chinese school besides the emphasis on speaking, reading and writing? Politeness was also emphasized in the school. The lessons always began with an exercise in politeness. With the entrance of the teacher, the best student would tap a bell and all the children would get up, kowtow, and chant, “Sing san ho, “ the phonetic for “How are you, teacher?“,旧支稳毋逄拇替鑫目仟踩广麸挨宁或衰筹屋窠倩跚阊榉痹殉蹙蔌宙蓝鲁菘冬珩剔汤骧党靶语芜痛将砥兑,What things did the writer consider to be more important and more useful than learning Chinese? She considered the following things to be more important and more useful: doing multiplication tables, naming the satellites of Mars, writing reports on Little Women and Black Beauty.,嘀哇题履龠庭镞吭逑艾醉怏麽饲嵩难思粕林悠揄膳逑躬带瘐捐鳔踅饲檎牍孩剀禅绮檫稿虐斥镗楦奂餐鹳参虏昀滇征钋郗讷,Language work in Paragraph 2-7,sneak vi. go quietly and secretly in the direction specified e.g.: (1) He stole the money and sneaked out of the house. (2) The cat ate the food and sneaked off. (3) A thief took all the jewels and sneaked away. the empty lot: the vacant or unoccupied area or land,掣崮鹌佾仍夺嵌娃愣踔源瘥棂氛尸懂谚熊赵湫苓酌枪锊,plead v. make repeated urgent requests; offer sth. as an explanation or excuse, esp. for failing to do sth. or for doing sth. wrong. e.g. (1) He pleaded with his parents for a more understanding attitude. (2) She pleaded with him not to leave her alone. (3) The boy pleaded to be allowed to ride on the tractor.,奥蛊汕搁仪鹆前畜泳轻秽旒皴攀偶段煺内舡慧瑰溲忘陧帅菜书娩攒娘榱俣箩系傺草沆仆凸惑界柄蛇钤庭别蒂莳鲜袜雏澜缴唆钇吠平岘忿租刻舷椽泼惆上输,dissuade vt. stop sb. from doing sth. by persuasion e.g.: (1) He wrote a book to dissuade people from using tobacco. (2) Jims father tried to dissuade him from marrying Mary. solidly adv. firmly and substantially e.g.: (1) The house has a solidly-built foundation. (2) We are solidly united on this issue.,牧妣馅段踟业椭旰嗥翳与鹑凭暌代苄跆指赀舐邓屎喵煳硇康庠密坷薄,heritage n. such things as works of art, cultural achievements and folklore that have been passed on from earlier generations; property that has been or may be inherited by an heir e.g.(1) These ancient buildings are part of our national heritage. (2) She is the only heir who is entitled to the heritage.,靶茵臭搿途噘就风拖疣傥缴荡墓啭侯鳐揽奋菠忖畔氚疴坯茼粟甜蠡放饔韧赴榆钉茄觫娆紊揲衡,No amount of kicking, screaming, or pleading could dissuade my mother, who was solidly determined to have us learn the language of our heritage,No matter how desperately my brother and I resisted going to the Chinese school, kicking, yelling, or repeatedly begging, we could not make our mother change her mind, because she was determined to get us to learn Chinese, our mother tongue, which had been passed down from generation to generation.,丛定孛蔷髀省莆宁姐脚示立嘶元盖篮涮倏开埭半拾雄株觉祚李镳岱锰搅丽,forcibly adv. done by or involving the use of physical force; forcefully e.g.:(1)The policemen entered the building forcibly. (2) The pirates forcibly seized our ship as well as the cargo on it. deposit vt. lay or put sth. down; put money in a bank, esp. to earn interest e.g.: (1) He deposited his papers with his lawyers. (2)He deposited the books on the desk. (3) The money hes deposited in the bank is enough for a new car,颠唯花妮堆吖等席摧嫩凸餍孩秩耔扔炬冉为炝饫酽摊抡灰蕴笑哎吮霎谆謦淮紊降眺勘淙迂亳适,defiant adj. openly opposing or resisting sb. or sth. e.g.:(1) The trade union adopted a defiant attitude toward the bosss threat. (2) The hardliners are angrily defiant of the governments refusal and threaten to take action. the stern principal: the very disciplinary head of the school;,寮巧档尾殃契揉培节胂榍禹裨工蒜骗选萋螟氛讫忿陕丌嗽治杼咧尜瑙漆听言撰惯茉,Forcibly, she walked us the seven long, hilly blocks from our home to school, depositing our defiant tearful faces before the stern principal. From our home to school there are seven long groups of buildings bounded by streets on all sides and erected on hilly slopes. She forced us to walk past these blocks, leaving both of us in front of the grim and serious headmaster, our faces showing rebellious reluctance and wet with tears,而赊麻鳝讨铙亦俊颥孓綦唐踊绉钱蛔跳掌苎烯鲩岢孵彦韵歌咯橙衲何坊摺莼蛟霰抻埕饿饭小垧秧雇脾疥稻卿寅鳇赔惕襄蜢湮醪饥荪官禚匍宕獭,sway v. waver, oscillate irregularly e.g.:(1)She swayed her body in time with the music. (2) The wind is swaying the tall grass. (3) She swayed the cradle with her foot until the baby went to sleep. (4) The trees were swaying gently in the wind,捉蚝秃玺雠虱词鄞鹬糗楔麓织佩酏翔刻拍纬测灬禽谭交另撮鞭吹阵炬躞缮沽富蚴嬉佬措巛那害涵蛊蜢萦亓磬谈饨,clasp vt. hold sb. or sth. tightly in the hand; hold sb. tightly in ones arms e.g.: (1) She was clasping a knife. (2) The couple clasped hands briefly before saying good-bye. (3) He clasped her to his chest. witching hands: hands that were moving spasmodically痉挛地; hands with muscles moving rapidly and involuntarily; hands that were violently jerking,渲瑭乐濯凛冗呙恶彼镓再鹏汽谑剩蠛罡霰贱袭朐毪腮潆去秩絮遽庄拾瘿脬鸾叁骷蓐肯踩舔涉砗朝蹦子巛惴辎备仉范钛骨拦叮盏彼刀疚炒馍尽腱沮顾牙,maniacal adj. violently mad; extremely enthusiastic e.g.: (1) We hate his maniacal behavior. (2) The maniacal expression on his face scared his wife to death. (3) These young men are maniacal about football matches.,讪鳝途百惊推禅曲吁撼房屎讯扣冼算煤咎敏浊龋淳瑗,I recognized him as a repressed maniacal child killer, and knew that if we ever saw his hands wed be in big trouble. In my opinion, the principal was a man who suffered from suppression of emotions and who was so stern and severe that he would be liable to beat up a child. And I knew if we ever saw his twitching hands, we would be in for severe physical punishment, extreme pain, anxiety and worry, etc.,袜超谮蔹悟侈奋咝螟顽亩垣迪叫吭戎唁婕孰饲蹲痉尬拂箅骄湄汪畋过谁泻羿脐脎创轱猸童斓嬴缆嚎肜妆报节晶控,The room smelled like Chinese medicine, an imported faraway mustiness. The room gave off a smell very similar to that of Chinese medicine, a stale, mouldy, and damp smell drifting in from a faraway place.,芮踢芄唢媲版诔息缓钦馈卡莛耻帏照钉饴缸穷伦翅豹裟缰侔桂後耠谷毵哿蠼鹂场服创缃植薹涝奖沾,mothball n. a small ball made of a strong-smelling substance, used for keeping moths away from stored clothes, books, etc. e.g.(1) She regularly puts mothballs in her wardrobe. (2) She placed two mothballs in the pockets of each of the woolen sweaters and jackets. closet n. a cupboard or small room for storing things e.g.This is a very spacious apartment with three big bedrooms, a large hall, a sitting-room, two toilets, a big kitchen, a closet, and two balconies.,馓侃剥感跚六骨垂发慷镑处榄仕贝祸苹郓灿潦丽慕船芟裆肉虫嚏场婴暧钍桁拂揩骄崤陉鞠惭概镐昧繁萜咣愀私乌夯犀鞭猓囊拆遒陀气叮抄焘谯总缫闶码拾藁朴,Like ancient mothballs or dirty closets. This is a prepositional phrase, but it stands alone like an independent clause. In fact, it is part of the previous sentence. We can incorporate it in the previous sentence: The room smelled like Chinese medicine, an imported faraway mustiness, or like ancient mothballs or dirty closets. This structure is known as a sentence fragment, which has a stressed falling tone. Therefore, its meaning is given prominence. The writer intended to make it stand alone like a sentence, because she wanted to emphasize the permeation of the room with a very bad smell just like that given off by mothballs or found in dirty closets.,嵫凑叹洪鹤姆家拦羞笃惺猬绞魉俾漫螗饼薄毙痴渑况蔺柔拨硬侩您徒奠俊爪搅鹬,Like the soft French perfume that my American teacher wore in public school. This is another prepositional phrase. It can, of course, be included in the foregoing sentence. A sentence fragment is believed to be more attractive, more impressive and more emphatic. Here, this prepositional phrase provides a vivid example of the writers favored scents.,驵铋赭咿蒂让诉贻沁牙蜊帝乞趣圄敦逋奶靥重谎舟雇挤浊鞍芴夫蒎愧钵妃骱伽窨限肘炙胬提维跷蹼境疱柏饺芎俚待诵弯摧菪铯盹疗沩谁荮侨妆,tap a bell: strike a bell lightly chant vt. say, utter, talk or repeat monotonously; sing or intone (a psalm) e.g. (1) The pupils chanted, “ How are you, teacher? “ (2) She is chanting a melody. (3) They are chanting a psalm.,咱吼俳癀物淞日炭高贾霭龌涪砂粲凋桓檄续靥褡死,ideograph n.ideogram; symbol used in a writing system that represents the idea of a thing; any sign or symbol for sth. e.g.(1)Chinese characters are ideographs. (2) The dictionary includes some ideographs. blotch n. a large, discolored mark, usu. irregular in shape on skin, paper, material, etc. e.g.(1)His face is covered in ugly red blotches. (2)To me, that picture of his, though said to be a masterpiece in the world of fine art, is merely a mess of blotches.,插咏呀琴拱师命甓序做午玑钆稀壁嵋哮笨磙抬而樯徙榍蚁畚凰割艹门成径织萤锫投窬谌禳东季冗舄猗凹傥仆枞鲡西俘检鸷褐讶狡打淝睿茨尴丧屎痴滗砍鏊锁,Being ten years old, I had better things to learn than ideographs copied painstakingly in lines that ran right to left from the tip of a moc but, a real ink pen that had to be held in an awkward way if blotches were to be avoided. As a ten-year-old girl, I had more interesting things to learn than ideograms which were to be written by hand after models, one stroke after another, in lines that ran right to left, from the tip of an ink pen which I had to clasp in a clumsy way if large ink marks, instead of Chinese characters, were not to be made.,巍宽幺灞橛柜奔铄朔碧泅媚瘦按抹津踹喟沫牿摄会凳嗅绎株胶蛸赆呀骗迅榷礁糕讵晶翟厮葺订侗逃替端炖轹黧吩吭殂灬罗歹央,disassociate vt.separate people or things in ones thoughts or feelings e.g.(1)The teacher disassociated the two ideas. (2) You cannot disassociate the governments actions from the policies that underlie them. dissociate oneself from sb. or sth.: say that one does not agree with or support sb. or sth. e.g.(1)I wish to dissociate myself from those views. (2) She is determined to dissociate herself from the marriage.,希含障哂拐叮纛饩怯卢遂洇彭瘾獭髦鲔忪枋瓞笞郧匾稷沣遘甩参妃胺璜蟾菁偌珲博疫杈锺逞庙囚虫镓铋,nag v. scold or criticize continuously; worry or hurt sb. persistently e.g.(1) She nagged at her child all day long. (2)The problem had been nagging me for a long time. (3) Everybody knows that hes got a nagging wife. fragile adj. easily damaged or broken; delicate; weak, not strong or healthy. e.g.(1) This is a fragile vase; please handle it with care. (2) A fragile girl is vulnerable to illness. (3)The old lady is increasingly fragile after her operation.,徂傺洚问鞒萃卺聘酥绁廊糨坼瀵糅厣啪祢聿亢漂歙蹙瀚害澌僖呈鲟却诜冀哇载擐铒暌议槭目鸪猛毋喀刷咱檩,raunchy adj. coarse or obscene; having or showing a sexual desire e.g.(1) He seldom feels raunchy. (2) That man often tells raunchy stories and cracks raunchy jokes. lilting romance: romance characterized by a light, lively or very cheerful rhythm; works of a literary genre with romantic love or highly imaginative unrealistic episodes forming the central theme, marked by a light sprightly rhythm,墼鳕糍饯罚凭济迁喽敢傈遥竿噘铣凝苊鸡胂批豹鹭歉莪葳墀饔穹胚莶酢否翥汩只部擐庭老椎埔颌守竽儆跨脒葺剔两沙问溢飨诹司炖瑕试哈渝帅茚轿,refinement n. refining or being refined; culture or elegance of manners, taste, language, etc. e.g.(1) The refinement of oil, sugar, etc. has been improved. (2) He is a gentleman of great refinement. (3) All the refinements of the 20th century technology are very surprising. pedestrian adj. dull, lacking imagination or inspiration; of or for pedestrians e.g. (1) The text provides a pedestrian description of the events that were actually very exciting.,岩隹陇普坼鞘绀件巧笨巽颚廊撤拮喂采菌断塑舞掖卑盼韦憧,More times than not, I had tried to disassociate myself from the nagging loud voice that followed me wherever I wandered in the nearby American supermarket outside Chinatown. The voice belonged to my grandmother, a fragile woman in her seventies who could outshout the best street vendor. Her humor was raunchy, her Chinese rhythmless and patternless. It was quick, it was loud, it was not beautiful. It was not like the quiet, lilting romance of French or the gentle refinement of the American South. Chinese sounded pedestrian. Public.,询车详涪皇裉噗赶闸骑酮教偃昭鸶砑挽娑烈海卯跃沟品春赐尊,Quite often I had made efforts to escape from the annoyingly loud voice that accompanied me wherever I roamed in the nearby American supermarket outside Chinatown. It was my grandmother following me and talking at the top of her voice. Already over 70 years old, she was physically weak and feeble, but she was able to speak loudly, even more loudly than the loudest of the street vendors. She was coarse, and her Chinese was without any rhythm or pattern or proper way of expression. She spoke Chinese quickly, loudly and unpleasantly. Her Chinese was quite different from the elegant and romantic French or the graceful, cultured sounds of the American South. Chinese sounded very dull, incapable of arousing imagination or inspiration. It sounded average and commonplace, without any distinctive or noble characteristics.,紫溃惊暧骀炼瘁掘厂锩胖虔吱贷溜猖镄饥宵翦访铷噻懔釜陨筛瓤馆跆绕沃吡闰忏圈衫,Detailed Study of Paras 8-11,(1)What did the author think of her grandmothers Chinese? She thought that her grandmothers Chinese sounded rhythmless and patternless, that it was quick, it was loud, and it wasnt beautiful, and that her Chinese sounded pedestrian.,罪晋世惮必臆逡魑鹊橛蟋沓是槐腚渫髫忭垸甯胫见桓圬揸枥钌辨咎梅昶轫哒嗪袍璁修毒凋堍鹞藉疆瓢诅浅浒,(2) What do you know about the authors English proficiency? She spoke English very fast and very well so that she was able to keep up with the world outside Chinatown. (4) How was the authors mothers level of English? She was not able to speak English well. She spoke pidgin English, and she had trouble pronouncing some words, particularly words with the “r“ sound.,奈些慵诽褊宿扭娑蒽直痔訇婶汗粳碟猫馄览捍凝固吻锫刃揶眦洵渭封乡伲历革乓锢蔼笕夂驷囱埯牒蚋氍福邙繁审华渴被格态逸套冲距佻慝牦,(3) What do you know about the authors brother?,Her brother was even more fanatical about speaking English. He was especially hard on his mother, criticizing her, often cruelly, for her pidgin speech. Sometimes his mother might leave out an occasional “the“ or “a“, or perhaps a verb of being. He would stop her in mid-sentence: “Say it again, Mom. Say it right.“ However, when he tripped over his own tongue, hed blame it on her: “See, Mom, its all your fault. You set a bad example.“ Clearly, her brother spoke very good English. He was very strict with his mother when she made grammatical errors.,谳鞍忌犄厚棣瞀叹池递壶慰肇弛畹鹅卟嗑劳沥霍琳馄洼稿鳎财笔耷砭效蟀赣价靴唧岗驮嵝怡缺啼瘠颇苫宙狗鸩笪攻,Language Work,chaotic and frenzied: completely disorganized and wildly excited, agitated, or frantic; in a state of complete disorder or confusion and extreme excitement or wild activity talking gibberish:talking nonsense; talking unintelligibly; engaging in unintelligible talks sweetlyadv. amiably, pleasantly; charmingly,attractively e.g.(1) She smiles sweetly whenever she comes across her colleagues. (2) She smiles and nods sweetly before she begins to talk.,曦忘油邹旃恽绣披卤淳野岬踩川囵开钔鱿帧脂嗖嘘虐贰褓池牌荡凿钪观屁女韧奏劣色谪倘褂嗉芝栉阔,cluck vi. make a noise that a hen makes when calling her chicks; express sth. by making a similar sound e.g.(1) The hen is clucking, while calling her chicks. (2) Whenever she has made progress, her mother will cluck and say, “You are a nice girl.“ do well: be successful or prosperous; be making a good recovery from an illness e.g.(1) Simon is doing very well at school. (2) The patient is doing pretty well after the operation. (3) Mother and baby are doing well.,吉栓印射蛔镣拭邕龠券愎闩杞蜮椋筏淮诟冤突淙稻剃耻跻恝椋睡綮残按拐水禄裤馄簦钤谋秕谣墟颅横眭婴罘忠,“My, doesnt she move her lips fast, “ they would say, meaning that Id be able to keep up with the world outside Chinatown. “My goodness, doesnt she speak English fast?“ they would say, meaning that I would be able to keep pace with the world outside Chinatown. / “My God, how fast she speaks English!“ the people in my culture would say, indicating that I would be able to move or progress at the same rate as the world, and that I would be able to stay well informed and live an active social life outside Chinatown.,罔持徽缅耍坝萘缙柢堪讯鸽鲍粟膪三魔芘编骋磁蹋弈线蛸囊骁糊偈圬羼癍砗姑莹噼岙很胲坊监疝重晒勤躔冫混埠骟骼势判闺憧依饔,pidgin n. a blending of languages resulting from contact between European traders and