毕业论文外文翻译(日产5000吨新型干法水泥生产线生料车间工艺设计).doc

毕业设计外文资料翻译设计题目： 日产5000吨新型干法水泥生产线生料车间工艺设计 学生姓名： 学 号： 专 业： 建筑材料与工程 外文出处： 指导教师： 年 月 日Thoughts on the Current Cement Industry DevelopmentAccording to the analysis of cement capacity and its relations with macro economy running index, the main reasons for the present rapid development of cement capacity the rapid development of economy and the shot up of whole society fixed asset investmentAccording to the present speed of economy development, cement still enjoys a potential increased, So here has not been all overall excessive popularity of cement industryThe best way to prevent low level repeated construction is top remote the development of new dryprocess cement as well as try to get rid of blindnessDuring the ninth “fiveyear plan” period，Chinese cement output increased from 47561 million ton of the year 1995 to 597 million of the year 2000，with a average yearly increase of 25 million ton and a yearly increase rate 4.5.During the tenth“ fiveyear plan” period, the government keeps adopting the policy of promoting domestic demand，the national economy keeps a constant rapid healthy development and cement output increases rapidly In 2001，the whole countrys cement output reached 66104 million ton with an increase rate of 107 compared to that of the year 2000In 2002，it reached to 0725 billion ton with a net increase volume of 64 million ton and an increase rate of 92 compared to that of the year 2001From January to July of this year，cement production keeps a strong increase trend and increased 156 compared with the same time last yearIs cement industry at a normal increase speed? Is cement industry development over popular? These have become the focus for all aspects1. Market demand is the sole criterion of the reasonable increase speed of cement capacityThe nature of cement decides its usual duration of three months As a result， cement consumption and its output have a good accordance with little importIn recent years，the productionsales rate of cement keeps around 94 一97As an investment production， cement has a main consumption market in industry， construction industry，housing，roads building，basic establishment construction and some building materials such as cement productsThe criterion to decide whether cement industry development is over popular is to see whether the development of its capacity meets its consumption or in other words，meets its market demandHistorical data shows that the increase speed and structure of GDP and whole society fixed asset investment and the living conditions of people decide the development speed of many industries such as construction industry and real estate industry The changes of cement consumption have close relations with the changes of these factors1.1 Cement consumption volume and GDP increaseIn recent years，the development of Chinese national economy has come into a rapid increase period and GDP enjoys an obvious speed up developmentDuring this period，Chinese cement consumption enjoys a cycle fluctuation accordinglyCement consumption increases and decreases by a certain margin with the rapid increase and decrease of GDPbut with an obvious delayHowever，when GDP changes steadily with an increase a rate of about 10,the changes of cement consumption do not have obvious relations with the changes of the increase rate of GDP The changes of cement consumption are related not only to the increase of GDP but also to the structure of economy development1.2 Cement consumption volume and the increase of fixed asset investmentFrom the ninth“ fiveyear p1an，Chinese who1e society fixed asset investment has increased rapidly During the ninth“ fiveyear plan” period，fixed asset investment enjoyed a yearly increase rate of 10.46After the entry to the tenth“ fiveyear plan” period, it has an average increase rate of 14.56The yearly gross investment volume was 2780 billion Yuan during the ninth“ fiveyear plan” period while it reached to 4020 billion Yuan in the year 2002 with a yearly increase volume of 1240 billon Yuan and an increase rate of 24.6.Data show that the increase of cement consumption results mainly from the drive from fixed asset investmentThe increase of cement consumption an d that of fixed asset investment have close relations That is，cement consumption has a definite increase according to the increase of fixed asset investment and the increase margin is regulated by market1.3 Cement consumption volume and the development speed of secondary industryAfter the analysis of the structure of fixed asset investment，we can find that secondary industry (including industry，construction industry，cement products and so on)is the main content of fixed asset investment and main force of cement consumptionThe increase volume of cement consumption obviously changes with the changes of secondary industry increase speed，which fully indicates secondary industrys promotion on gross cement consumption1.4 Construction industry investment and gross cement consumption volumeConstruction industry is the main market for cement consumption Gross cement consumption volume increases together with the increase of gross construction industry product， or the increase of construction industry investment1.5 The relations between real estate industry investment and gross cement consumptionReal estate industry is a new industry that has risen suddenly in recent years and appears a powerful development trend In the first two years of the tenth“ five- year plan” period，the average increase rate of real estate investment reached 24.6The real estate investment nearly four timed that of the ninth“ fiveyear plan” period and increased by 6.4 In the year 2002real estate investment reached 7736 billion Yuanwhich increased by 84.2 compared to the yearly investment of 382 billion Yuan in the ninth“ fiveyear plan” period The real estate industry investment has strongly driven the increase of gross cement consumption volumeThe data indicate that real estate investment and cement consumption increase volume are closely linked to each other In recent years， the increase of real estate investment has been one of the main drives of the increase of gross cement consumption volume1.6 As a investment product, cement especially is closely linked to the income of citizens in a well-of societyCement consumption index is closely linked to the citizen income increaseEspecially， the index changes with the changes of citizen consume structureThat is，the larger the housing investment proportion of the citizen income，the more citizen income index impacts cement consumptionThe relations between the increases of gross cement consumption volume and of citizen income index reflect a good market allocation of cement resourcesThe data in the above figure and tables indicate as follows：(1)What mainly impact the gross cement consumption volume is the development speed of whole society fixed asset investment， construction industry investment and gross real estate industry investment volume，which is the comprehensive reflection of market allocation of cement resourcesIn recent years，the rapid development of cement productivity is the natural result of rapid increase of whole society fixed asset investment volume，especially the result great increase of basic establishment， secondary industry， construction industry and real estate industry(2)The increase of gross cement consumption volume has close relations with people， especially citizen income index increase The increase of citizen income drives the gross consumption of cement(3)According to the analysis of the change regulation of investment，consumption and gross cement consumption in the latest twelve years economy development， the temporary cement capacity development speed keeps a coordinate relationship with this countrys economy development speed an d gross market demand for cement Especially，there has not been any noncoordination in its relations with fixed asset investment， construction industry，real estate investment increase margin and the development speed of secondary industryThe increase speed of cement production is norma1 It is normal that in a short period there can be a small fluctuation between cement capacity and price This is the reflection of market allocation of resources and its final result is to adjust cement capacity and price better to the requirement of market思考当前水泥工业发展据分析，水泥能力以及它与宏观经济运行指数，主要原因是目前快速发展的水泥能力的迅速发展，经济和上升的全社会固定资产投资。按照目前的速度，经济发展，水泥仍然享有一个潜在的增长，因此在这里，过多的水泥工业没有得到全面普及。防止低水平重复建设的最佳途径是最大程度地发展新型干法水泥以及努力摆脱这方面的黑暗。在第九个“五年计划”期间，我国水泥产量从1995年的47561.00万吨至2000年的59700.00万顿，以平均每年增加2500万吨的速度，每年增长4.5 。在第十个“五年计划”期间，政府继续采取政策，促进国内需求，保持国民经济持续快速健康发展，水泥产量迅速增加。2001年，全国水泥产量达到66104.00万吨，与2000年相比增加率为10.7 。2002年，达到7.25亿吨，净增量64万吨，和2001年相比增长速度为9.2 。从今年1月至7月，水泥生产保持了强劲的增长趋势，与去年同期相比增加了15.6 。水泥行业是在一个正常的增长速度？是水泥工业发展的受欢迎？这些已经成为所有方面关注的问题。1.市场需求的唯一标准是水泥能力的合理增长速度水泥的性质决定其持续时间通常为3个月。因此，水泥消费量和产量有很好的根据是小进口。近年来，水泥生产和销售率保持在94-97。作为一个投资产品，水泥的主要消费市场在工业、建筑工业、住房、道路建设、基础设施建设和一些建筑材料，如水泥产品。作为一个投资产品，水泥的主要消费市场在工业，建筑工业，住房，道路建设，基础设施建设和一些建筑材料，如水泥产物的标准来决定是否是水泥工业发展的受欢迎程度，看是否发展其能力满足其消费或者换句话说，满足市场需求。历史数据表明，增长速度和结构，国内生产总值和全社会固定资产投资和人民的生活条件决定的发展速度，许多行业，如建筑业和房地产业。陈氏水电站的水泥消费有密切的关系改变这些因素。1.1水泥消费量和国内生产总值增加失明在最近几年的发展，我国国民经济已进入快速增长时期，国内生产总值有着明显加快.在此期间，我国水泥消费享有周期波动。水泥消费量增加和减少的有一定程度的迅速增加和减少的国内生产总值。但明显带有延迟. 然而，国内生产总值变化稳步增加，增长率约为10 ，水泥消费的变化没有明显关系的变化，国内生产总值的增长速度。变化水泥消费不仅涉及国内生产总值的增加，而且对经济结构的发展。1.2水泥消费量和增加固定资产投资第九个“五年计划” ，中国的整个社会固定资产投资迅速增加。在第九个“五年计划”期间，固定资产投资每年增加享有率10.46 。后进入第十个“五年计划”期间，它的平均增长率14.56 。年度总投资量27800.0亿元在第九个“五年计划” 期间虽然达到40200.0亿人民币， 2002年，以每年增加量1240年亿元，增加率为24.6 。数据表明，水泥消费量增加主要是由于硬盘固定资产投资。增加水泥消费和固定资产投资有着密切的关系。也就是说，水泥消费量增加有一定的根据是增加固定资产投资和增加利润受市场。1.3水泥消费量和发展速度，第二产业在结构分析固定资产投资，我们可以发现，第二产业（包括工业，建筑工业，水泥制品等）是主要内容的固定资产投资和主要力量的水泥消费。增加水泥消费量的明显变化，充分表明第二产业的促进水泥消费总值。1.4建筑行业的投资和消费量总值水泥建筑业的主要市场水泥消费.清单的变化，建筑行业的投资增加，水泥消费量增加。总消费量的增加水泥一起增加总值的建造业的产品，或增加了建筑行业的投资。1.5之间的关系房地产业投资和消费总值水泥房地产行业是一个新的行业已上升突然近年来出现了强大的发展趋势。在头两年内，第十届“五年计划”期间，平均增长速度的房地产投资达到24.6 。在房地产投资近四年时间，在第九届“五年计划”期间增加了6.4 。去年2002，实际房地产投资达到7736.00亿元. 增加了84.2 相比，每年投资382亿元，第九届“五年计划”时期。房地产行业投资的大力推动增加总值的水泥消费量。数据表明，房地产投资，水泥消费量增加有密切的相互关联。近年来，增加了房地产投资一直是主要的驱动器增加总值的水泥消费量。1.6作为一个投资产品，水泥尤其是密切相关的收入的公民，在一个很好的社会。水泥消费指数与公民收入增加是密切相关的。特别是，该指数的变化，市民消费结构。也就是说，大的住房投资比例的公民的收入，更多的公民收入指数的影响水泥消费。水泥的增加总值消费量和公民收入指数之间关系反映了良好的市场配置水泥资源。上述数字和数据说明如下：（ 1 ）什么影响主要水泥消费量的发展速度的全社会固定资产投资，建筑业投资和房地产行业总投资额，这是全面反映了市场配置水泥资源. 近年来，快速发展的水泥生产力的自然结果迅速增加，全社会固定资产投资额，尤其是大量增加的结果基本建立，第二产业，建筑业和房地产业。（ 2 ）增加总值的水泥消费量有着密切关系的人，特别是公民的收入指数增加。增加公民收入驱动器的总消费量的水泥。（ 3 ）根据分析变化规律的投资，消费和水泥消费总值的最新十二年经济发展的情况下，临时水泥能力的发展速度保持了协调关系，临时水泥能力的发展速度保持了协调关系，这个国家的经济发展速度和总市场的水泥需求。特别是，没有任何非协调关系，固定资产投资，建筑业，房地产投资增长幅度和发展速度的二次工业革命. 提高水泥生产的速度是正常的。这在短期内就不可能有一个小水泥能力之间波动和价格是正常的。这是反映了市场配置资源，其最终结果是调整水泥能力和价格的要求，更好的市场。2 The Analysis of Current Cement Industry2.1 Uprising overall situation of current cement industryCurrent cement industry realizes co-increase of production and benefit，and has entered its uprising trackSince its reversing from lose to benefit，the enterprises benefit has been reboundingCement enterprises gained500 million Yuan in 2000； 3.05 billion Yuan in 200l：4.65 billion Yuan in 2002 In cement marketCement enterprises keep high productionsales rate：99.4 in 2001，101 in 2002It is also delighted that large sized enterprises has realized profit of 2.79 billion Yuan，covering 91 of the overall sectors profit in 2001，and their profit reached 3.84 billion Yuancovering 82.6 of the total profit of this sector.Those statistics show that current cement market realizes its function of assigning cement resources in accordance to the supplydemand development，and keeps the stability of cement market priceSince 1993 cement price has been fluctuating，but overall cement industry has realized its reverse from lose to benefit， productionsales rate has kept over 98 ,and the whole sector maintains robust growthThe main reason of this situation is that the cost reduction brought about by the technology growth，for example，new dry process cements unit production has been reduced by 50 2.2 The improved technology of new dry process cement equipment optimizes the cement sectors structureSince China enters its FifthTen Year Project phase，new dry process cement technology has sped up，and the cement industry structure has optimized New dry process cement production covers 10 to 15 of the total cement production It is even more delighted that new dry process cement equipment and craftsmanship have improvedAlso， it has basically realized that largesized equipment can be produced in China， which proves the competitiveness of Chinas cement industryProduction investment of per ton clinker has been reduced from 800-1200 Yuan to 200-300 Yuan，which can possess the capability to compete with shaft kiln investmentThe cost of clinker in a great number of large-sized enterprises can be lower than that of the shaft kiln cementThe development of new dry process cement is favored by government support， market demand，diversified investment，and enterprise independence23 Competitive shaft kiln enterprises begin totransform into new dry processCurrently，a large scale of enterprises of shaft kiln enterprise has transformed to develop new dry processIn 2002，51 production lines have been taken into operation in China，among which 27 are transformed from shaft kiln enterprisesIts prove that cement industrys limitation and restructure embraced market principle 24 The average production scale of cement enterprises is enlargedThe total sum of domestic cement enterprises has reduced from more than 8000 to 4700 plusThe average production scale of cement industry has reached to 200 thousand tons from 60 thousand tonsMeanwhile，the number of largesized enterprises in China has been increasedThe total production of 9 cement groups supported by the National Tenth-Five YearProject was 32.6 million tonscovering 4.7 of national total productionIn 2002，the total annual production of those 9 cement groups exceeded 62 million， covering 7.5 of the total domestic production capacity and 50 of national new dry process production capacityAll in all，Chinas cement industry enjoys healthy development，and the development of new dry process cement is brought about by the restructure of cement industry，and marketdriven investment No sign of overheated competition exists in China3 The Trend and Risk of Cement Industry31 The development space Of China cement industryThe report of 16th Session of Chinas Communist Party pointed out that China will keep 7 GDP growth by 2020 Currently，investment is the main factor of economic growth an d cement increase It is concluded，by 2005， domestic cement consumption volume will keep steady growthExperts predict that if fixed asset investment maintains 1012 growth in the last three years of the Tenth-Five Year Program Period， domestic cement consumption will increase 3046 million tons， annual increase speed will keep 426.3 ，as well，domestic consumption is expected to increase 5369 million tons with annual increase of 7.29 3.2 New dry process cement is the most effective method to solve the problem of restructuring the cement industryCurrent cement production capacity develops harmoniously with the total demand of consumption market With the development of Chinas economic development， cement sector has great potentia1This means that shaft kiln，the backward processing method，still has certain market spaceThats why shaft kiln keeps its annual 30 million tons productionNew dry process cement is characterized by its matured technology， spared investment，lower cost，less energyconsumption， higher quality and benefits and so on So to say， new dry process cement has great developing capacitySo to conclude，the best way to satisfy market demand，adjust sector structure and develop Chinas cement industry is to seize the opportunity of supporting the development of new process cement It will not cause overheated investment，but will curb the backward technology， speed up the adjustment of cement sector， as well as reduce energy consumption an d improve environment protection Otherwise，China will lose the opportunity in the new cycle of cement industrys restructure3.3 The Risk Analysis of New Dry Process Cement(1)Investment riskHere follows investment source analysis of the 51 lines of new dry process cement in Q002and 132 lines of new dry process established and to be establishedAn amount of 9.22 billion Yuan was invested in building 51 production lines in 2002，which were capable of producing 35.9 million tons of cementThe project is competitive，considering its low level of investment marked by 255 Yuan per tonAn analysis of the capital source shows that among the expenses of the projects completed，43.23 (3.98 billion Yuan)was from bank loans，36.23(3.39 billion Yuan)from capital raised by the enterprises and 15.4 (1420 million Yuan)from overseas investmentFunds other than bank loans constitute 56.77 0f the total, among which 53 (27 programs)of the total programs were from private and foreign enterprises Funds raised by enterprises are the main component of the construction capital，as shown in the fact that 7095 of the total funds were raised by the enterprises themselvesAmong the programs scheduled to start from 2002 to 2004，52.76 will be funded by bank loans and 41.8 by enterprise-raised capita1.63.94of the cement programs of state-owned and state stock-holding enterprises will be funded by bank loans，to which attention must be paid because the capital would be at risk of incompetent projectTo sum up，considering