论文资料-静电纺丝论文：稀土氧化物纳米结构纤维的制备及性质.doc

莄螁螀芄芀蒇袃肇膆蒆羅节蒄蒆蚅肅蒀蒅袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁羆薁蒂螁膂蒇蒁袃羄莃薀羆膀艿薀蚅羃膅蕿螈膈薄薈羀羁蒀薇肂芆莆薆螂聿节薅袄芅膈薅羇肈蒆蚄蚆芃莂蚃蝿肆芈蚂袁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃羇葿虿袅膂莅虿羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅羄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螃羈芆蒈螂肁肈莄螁螀芄芀蒇袃肇膆蒆羅节蒄蒆蚅肅蒀蒅袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁羆薁蒂螁膂蒇蒁袃羄莃薀羆膀艿薀蚅羃膅蕿螈膈薄薈羀羁蒀薇肂芆莆薆螂聿节薅袄芅膈薅羇肈蒆蚄蚆芃莂蚃蝿肆芈蚂袁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃羇葿虿袅膂莅虿羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅羄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螃羈芆蒈螂肁肈莄螁螀芄芀蒇袃肇膆蒆羅节蒄蒆蚅肅蒀蒅袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁羆薁蒂螁膂蒇蒁袃羄莃薀羆膀艿薀蚅羃膅蕿螈膈薄薈羀羁蒀薇肂芆莆薆螂聿节薅袄芅膈薅羇肈蒆蚄蚆芃莂蚃蝿肆芈蚂袁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃羇葿虿袅膂莅虿羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅羄羂莇螄螄芇芃螃袆肀薂螃羈芆蒈螂肁肈莄螁螀芄芀蒇袃肇膆蒆羅节蒄蒆蚅肅蒀蒅袇莀莆蒄罿膃节蒃肁羆薁蒂螁膂蒇蒁袃羄莃薀羆膀艿薀蚅羃膅蕿螈膈薄薈羀羁蒀薇肂芆莆薆螂聿节薅袄芅膈薅羇肈蒆蚄蚆芃莂蚃蝿肆芈蚂袁芁芄蚁肃膄薃蚀螃羇葿虿袅膂莅虿羇羅芁蚈蚇膁膇螇蝿羃蒅螆袂腿莁螅羄羂莇螄螄 静电纺丝论文：稀土氧化物纳米结构纤维的制备及性质【中文摘要】本论文主要采用溶胶凝胶结合静电纺丝技术制备了稀土氧化物纳米结构纤维,探讨了其形成过程和性能。分别从纤维的制备过程、结构控制以及性质研究等方面进行了论述,内容涉及柔性La2Zr207纳米结构纤维的制备、结构分析及其隔热性能和Pt/CeO2纳米结构纤维的制备、结构分析及其水煤气转化性质的研究,旨在进一步探索静电纺丝制备具有良好性能的纳米结构纤维,以及纤维结构对其性质的影响,寻找性能优异的应用型纳米结构纤维。1.柔性La2Zr2O7纳米结构纤维的制备及其隔热性能本文报道了采用醋酸锆、氯化镧以及酸性硅溶胶作为原料,PVP作为纺丝助剂,通过静电纺丝技术制备烧绿石型锆酸镧(La2Zr2O7)柔性纳米结构纤维的过程。所得纳米结构纤维直径为23m,其纤维结构致密、表面光滑且La2Zr2O7基本粒子的粒径较小,单位颗粒为50100 nm左右。同时利用实验还跟踪了La2Zr2O7凝胶纤维转变为La2Zr2O7纳米结构纤维的过程,表征了La2Zr2O7纤维的室温导热性能,并讨论了添加二氧化硅对纤维柔性及纤维孔结构对其隔热性能的影响。实验结果显示,柔性La2Zr207纤维具有接近81%的孔隙率,室温导热系数较低为0.05415 W/mK,在高温隔热领域有潜在应用价值。2Pt/CeO2纳米纤维的制备及其水煤气转化性能本文以硝酸铈为原料,采用水和乙醇作为溶剂,PVP作为纺丝助剂通过静电纺丝制备了Pt/CeO2纳米结构纤维膜,该膜由直径为80120 nm的纳米纤维构成,实验所采用的合成体系及制备方法均具有简单、成本低等优点。400烧结后纳米纤维由粒径约为20 nm的颗粒聚集而成,对不同温度烧结后Pt/CeO2纳米结构纤维的XRD以及孔结构分析得到,温度升高使纤维结晶度增强,颗粒粒径增大,比表面积减小。水煤气转化实验表明纯CeO2纳米纤维没有催化转化效果,负载1wt%Pt的CeO2纳米结构纤维具有较好的催化转化效果,说明了Pt在Pt/CeO2纳米纤维中均匀分散并具有较高的活性。同时400烧结得到的Pt/CeO2纳米纤维在转化温度为300实现CO转化率98%,且在随后程序控制升温至360时都保持这一高转化率。说明Pt/CeO2纳米纤维可以在实现组装整体式催化剂的同时达到较好的催化转化。【英文摘要】This paper is focused on the fabrication and property investigation of rare earth oxide nanostructured-fibers via a sol-gel combined electrospinning technique. We discussed the preparation process, structure control of the fibers, the thermal property of the flexible La2Zr2O7 fibers and the water-gas-shift property of the Pt/CeO2 fibers. The aim is to investigate how to fabricate the functional nanostructured-fibers via electrospinning technique further, and relationship between the structure and property in order to find the better performance of applied nanostructured-fibers.1. Fabrication of flexible nanostructure La2Zr2O7 fibers and their thermal properties.Flexible nanostructured La2Zr2O7 fibers with pyrochlore phase were fabricated by electrospinning process using Zr(OAc)4、LaCl37H2O as reagent, silica sol as doping reagent and PVP as spinnable aids. The fibers had dense texture with uniform diameter of 2-3m and smooth surface. And the basic grains was small which were about 50-100 nm. The transformation process from the xerogel fibers to La2Zr2O7 nanostructured fibers was tracked, and the thermal conductivity and flexibilility of the nanofibers affected by the additive silica and porosity were also discussed. The experimental results showed that the flexible La2Zr2O7 fibers with porosity close to 81% had lower thermal conductivity (0.05415 W/mK) at room temperature and have potential value in thermal insulation at high temperatures.2. Fabrication of Pt/CeO2 nanofibers for use in water-gas shift reaction.The Pt/CeO2 nanofibers membrane with diameter of 80-120 nm were prepared by electrospinning method with Ce(NO3)36H2O as raw material and PVP as spinnable reagent. The process including the preparation of spinnable sol and electrospinning is both simple and low-cost, which is suitable for large-scale preparation. The Pt/CeO2 nanofibers calcined at 400were composed of nanoparticles of ca.20 nm. The analysis by XRD and pore structure also showed that with increase of the calcined temperatures the crystallization and particle size of nanofibers were increased, however the specific surface area was decreased. The water-gas shift experiments showed that the pure CeO2 nanofibers had no catalytic conversion and the lwt% Pt doped CeO2 nanofibers had better catalytic effect which indicated that the Pt dispersed well in the nanofibers with high activity. It also showed that the CO conversion were achieved 98% at 300with Pt/CeO2 nanofibers which were calcined at 400, and this high conversion rate maintained to the final texting temperature at 360. The results showed that the Pt/CeO2 nanofibers which assembled of monolithic catalyst achieve better catalytic conversion.【关键词】静电纺丝 纳米结构纤维 隔热性质 水煤气转化性质【英文关键词】electrospinning nanostructured fiber thermal conductivity water-gas shift【目录】稀土氧化物纳米结构纤维的制备及性质摘要6-8ABSTRACT8-9第一章 绪论10-281.1 静电纺丝技术发展概述10-131.1.1 电纺技术的基本原理10-121.1.2 电纺技术制备无机纳米纤维研究进展12-131.2 稀土氧化物纳米结构材料13-201.2.1 锆酸镧隔热材料14-171.2.2 二氧化铈基催化材料17-201.3 存在的问题201.4 本课题的选题目的及意义20-211.5 参考文献21-28第二章 柔性La_2Zr_2O_7纳米结构纤维的制备及其隔热性能28-392.1 前言28-292.2 实验部分29-312.2.1 原料和试剂292.2.2 实验过程29-302.2.3 表征302.2.4 隔热性质测试30-312.3 结果与讨论31-362.3.1 La_2Zr_2O_7纤维的制备31-332.3.2 纤维柔性和微观结构33-352.3.3 孔隙率分析352.3.4 隔热性质35-362.4 本章小结362.5 参考文献36-39第三章 Pt/CeO_2纳米纤维的制备及其水煤气转化性能39-533.1 前言39-403.2 实验部分40-423.2.1 原料和试剂40-413.2.2 实验过程413.2.3 表征41-423.2.4 水煤气转化性质测试423.3 结果与讨论42-503.3.1 Pt/CeO_2纳米纤维的制备42-453.3.2 催化用Pt/CeO_2纳米结构纤维的形貌和微结构45-473.3.3 Pt/CeO_2纳米纤维的水煤气转化性质47-503.4 本章小结503.5 参考文献50-53结束语53-54致谢54-55攻读硕士期间已发表和待发表的论文55-56学位论文评阅及答辩情况表56 蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羁膆蒄蚆肀艿芆薂聿羈蒂蒈蚅肁芅莄蚄芃蒀螂蚄羃莃蚈蚃肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿膄蝿蚀罿荿蚅蝿肁膂薁螈膄莈蒇螈羃膁蒃螇肆蒆螂螆膈艿蚈螅芀蒄薄螄羀芇蒀袃肂蒃莆袂膅芅蚄袂袄蒁薀袁肇芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿芁莂螁袈羁膅蚇袇肃莀薃羆膅膃葿羆袅荿莅羅羇膁蚃羄膀莇虿羃节芀薅羂羂蒅蒁羁肄芈螀羁膆蒄蚆肀艿芆薂聿羈蒂蒈蚅肁芅莄蚄芃蒀螂蚄羃莃蚈蚃肅薈薄蚂膇莁蒀蚁艿膄蝿蚀罿荿蚅蝿肁膂薁螈膄莈蒇螈羃膁蒃螇肆蒆螂螆膈艿蚈螅芀蒄薄螄羀芇蒀袃肂蒃莆袂膅芅蚄袂袄蒁薀袁肇芄薆袀腿蕿蒂衿