自考课程二第七单元

Unit 7 Leisure and Leadership,Some questions for you: 1. Are you satisfied with your current? Why? 2. What is your ideal life in future? or what do you think life should be? 3. How do you think of “ quality of life”? 4. Do you think “ leisure” is a necessary part in life?,1. Observations and research findings indicate that people in advanced industrial societies are increasingly concerned with opportunities for leisure and what they can do in their leisure time. 译：观察与研究的结果表明，生活在先进的工业化社会的人们越来越关心休闲的机会和休闲时的活动。,be concerned with: 关于，涉及 关心，关切 e.g. The book is primarily concerned with Soviet-American relations during the Cold War. They are more concerned with how the women had dressed.,2. The importance people attach to paid holidays and the rapid development of services for mass entertainment and recreation are signs of this increasing concern. 译：人们对带薪休假的重视和大众娱乐服务的迅速发展是他们对这一问题日益关注的标志。 attach importance/ significance/ value/ weight to sth. 认为有重要性/意义/价值/有分量,satisfaction: n. 满意，满足 a look/ smile of satisfaction satisfy: v. （使）满意，满足 to satisfy sbs hunger/ curiosity satisfying: adj. 令人满足的，令人满意的 a satisfying meal satisfied: adj. 满意的，满足的 be satisfied with a satisfied smile/ customer satisfactory: adj. 令人满意的，可以的，合适的 a satisfactory explanation,satisfaction/ satisfy/ satisfactory/ satisfying/ satisfied a. To the of everybody, the director relaxed his threatening attitude. b. The customer seemed to be . c. The childs intelligence is for his age. d. Socialism is to fully the material and spiritual needs of the people. e. The opened pupil is usually associated with pleasant, experiences.,satisfaction,satisfied,satisfactory,satisfy,satisfying,5. As activity carried out as one thinks fit during ones spare time, leisure has the following functions: relaxation, recreation and entertainment, and personal development. 译：作为休闲时进行的自认为适当的活动，它有以下功能：放松、娱乐、个人发展。,relaxation: n. 放松,休闲；减轻；休闲活动 relax: v. 放松，休息 relaxed: adj.放松的，冷静的，镇定的 relaxing: adj. 令人放松的，轻松的 e.g. a drink/ walk Just and enjoy the movie. He appeared before the match.,relaxing,relax,relaxed,6. Thus, people who need to exert much energy in their work will find relaxation most desirable in leisure. Those with a better education and in professional occupations may tend more to seek recreation and personal development in leisure. 译：因此，工作中需要付出很多精力的人觉得休闲是能得到放松最为理想，而受过良好教育、从事专门工作的人可能更趋向于休闲时寻求娱乐和个人发展。,desire: v desire to do sth. a strong desire for power I have no desire to discuss the matter further. We all desire health and happiness. Fewer people desire to live in the north of the country. desirable: adj. 可取的，值得拥有的/做的 It is desirable that interest rates should be reduced. desirability: n. 值得拥有的事，值得做的事 No one questions the desirability of cheaper fares.,desire / desirable / desirability Nobody doubts the of good health. His were not great. A peaceful life was what he wanted. Some reasonable adjustments seem .,desirability,desires,desirable,occupation: n. 职业，工作； 侵占，占领； 居住，使用 occupy: v. 使用，居住； 侵占，占领 occupant: n. (房屋、建筑等)使用者,居住者 (汽车等内的) 乘坐者, 占用者 (exercise),occupation / occupant / occupy a. Much of the territory is still under enemy . b. He an important position in the government. c. The will not pay rent and must be forced to move out.,occupation,occupies,occupant,Translation of Paragraph 4: 译： 对休闲的具体利用因人而异。即使是同一休闲运动，不同人的利用方式也不同。因此，人们可以按下述方式利用看电视这一最常见的休闲活动：改变感受来“逃避” 工作压力与紧张；更多了解自己周围正在发生的一切；通过对比电视节目中描绘的别人的生活经历为了解自己提供一个机会。,8. In an urban society in which highly structured, fast-paced and stressful work looms large in life, experiences of a different nature, be it television watching or bird-watching, can lead to a self-renewal and a more “balanced” way of life. 译：在城市社会中，工作安排紧密、节奏迅速、充满压力，它笼罩着人们的生活，而另一种性质的体验，不管是看电视还是看鸟，都能导致自我更新和更加“平衡”的生活方式。,9. Since leisure is basically self-determined, one is able to take to ones interests and preferences and get involved in an activity in ways that will bring enjoyment and satisfaction. 译: 由于休闲基本上是自己决定的事，个人就可以培养自己的兴趣和爱好，并以能为自己带来享受和满足的方式从事某项活动。,10. Our likes and dislikes, tastes and preferences that underlie our choices of such activities as reading books, going to the cinema, camping, or certain cultural pursuits, are all related to social contexts and learning experiences. 译：我们的喜爱和厌恶、兴趣和偏好决定我们选择这样的活动，如读书、看电影、露营获知某些文化追求，所有这些都与社会背景和学习经历有关。,underlie: v. 支撑，构成（理论、政策、行为等）的基础 underlay; underlain; underlying Careful planning underlies all my decisions. What underlies his lack of interest in work?,11. We acquire interests in a variety of things and subjects from our families, schools, jobs, and the mass media. 译：我们从家庭、学习、工作和大众传媒中养成了对不同事情、不同问题的兴趣。 acquire: v. 获得，得到，习得 She has acquired a good knowledge of English.,12. Basically, such attitudes amount to a recognition that leisure is an important area of life and a belief that leisure can and should be put to good use. 译：基本上说，上述态度等于承认休闲是生活的一个重要方面和相信休闲应该得到很好。 put to (good) use: 把 投入使用,利用,使用 recognition: 认出，承认，公认,recognize/se: v.认出,辨别出；意识到,公认 I recognized him as soon as he came in the room. recognizable: adj.容易认出的，易于识别的 After so many years she was still recognizable. a. The dead womans face had been beaten out of all shape. b. The city has changed beyond . c. He was so much changed that I could hardly him.,recognizable,recognition,recognized,13. Professional workers in recreation services, too, will find that to impart positive leisure attitudes to the general public is essential for motivating them to use their leisure in creative and satisfying ways. 译：从事娱乐业的专业工作者也会发现，培养大众积极的休闲态度对促使他们创造性地和满意地利用闲暇时间十分必要。 motivate: 作为的动机，激发 n. motivation 动机,positive: adj. 积极的，肯定的； 明确的，确实的； 阳性的，正的 Who can give me a positive answer? I wonder if he gave positive instructions. The test is positive. 练习: 他在纠正学生错误时总是采取积极的态度。 He always adopts positive attitude when correcting students mistakes.,14. Hence, it can be argued that the people with whom we come into contact in these various contexts are all likely to have exerted some influence in shaping our attitudes, interests and even skills relevant to how we handle leisure. 译：因此，可以认为，我们在不同环境中接触的人都可能在形成我们的态度、兴趣和甚至如何处理闲暇时间等技巧方面产生影响。,relevant: adj. 1. 与 有关的(to) 2. 贴切的，中肯的 All evidence relevant to the case should be gathered and analyzed. This is a relevant question. 练习：他的肤色与他是否是个好律师无关。 His color isnt relevant to whether hes a good lawyer.,15. Parents, teachers in schools, work associates and