名词、动词变化总结练习.docVIP

1、名词A）、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：1） 在后面加s。 如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas2） x, sh, ch, s后加es。 如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, duty-duties, story-stories2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s 如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, way-ways 4） 以o结尾加s. 如：radios, zoos 如是辅音加o的加es. 如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯特殊（外来词、缩写词和专有名词）：photos, pianos，kilos 5） 以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。 如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六）单复数相同（不变的）如：fish, sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese七）只有复数，没有单数 如：people, pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数（集合名词） 如：police警察局/警察, class班/同学, family家/家庭成员9） 合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, passers-by; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers10） 有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类; paper纸 papers报纸/卷子/论文; work工作 works作品/工厂; glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯/眼镜; orange桔子水 oranges橙子; light光线 lights灯; people人 peoples民族; time时间 times时代/次数; chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡 十一） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB）、名词的所有格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：一）单数在后面加s。如：brothers, Mikes, teachers2） 复数以s结尾的直接在s后加，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。 如：Teachers Day教师节, Childrens Day六一节, Womens Day三八节3） 由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Bens room迈克和本的房间（共住一间）Mikes and Bens rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）4） 双重所有格：名词加所属的人/物“名词+ of + 名词所有格” 如：a picture of my fathers, a book of Toms 2、动词A） 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains二）在x, sh, ch, s后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。 如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys四）以o结尾加es。如：does, goes五）特殊的有：are-is, have-hasB） 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：1） 一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing2） 以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having3） 以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show showing, draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于3、形容词的级在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：1） 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter shortest, taller tallest, longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest2） 以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest3） 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)good/well - better best； many/much - more most； bad/ill worse worst；little- less least； old- older/elder oldest/eldest；far- farther/further farthest/furthest5、 数词 (不规则：一、二、三、五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾变为i, 加eth) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth4、特殊疑问句 问年龄 How old is Lucy? -She is twelve. 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? -I like action movies and comedies. 问身体状况 How is your uncle? -He is well/fine. 问方式 How do/can you spell it? -L-double O-K. How do you go to work? -By bike/ On foot. 问原因 Why do you want to join the club? 问时间 Whats the time? (=What time is it?) -Its ten. What time do you usually get up, Rick? -At five oclock. When do you want to go? -Lets go at 7:00. 问地方 Wheres my backpack? -Its under the table. 问颜色 What color are they? -They are light blue. Whats your favourite color? -Its black. 问人物 Whos that? -Its my sister. Who is the boy in blue? -My brother. Who isnt at school? -Peter and Emma. Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? 问东西 Whats this/that (in English)? -Its a pencil case. What else can you see in the picture? -I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11问姓名 Whats your aunts name? -Her name is Helen./Shes Helen. Whats your family name? -My family names Smith.12 问哪一个 Which do you like? -I like one in the box.13 问价格 How much are these pants? -Theyre 15 dollars.14 问电话号码 Whats your phone number? -Its 576-8349.15 问谓语(动作) Whats he doing? -Hes watching TV.16 问职业(身份) What do you do? -Im a teacher. Whats your father? -Hes a doctor.名词单数变复数练习：一、请写出下列名词的复数形式City zoo country tooth mouse boy room_car_tree_horse_bus_fox_branch_baby_family_country._radio_photo_piano_knife_leaf_life_thief_man_woman_child_foot_womanteacher_diary day_foot_book_dress_sheep_box_sandwich_paper_ 二、单项选择1.The_inouryardareverybeautiful. A.clothB.waterC.flowers2. TomisoneoftheChinese_inourschool. A.boyB.boysC.boies3. Acathasfour_,doesntit? A.footsB.feetC.feets4.Therearethree_andfive_intheroom.A.American,JapaneseBAmericans,JapaneseC.American,Janpaneses5. Canyouseenine_inthepicture? A.fishB.bookC.horse6.The_hastwo_.A.boy;watchB.boy;watchesC.boys;watch7. The_areflyingbacktotheircountry. A.GermanyB.GermanysC.Germans8. Thegirlbrushesher_everydaybeforehegoestobed. A.toothsB.teethC.teeths三、填入所给名词的正确形式1.Ihavetwo_(knife)2.Therearemany_here.(box)3.Therearemany_ontheroad.(bus)4.Afew_aredrawingonthewall.(boy)5.The_areplayingfootballnow.(child)名词所有格练习：1.TodayisSeptember10th.Its_Day.A.Teacher B.TeachersC.Teachers D.Teacher2.ItsJune1st,its_Day.A.Childrens B.ChildrensC.Childrens D.Childrenss3.Thisyear,_isonMay9th.A.MymothersbirthdayB.MymothersbirthdayC.MymothersbirthdayD.Mymotherssbirthday4.WhereisMr.Zhang?Heisinthe_.A.teachersreadingroomB.teachersreadingroomC.teacherreadingroomD.teachersreadingroom5.Theseare_.A. newspaperoftodayB.todaysnewspaperC.todaysnewspapersD.todaynewspapers6.Thisis_.A. MikeandJimsbike B.MikesandJimbikeC.MikesandJimsbikeD.MikeandJimbike7._hastravelledtoBeijing.A.AfriendofherB.AfriendofhersC.Aherfriend D.Hersonefriend8. This year, the most popular _ hat is that kind. A. womans B. womens C. womens D. womans 9. BillyandIaregoodfriends,Ihave_. - Lookatthisone,howsweetheissmiling!A. somepicturesofBillyB.somepicturesofBillysC.someBillyspictures D.somepicturesofBilly现在分词变化练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_swim _make_go_like_write_ski_ read_have_ sing _dance_ put_see_ buy _love_ live_ take_come _get_ stop_sit _ begin_shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing) in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook ) some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance ) in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have) supper now10._Helen_(wash ) clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_ 2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作否定回答)_3.Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_序数词变化练习：一、根据句子意思填空1.ChildrensDay（儿童节）isonthe_ofJune（六月）.2.Thereare_months（月）inayear(年).3.TeachersDay(教师节)isonthe_ofSeptember（九月）.4.Threeplus(加)sixis_.二、选择填空。()1.Mycousinsbirthdayinonthe ofOctober.A.threeB.firstC.thesecond()2.Whatdateisittoday?ItsofApril.A.twelfthB.the12thC.12th()3.Thereare daysinaweek.A.thesevenB.seventhC.theseventhD.seven()4.Sundayisthedayofaweek.A.oneB.firstC.Second ()5.Twenty-eightminus(减)sixis.A.thetwenty-secondB.twenty-twoC.twenty-second()6.Fourplus(加)istwelve.A.sevenB.eightC.nine三、根据题意，填入合适的数词。1、Sundayisthe()dayofaweek.2、Septemberisthe()mothofayear.3、Octoberthe()isNationalofayear.4、Thereare_daysinFebruary.直击中考序数词训练()1.（2006重庆）The_questionismuchmoredifferentthanthisone.A.sixthB.sixC.sixteenD.sixty()2.（2006孝感）Thisisthe_timein_daysthathehasmadethesamemistake.A.second,thirdB.two,threeC.two,thirdD.second,three3.（2006湖北黄冈）-Howoldisyourson?-_.Wehadaspecialpartyforhis_birthdaylastSunday.A. Nine;nineB.Nine;ninthC.Ninth;ninthD.Ninth;nine()4.（2007佛山）_GuangdongSportsGameswasheldinFoshanlastNovember.A.ThetwelveB.TwelfthC.Thetwelfth()5.(05福州)Thursdayisthe_dayoftheweek.(five)()6.(05重庆)Hebelievedhisluckynumberwasten,sohedecidedtoliveonthe_floor.A. lowestB.tenC.tenth()8.(05贵州黔西南州) Ihavemade_dumplings.NowImmakingthe_one.A. twenty;twentieth-first B.twenty;twenty-firstC.twentieth;twenty-first D.twenty;twenty-one形容词比较级最高级变化练习：一、用适当形式填空：1. Bob is_( young )thanFred but_(tall)thanFred.2. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English.3. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.4 A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.5. An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.6. Playing computer games is_ _ _ of all the activities.(interesting).7. The Nile(尼罗河) is _ _river in the world. (long)8. Good health is _ _ _thing life. (important)9. Taking a taxi is _ _ way to get to the airport. (easy)10. She is_ than all the other students. (young)11. Where is the _bus-stop? (near)12. Tom drives much _ _than John. (careful)13. The white flow