中考英语被动语态讲解ppt模版课件

,被动语态 专项讲练,The passive voice 被动语态 被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。 被动语态由be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,各种句型的被动形式,肯定句 主语+be+过去分词+（by ） 否定句 主语+be not+过去分词+（by ） 一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词+(by )? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+be+主语+过去分词 + （by ）？,注意：这里 be 的形式决定了被动语态的时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。,重点内容,主动句与被动句之间的转换 We bought some books. 主语 + 谓语动词过去式的主动语态 + 宾语 Some books were bought ( by us ) 主语+谓语动词过去式的被动语态 + 介词+ 宾语,将下列句子由主动句变为被动句或由被动句变为主动句：,Zheng Jie invented this special pen.变被动句,2)The bike was fixed up by Jimmy. 变主动句,3) People use sunglasses to protect their eyes.,4) Teachers allow students to put up hands in class.,This special pen was invented Zheng Jie.,Jimmy fixed up the bike,Sunglasses are used (by people) to protect eyes.,Students are allowed (by teachers) to put up hands in class.,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时：,变为被动语态,S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.,一般过去时：,S+was/were +过去分词,They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This room was used for resting by them.,3.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.,一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词,We will hold a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be held by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,4Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.,情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned well by them.,Exercises： 1.Many people speak English. 2.People used knives for cutting things. 3.We can use the box as a table. 4.We should clean the classroom every day. 5.She will repair the bike tomorrow.,English is spoken by many people . Knives are used by people for cutting things. The box can be used by us as a table. The classroom should be cleaned by us every day. The bike will be repaired by her tomorrow,Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词,1.Lucy is watering the trees. The trees are being watered by Lucy. 2.We have finished our compositions. Our compositions have been finished by us.,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 情态动词： 现在进行时： 过去进行时 现在完成时： 过去完成时：,S+ am/is /are + done,S+can/may/must/should+be+done,S+ will + be + done,S+ was/were + being+ done,S+ have/has + been+ done,S+ was/were + done,各种时态的被动语态构成,S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,S+ had + been+ done,主动语态变被动语态的步骤（宾主换，谓被动） 1、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语； 2、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构； 3、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by 引出， 当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。,英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats. (被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 被动语态的构成 由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成 助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。,知识点,各种句型的被动形式,肯定句 主语+be+过去分词+（by ） 否定句 主语+be not+过去分词+（by ） 一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词+(by )? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+be+主语+过去分词 + （by ）？,注意：这里 be 的形式决定了被动语态的时态，其后的过去分词没有变化。,重点内容,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 情态动词： 现在进行时： 过去进行时 现在完成时： 过去完成时：,S+ am/is /are + done,S+can/may/must/should+be+done,S+ will + be + done,S+ was/were + being+ done,S+ have/has + been+ done,S+ was/were + done,各种时态的被动语态构成,S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,S+ had + been+ done,Exercises： 1.Many people speak English. 2.People used knives for cutting things. 3.We can use the box as a table. 4.We should clean the classroom every day. 5.She will repair the bike tomorrow.,English is spoken by many people . Knives are used by people for cutting things. The box can be used by us as a table. The classroom should be cleaned by us every day. The bike will be repaired by her tomorrow,被动语态的句式： 肯定句：主语+情态动词+be+动词的过去分词 否定句: 主语+情态动词+not+be+动词的过去分词 一般疑问句:情态动词+主语+be+动词的过去分词？ Yes ,主语+情 ； No ,主语+情 +not,肯定句: Your homework should be finished by yourself. It can be used for writing. 否定句： Books cant be taken out of the readingroom. Teenagers should not be allowed to go out at night. 疑问句: Should young trees be watered every day? Where can the book be bought? 反意疑问句： Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes , shouldnt they ?,使用被动语态应注意的几个问题 1.主动语态不带to的变为被动语态，须加上“to” hear、 listen to make、let、have、watch、see, look at, notice、 feel、help, 等。 例：make sb do sth sb+ be +made to do sth see sb do sth sb +be +seen to do sth A girl saw Tom fall off the tree. Tom was seen to fall off the tree by a girl. The boss made the workers work hard.? The workers were made to work hard .,2. “双宾语”改被动语态，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词.(这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定) pass、bring、buy、 show、send、 give、cook等。把指“人”的间接宾语变主语，“物”不变。 He gave me a book. 变直接宾语加to .变间接宾语不加 I was given a book (by him). A book was given to me (by him). He showed me a ticket. I was shown a ticket (by him). A ticket was shown to me (by him). My father bought me a new bike. I was bought a new bike (by my father). A new bike was bought for me (by my father).,间接宾语,直接宾语,5. 什么时候不加by 注意：1)不知道谁是执行者 eg:His new car was stolen. 2)情调动作的承受着而不是执行者 eg:The car was parked in front of this shop. 3)礼貌及委婉语气 eg:All the work must be finished before May.,“主动”表“被动” 常见的三种情况,（1）表示某物自身内在特点，主动表示被动。常见： This pen writes well. The shirt washes well. This new book sells well. The door wont work. The shop opens/closes at 8:00 am. 注意区别：The shirt is being washed now.汉译？,(2) 有些词如want, need, require和 be worth后面， V-ing形式为主动，意义为被动。 如：The room needs/wants/requires cleaning. =The room needs /wants /required to be cleand. The book is worth reading.,(3) 句型“主语+be+形容词+to do”，“主语”是“不定式”的“逻辑宾语”，通常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 这类形容词有：easy，difficult，heavy，hard，nice，dangerous,light,interestingimportant，expensive，fit，comfortable，impossible等。 The picture is pleasant to look at The chair is comfortable to sit on The work is impossible to finish. 注意：当不定式中的动词是不及物动词时，要根据需要补充相应的介词。 The pen is comfortable to write with.,无被动语态的动词：不及物动词无被动 happen, belong to, suit, fit(适合), have, let, join, fall, last（延长）,cost,break out（爆发）appear, burst out(迸发)，hold(容纳)，lack（缺乏），agree with This room can hold 500 people. Taiwan belongs to China. The T-shirt fits me very well, and it only cost 20 yuan. SARS broke out in China that year. Great changes have taken place in the last ten years in china .,get / have sth. done 含被动 (找人做某事) 十六岁的孩子不应该打耳洞。 Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to get their ears pierced. I should get my shoes repaired. He should have his hair cut. Lets get the work done.,口诀1：宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动be加done,时态看主动。 口诀2：如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾 语后加to/for(pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell) 口诀3：有些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。两听，两感觉，三做，四看 He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him. 口诀4.含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。 They take good care of the baby. The baby is taken good care of by them,中考挑战,各种时态的被动结构练习,1、The Chinese food _ to be the healthiest in the world. A. considers B. is considering C. is considered D. has considered 2、John _ , for he went swimming yesterday without permission. would punished B. had punished C. punished D. was punished 3、- Have you moved into the new house ? - Not yet .Rooms _. A. are painting B. are painted C. are being painting D. are being painted,一般时态：am/is/are +过去分词,现在进行时态：am/is/are +being +过去分词,过去时态：was/were +过去分词,4、Mr. Wu was in hospital . when we went to see him , he _on . A. operated B. was operated C. was operating D. was being operated 5、The new school _ when the new term begins. A. finishes B. will finish C. will be finished D. would finish 6、The old scientist said that he _ to visit their country before long . A. invited B. had invited C. was inviting D. would be invited,过去进行时态：was/were + being +过去分词,一般将来时态：will + be+过去分词,过去将来时态：would + be+过去分词,7、With the help of the Hope Project, more and more new schools _ in the poor area. A. built B. have built C. have been built D. have been building 8、He came out and told us that the work _. A. finished B. was finished C. had finished D. had been finished 9、The programmes _ easily if you use a short wave radio. A. can pick up B. pick up C. picked up D. can be picked up,现在完成时态：have/has + been +过去分词,过去完成时态：had + been +过去分词,情态动词：情态动词+be +过去分词,中考真题链接,1. I feel very happy that I _ to be the host. Congratulations! (07 江西) A. choose B. am chosen C. was chosen D. haven chosen 2. Today Chinese _ by more and more people around the world. (07北京) A. was spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. speak,3(课改实验区考生做) (07重庆) Your hometown has changed a lot Yes. Take a look at these tall buildings. They _ last year A. build Bbuilt C. was built Dwere built (非课改实验区考生做) Why is the classroom so dirty? Sorry, sir. It _ yesterday We forgot to do it A. dont clean B. didnt clean C. werent cleaned D. wasnt cleaned,中考被动语态考题 1.The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考题） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 2.This book _ often _from the library.(北京市中考题） A arent ， take away B taken， away C isnt ， taken away D be，taken away 3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黄冈市中考题）,was told,5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (济南市中考题） another man-made satellite into space last week.变主动语态 7.People there planted many trees last year. Trees _ _ by people there last year. (青岛市中考题） 8. They grow vegetables on the farm. The vegetables _ _on the farm（上海市中考题）,T,They sent up,were planted,are grown,9.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 10.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory,was asked,is done,11. Mr Li will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _ yet. (2007 浙江卷) A. hasnt been decided B. havent decided C. isnt being decided D. arent decided,Drills：A: 1.It suddenly snowed while Mary _for the bus. A.waited B.waits C.was waiting D.was waited 2.A big power station( )_in my home town now. A.has been built B.is being built C.has built D.is building . 3.Stamps_by people for sending letters. A.use B.using C.used D.are used. 4.Must old people_to politely? A.speak B.spoken C.be spoke D.be spoken,C,B,D,D,5.Bike mustnt_everywhere. A.be up B.be put C.put C.putting 6.The woman fell off the bike and _on the road. A.lay B.was lain C.lied D.has lain 7.The old man and the children_in our country. A.must take good care B.must be take good care of C.must take good care of Dmust be taken good care of 8.Granny Wang told the little children that the sun_ From the east.A.has risenB.rise C.rises D.is risen,B,A,D,C,9.All trees must_well when it is dry. A.be water B.watering C.water D.be watered 10._I think the shop_. _No,its open. It_at six. 11.Yesterday a visitor_something about hometown. A.asked B.will be asked C.was asked D.has been asked. 12This bike is made in America. Its_for travelling. A.use B.using C.to use D.used,D,D,C,D,一、单项选择 1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did; build 2. An accident _ on this road last week. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened 3. Cotton _ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow 4. A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives 5. How many trees _ this year? A. are planted B. will plant C. have been plante D. planted,6. Neither of them _ in China. A. is made B. are made C. were made D. made 7. Your shoes _. You need a new pair. A. wear out B. worn out C. are worn out D. is worn 8. The doctor _ for yet. A. isnt sent B. hasnt been sent C. wont be sent D. wasnt sent 9. -When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 10. The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 11. I _ in summer. Born B. was born C. have been born D. am born 12. He says that Mr Zhang _ to the factory next week.,A. is sent B. would send C. was sent D. will be sent 13. Who _ this book _? A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written 14. Mary _ show me her new dictionary. A. has asked to B. was asked to C. is asked D. asks to 15. A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us 16. The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped D. to jump 17. The school bag _ behind the chair. A. Puts B. can be put C. can be putted D .can put,18. Older people _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after 19. Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 20. He arrived in Beijing, where he _ his friend. A. was met by B.was met C. was meeting D. met by 21. My brother and I have _her birthday party. A. been invited B. been invited for C. invited to D. been invited to 22. _Chaplin. A. The childs name was called B. The childs name calls C. The child calls D. The child is named,23. The new hall is the tallest building in this town. _from here? A. Can it see B. Can it be seen C. Can it seen D. Can see 24. Young trees _ well when it is dry. A water B waters C must be watered Dwere watered 25. These books _ out of the reading room. You have to read them here. A cant take B must be taken C can take D mustnt be taken 26. We know that this kind of bike _ in Suzhou . A is made B makes C is making D are made 27. When all the work _. You may go back home. A finishes B has finished C is finished D are finished,28. English _ in many countries. is speaking B. is spoken C. speaks D. has spoken 29. The computer _ I Taiwan in 1999. A. is made B. makes C. was made D. made 30.The flowers are watered _ UncleWang every day. A. of B. by C. at D. for 31. His letter _ soon. A. will finish B. is finished C. was finished D. will be finished 32. A new lab building _ in our school in a year. A.puts B.will put up C.was put up D.will be put up 33. My birds _ by one of my best friends when,Im away. A,will be look after B. will be looked after C. be looked after D. will been look after 34. My father _ not to smoke any more. A. told B. tells C. are told D. is told 35. The birthday cake is _. A. eat in we B. eat with us C. eaten by we D. eaten by us 36. Do you know _? A,who the paper is invited B. who the paper was invented C. who the paper is invented by D. who the paper was invented by 37. The sports meeting _ last weekend.,A,is holding B. is held C. was held D. were held 38. The guests _ around the city this Sunday. A. are shown B. will show C. were be shown D. will be shown 39. A talk on Chinese history _ in our school next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give 40. If the cat doesnt run fast enough, is _ by the dog.A. writing B. written C. wrote D. writes 二 、把下列句子改成被动语态,1.必须照看好孩子们。 The children must be taken good care of 2.这本书是鲁迅写的。/。 This book was written by Lu Xun 3.昨天那支笔是他给我的 That pencil was given to me by him yesterday 4.这辆自行车能修吗？ Can this bike be mended? 5.街道已由他们清理了。 The street has been cleaned by them.,1. Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 2. Who was the film the Golden Compass directed by? 3. He is thought to be a good teacher. 4. She is reputed to be the best singer in Europe.,印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。,黄金罗盘是由谁执导的？,他被认为是个好老师。,据说，她是全欧洲最好的歌唱家。,1. Did he break the window yesterday? the window yesterday? 2. Someone took away the books yesterday. 3. We will hold a sports meeting i