新概念第三册课文讲解.doc

一、课文讲解1. The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. 巨轮“泰坦尼克”号1912年4月10日从南安普敦起锚驶向纽约。The great ship, Titanic, 巨轮“泰坦尼克”号（主语，其中Titanic是the great ship的同位语）2. She was carrying 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891. 船上载有1,316名乘客与891名船员。She 她（主语，在英语中，人称代词有拟人化的作用，如轮船往往不用it，而用she）was carrying 载有（谓语，过去进行时态）3. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. 即使用现代标准来衡量，45,000 吨的“泰坦尼克”号与算得上一艘巨轮了。Even by modern standards, 即使用现代标准来衡量，（状语）4. At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. 当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船史上建造的最大的一艘船，而且也被认为是不会沉没的。因为船由16个密封舱组成。其中that had ever been built是一个定语从句，修饰名词ship。had been built （在当时）已经（被）建造的 (谓语，过去完成时态，被动语态)5. for she had sixteen watertight compartments. 因为船由16个密封舱组成，（状语从句）for 因为（引导词）6. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. 即使有两个舱进水，仍可漂浮在水面上。 Even if two of these were flooded, 即使有两个舱进水（状语从句）even if 即使（引导词）7. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life. 然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。will always be remembered, 将永远（被）记着（谓语，一般将来时态，被动语态， 其中always 是状语）on her first voyage 在它的首航with heavy loss of life 伴着严重的人员死亡（状语， with表“伴着” heavy表“惨重的”）8. Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. “泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行驶在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。突然，了望员发现一座冰山。Four days after setting out, “泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天（状语）set out v.出发, 开始9. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. 警报响过不久，巨轮急转弯，以避免与冰山正面相撞。After the alarm had been given, 警报响过不久（状语从句）10. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. “泰坦尼克”这个弯拐得及时，紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去。narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去（状语），其中which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.是一个定语从句，修饰名词ice11.The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged. 由于这个声音非常轻，没人会想到船身已遭损坏。had been 是（系动词的完成时态）此句包括一个“so that ”句型，表示“如此以致于”12. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! 在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉，16个密封舱已有5个进水。had already been flooded已经进水（谓语，过去完成时态，被动语态，already是句中状语）13. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. 于是，他发出弃船的命令，几百人跳进了冰冷刺骨的海水里。The order to abandon ship 弃船的命令（主语，to abandon ship是不定式短语作order的同位语）14. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost. 由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500 人丧生。As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody （状语从句）二、经典句子1. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered,for she went down on her first voyage with heavy lossof life. 然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。2. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowlymissing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of thewater beside her. “泰坦尼克”号的急转弯正好比开了从它旁边漂浮而过的一座浮出水面一百英尺硕大无比的冰墙。3. Below, the captainrealized to his horror that the Titanic wassinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had alreadybeen flooded! 在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉，16个密封舱已有5个进水。4. As there were not enough life-boats for every body, 1500 lives were lost. 由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500 人丧生。三、词汇讲解1. Southampton n. 南安普敦（英国港市）We sailed eastward from New York to Southampton.我们从纽约向东航行至南安普顿。2. colossal adj. 庞大的For the present upsurge of the peasant movement is a colossal event. 因为目前农民运动的兴起是一个极大的问题。3. watertight adj. 不漏水的As soon as the alarm went, the crew raced about shouting the watertight doors.警报一响，船员们跑来跑去把船上的各水密门关紧。4. compartment n. （轮船的）密封舱a compartment on a ship between decks 一艘船上夹板之间的隔间5. flood v. 充满水Our street floods whenever we have rain.我们的街道一下雨就淹水。6. float v. 漂浮，飘浮When youre tired of swimming, just float for a while.你游累了就漂浮一会儿。7. tragic adj. 悲惨的There was a tragic accident on the highway yesterday.昨天公路上发生了一起很惨的事故。8. liner n. 班船They sailed to America in a large liner.他们乘一艘大客轮航行到美国。9. voyage n. 航行It is a prosperous voyage to the ship. 这是那艘船的一次成功的航行。10. iceberg n. 冰山Only the tip of iceberg poped out of water. 只有冰山的尖端突出于水面。11. lookout n. 了望员；瞭望台The general posted a lookout on top of the hill.将军下令在小山顶上设立一个监察哨。12. collision n. 碰撞The two ships came into collision.两艘轮船相撞。13. narrowly adv. 刚刚，勉强地They narrowly missed being killed 15 miles south of Saigon. 在西贡以南15英里的地方，他们差点给打死了。14. miss v. 避开He fired two shots, both missed.他打了两枪, 都没有打中。15. slight adj. 轻微的I have a slight cold.我患了轻微的感冒。16. tremble v. 震颤The room is warm now, but he is still trembling.房间里现在暖和了, 但他仍然哆嗦。17. faint adj. 微弱的The sounds of music grew fainter in the distance.音乐的声音在远处逐渐变得微弱了。18. horror n. 恐惧To his horror, the bus caught fire.使他惊恐的是, 公共汽车着了火。19. abandon v. 抛弃Im sorry I abandoned you like that.很抱歉我那样突然抛下你走了。20. plunge v. 投入，跳入John felt refreshed after a quick plunge in the lake.在湖中游了一会儿泳后, 约翰感到精神振奋。21. lifeboat n. 救生船The lifeboat soon got abreast of the foundering ship. 救生艇很快就赶到了那艘正在下沉的船旁。Language points （Attention：The following points are not covered by the video. It is better for you to watch the video or listen to the MP3 first and try to take notes on your own. Then you may check here to get more details. ）1, The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912.sail for A(place) from B(place) 航海从B处出发，去往A处For 后面接目的地，类似的词组还有：set out for set off for leave forhead formake for出发去往某处e.g. He will set out for the Atlantic.e.g. The plane is making for the airport.e.g. We are heading for Canada.2. She was carrying 1316 passengers and a crew of 89l.形容船只可以用代词shecarry 表示载有a crew of 一组人员3. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.Even by modern standards 即使根据现代的标准even 起到了加强语气的作用;表示根据的介词词组by依据,e.g. by regulation 依据规则by rule 依据条例by our estimate 根据我们的估计by ones looksby ones appearance 根据某人的长相according to 依据 （事实、课文等客观存在的现实）e.g. according to the fact 依据事实 according to the text 依据这篇课文in accordance with 更为正式，常接法律等e.g. in accordance with lawrules在我看来： in my opinion4，At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.be regarded as: be considered to be, be thought of as 把.看作为regard sb. / sth. As 后面可以接 n. / pron. / adj. / doing / donee.g. I regarded his idea as totally unacceptable.e.g. We cant regard the matter as settled.for 表示原因5，Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.be able to 强调有能力ability 能力n.the ability to do sth.有能力做某事be capable of doing sth. 强调有做某事的能力capability of doing sth. 做某事的能力6，The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.be remembered 被永远记住go down: sinkon her first voyage 处女航， 首航with heavy loss of life 损失惨重，造成大批人员的死亡7, Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a look-out.four days after setting out. : four days after setting off.icy waters 水域，海域8，After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.the alarm had been given 发出警报文中还有一个相似表达的句子： The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.The order was given 命令被下达to abandon ship 弃船，不定式做定语9，The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense wall of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.just in time 很及时missing 现在分词做状语，表示对主句的补充说明narrowly 勉强地10，Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded!to ones horror 使某人感到惊讶To ones surprise 令某人惊奇的是大家学得怎么样？我们来测试一下吧！ ExercisesChoice questions:1. _ were 1,316 passengers and a crew of 891 .a. On her board b. On board her c. Boarding her d. On boarding her2. So faint _ that no one thought the ship had been damaged.a. the noise was b. had been the noise c. it was the noise d. it had been the noiseTranslation:3, 他以微弱的差距输掉了选举。4, 让我们惊讶的是，什么也没发生。5, 战争使这个国家陷入完全的混乱。6, 人们常常以貌取人。7, 当她从南安普敦启程时，泰坦尼克开始了她的处女航。8,即便用现代标准来衡量，46，000吨的泰坦尼克也算的上一艘巨轮。9, At that time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.Answer the following question in English:10. What would have happened if only two of the sixteen water-tight compartments had been flooded?Step3 特别的单词总是要特别的待遇，下面的单词最好记住，有空多练习。：）1. colossaladj. 庞大的 英释 large in size； a hugeness that elicits awe or taxes belief词句 a colossal monument a colossal statue a colossal nerve近义表达immense: immeasurable 不可测量的 an immense stadium / an immense crowd of people/ immense pleasure immense strategic importance 极其重要的战略意义enormous: 重点突出数量、程度、体积超出常规；强调程度时，语意强于big He made an enormous success.gigantic: refers to size likened to that of a giant 像巨人一样的大小尺寸a gigantic disappointment 极度失望。mammoth 用于指事物笨拙的或笨重的庞大：a mammoth multinational corporation巨大的跨国公司。tremendous 指大小让人生畏eat a tremendous meal 吃下大量的一餐。stupendous 指大小尺寸让人吃惊或超乎描述范围：an undertaking of stupendous difficulty.着手解决巨大的困难。The whole thing was a stupendous, incomprehensible farce (W. Somerset Maugham). 整个事件就是惊人的、无法了解的闹剧 （W索默尔塞特毛姆）gargantuan 尤其强调容量大，如就食物或快乐而言：a gargantuan appetite惊人的食欲titanic ： great stature or enormous strength titanic waves 大浪/ a titanic mountain range 一座巨大的山脉2.watertight adj. 不漏水的；引申为无懈可击，毫无破绽的英释 so tightly made that water cannot enter or escape词句 a watertight shipwatertight arguments 无懈可击的论点watertight excuse 毫无破绽的借口联想记忆waterproof 防水的waterproof coat 防水雨衣anti-water 防水的，抗水的3. flood v. 充满水 n. 洪水英释 be filled with water词句 The ship is flooded. Foreign goods flooded its market.固定搭配 in flood 河水泛滥； 引申表示连续不断的During the rains, the river is in flood.in a flood of words 滔滔不绝的She blamed her husband in a flood of words on seeing him.flood with /be flooded with 使充满The room was flooded with moonlight.联想记忆deluge with /be deluge with 泛滥，漫溢He was deluged with questions. 他为大堆问题所困。The town was deluged with thick slimy mud.城镇淹浸在一层深深的烂泥里。drown sth.(in sth):flood sth 淹没The dam broke and its waters drowned the entire valley.大坝决堤，整个山谷都被水淹没了。Her eyes were drowned in tears.她泪眼汪汪。4. tragic adj. 悲惨的英释 unfoutunate; 词句a tragic accident/loss/mistake灾难性的事故/损失/错误Hers is a tragic story. 她的经理悲惨。近义表达miserable 苦难的 bitter 痛苦的联想记忆tragedy n. 悲剧， 惨剧 in tragedy 以悲剧形式The holiday ended in tragedy.5. voyage n. 航行联想记忆flight 飞行journey 长途行程traval 旅行（指长途，为生意、游玩而出门）excursion 短途路性，远足go on /make a day excursion to the Great Wall 长城一日游tour （泛指到任何地方）旅游，巡回a round-the world tour 环球旅行go on/make /do a tour of the museum参观博物馆navigation 航海，航海术The voyage is more than the old lady can bear.6. collision n. 碰撞固定词组be in/come into collision (with) 撞击，和.发生矛盾The liner was reported to have been in collision with an oil-tanker.据报道，那艘班船和一艘油轮相撞了。His political activities brought him to collision with the law. 他的政治活动使他触犯了法律。词句There was a three-car collision on the motorway.高速公路上，三辆小车相撞了。A collision with Parliament could ruin the governments plans.与议会的冲突可能破坏政府的计划。近义表达crash v. 坠毁It is said that there is an airplane that crashed in the mountains.conflict vi. 和某事（某人）相抵触My idea conflicts with yours.in conflict (with ) (和.)有矛盾，不一致Their account of the event was in conflict with ours.他们对于这件事情的报道和我们的报道相反。clash vi. 相冲突His wedding clashed with my examination, so I couldnt go.collide vi 碰撞，抚触The plane collided with the mountain7. tremble v. 震颤；有规律的、小幅度的抖动近义表达tremble ,shake为普通用词，指由于寒冷，愤怒，恐惧兴奋，疲劳等所导致的颤动，亦可指物体的颤动 tremble /shake with cold/anger shiver v. 强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动,常是持续性的 I found hes shivering in a the wind-swept street.他站在寒风凛冽的街上发抖。shudder vi. 强调看到或想到可怕的事情而全身颤栗，是一时性的，程度比以上三个都厉害。 The boy is shuddering, why? Because he was frightened. We all shuddered at the pictures of the fascist concentration camps.我们看到法西斯集中营的照片就不寒而栗。vibrate 除表示颤动外，还表示振动，动荡 His voice vibrated with passion.他的声音因激动而颤抖。8. faint adj. 微弱的;unconscious 失去知觉词句faint sound / faint voiceThere is a faint hope that she may be cured.她可能治愈的希望渺茫。He has been faint for a long time.近义表达:一点也不的几个表达法not the faintest=not the slightest:=not the remotest:=not the foggiest=not at all I havent the faintest idea what you mean.I havent the foggiest notion what you are talking about.I havent the remotest conception who did it.9. abandon v. 抛弃词句He abandoned all hope.He abandoned his research because of the war.近义表达desert 背弃，遗弃 desert the army / desert the duty / desert his familyforsake 抛弃，放弃，改掉（习惯） Never forsake a friend when he is in trouble. She pleaded with her husband not to forsake her.renounce 放弃（权利等），宣布不承认（不做某事，不吃某物等） He renounced his religion and became a Muslim. He renounced his wicked son. 他宣布与他那逆子断绝关系。10. plunge v. （猛地）投入，跳入（无姿势）；陷入英释 jump or rush suddenly and wildly词句He got so angry that he plunged into the water.When the ship Titanic sank in the ocean, a large number of people plunged into.近义表达jump:侧重强调快速地跳 The boy is jumping up and down.leap: 跳跃 He leapt out of the sleeping bad.dive 跳水、潜水、俯冲 He dived into his jacket pocket to make sure his wallet was still there.Step4 记住一些常用前缀，以后就可以望词生义了。呵呵，我们试试哦，不好就扔砖头。 Word Building 构词法动词后加-er, 如果是以不发音的-e结尾的，只加-r,