2013科技英语考试答案.doc

一、单选题（共15道试题，共15分。）V 1.Scientists have discovered that genes may make some people more _ to anxiety. A. tend B. proneC. likelyD. possible满分：1分2.One cause of the current food crisis is _ and food prices are high in part because of the dry weather in these places. A. floodB. coughC. roughD. drought满分：1分3.Alice trusts you.Only you can （ ） her to give up the foolish idea A. suggestB. attractC. temptD. persuade满分：1分4.The contract signed two years ago between the two companies will _ at the end of the year. A. expectB. expireC. revise D. explore满分：1分5.Enough lava had _ from the volcano to bury the entire village. A. disruptedB. splashedC. eruptedD. spilt满分：1分6.Their marriage was in danger of breaking up last year but it seems quite _ now. A. favourableB. criticalC. profitableD. stable满分：1分7.The present wave of strikes _ from discontent among the lower-paid. A. stemsB. trapsC. raisesD. ranges满分：1分8.If it_tomorrow, we will stay indoors to have our training class. A. rainsB. rainedC. will rainD. is raining满分：1分9.The longer the economic decline is allowed to go on the more difficult it will be to （ ） it A. underlineB. upsetC. resumeD. reverse满分：1分10.International students are likely to _ their counterparts from various countries and areas and are exposed to diverse ideas and values. A. counterB. foundC. metD. encounter 满分：1分11.The islands population initially numbered 180, but there was a gradual _ until only 40 people were left. A. declinationB. inclineC. inclinationD. decline满分：1分12.Coal can be _ into gas with the help of the modern technology. A. yieldB. convertedC. overcameD. reverted满分：1分13.Parents should make their children realize that studying is happy but not _ them to do what they dont like A. makeB. compelC. driveD. enable满分：1分14.Her brother _ to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order A. declaredB. threatenedC. warnedD. exclaimed满分：1分15.The child _ his parents quarrelling and he was frightened. A. overheard B. virtualizedC. scratchedD. oversaw二、阅读理解（共2道试题，共20分。）V 1.Psychiatrists ( 精神病专家) who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child rearing - older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents biggest, and often unspoken, fear. Having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, particularly fathers, end up retiring much later. For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But hes also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but hes learned that young at heart doesnt mean young. Lately hes been taking afternoon naps (午睡) to keep up his energy. My body is aging, says Metcalf. You cant get away from that.Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. They worry theyll be mistaken for grandparents, or that theyll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school, says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: that they wont be alive long enough to support and protect their child, she says.Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility (受孕) treatment, Marilyn Nolen and her husband. Randy, had twins. We both wanted children, says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years, a sense of family. Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives. The dads are older, more mature, says Dr. Silber, and more ready to focus on parenting. 1).Why do psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child rearing?A. Older parents can better balance their resources against childrens demands.B. Older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.C. Older parents are often better prepared financially.D. Older parents can take better care of their children.满分：2分2).What does the author mean by saying For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream (Lines 7-8, Para. 1)?A. They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.B. They cant get full pension unless they work some extra years.C. They cant obtain the retirement benefits they have dreamed of.D. They are reluctant to retire when they reach their retirement age.满分：2分3).The author gives the example of Henry Metcalf to show that _.A. many people are young in spirit despite their advanced ageB. taking afternoon naps is a good way to maintain energyC. older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodiesD. older parents should exercise more to keep up with their athletic children满分：2分4).Whats the biggest fear of older parents according to New York psychologist Joan Galst?A. Being laughed at by other people.B. Slowing down of their pace of life.C. Being mistaken for grandparents.D. Approaching of death.满分：2分5).What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Nolen?A. They thought they were an example of successful fertility treatment.B. Not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a family.C. They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter.D. Not until they reached middle age did they think of having children.满分：2分2. The current energy security system was created in response to the 1973 Arab oil embargo to ensure coordination among the industrialized countries in the event of a disruption in supply, encourage collaboration on energy policies, and deter any future use of an “oil weapon” by exporters. Its key elements are the Paris-based International Energy Agency (IEA), whose members are the industrialized countries; strategic stockpiles of oil, including the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserves; continued monitoring and analysis of energy markets and policies; and energy conservation and coordinated emergency sharing of supplies in the event of a disruption. The emergency system was set up to offset major disruptions that threatened the global economy and stability, not to manage prices and the commodity cycle. Since the systems inception in the 1970s, a coordinated emergency drawdown of strategic stockpiles has occurred only twice: on the eve of the Gulf War in 1991 and in the autumn of 2005 after Hurricane Katrina. Experience has shown that to maintain energy security countries must abide by several principles. The first and most familiar is what Churchill urged more than 90 years ago: diversification of supply. Multiplying ones supply sources reduces the impact of a disruption in supply from one source by providing alternatives, serving the interests of both consumers and producers, for whom stable markets are a prime concern. But diversification is not enough. A second principle is resilience, a “security margin” in the energy supply system that provides a buffer against shocks and facilitates recovery after disruptions. Resilience can come from many factors, including sufficient spare production capacity, strategic reserves, backup supplies of equipment, adequate storage capacity along the supply chain, and the stockpiling of critical parts for electric power production and distribution, as well as carefully conceived plans for responding to disruptions that may affect large regions. Hence the third principle: recognizing the reality of integration. There is only one oil market, a complex and worldwide system that moves and consumes about 86 million barrels of oil every day. For all consumers, security resides in the stability of this market. Secession is not an option. A fourth principle is the importance of information. High-quality information underpins well-functioning markets. On an international level, the IEA has led the way in improving the flow of information about world markets and energy prospects. That work is being complemented by the new International Energy Forum, which will seek to integrate information from producers and consumers. Information is no less crucial in a crisis, when consumer panics can be instigated by a mixture of actual disruptions, rumors, and fear. In such situations, governments and the private sector should collaborate to counter panics with high-quality, timely information. As important as these principles are, the past several years have highlighted the need to expand the concept of energy security in two critical dimensions: the recognition of globalization of the energy security system, which can be achieved especially by engaging China and India, and the acknowledgement of the fact that the entire energy supply chain needs to be protected. 1).The energy security system was established for the following long-term purpose EXCEPT _.A. protecting profits of industrialized countries during Arab oil embargoB. making effective coordination among those industrialized countriesC. promoting cooperation in making policies about energyD. preventing oil exporters from using oil as a weapon against other countries满分：2分2).Which of the following statements about International Energy Agency is NOT true?A. Its headquarter is located in Paris.B. Its members include developed and developing countries.C. It monitors and analyzes the energy market and policies.D. It makes great efforts to save energy and deal with oil disruption.满分：2分3).The first and foremost thing that both consumers and producers are concerned about is _.A. various supply sourcesB. stable energy marketsC. the largest profitsD. reasonable prices满分：2分4).Integration, the third principle to maintain energy security, means to _.A. recognize the reality of energy shortageB. guarantee the stability of energy marketC. realize the unity of the worldwide marketD. protect ones independent interests满分：2分5).The main purpose of this passage is to _.A. convince readers that energy security is importantB. introduce the major energy organizations of U.S.C. inform readers what the energy security system is likeD. present principles for ensuring energy security三、简答题（共5道试题，共15分。）V 1.But genetically modified, virus-resistant crops can reduce that damage, as can drought-tolerant seeds in regions where water shortages limit the amount of land under cultivation. 但是转基因的抗病毒作物可以减少这种损失，就像在因水资源短缺而限制了可耕种土地量的地区用抗旱的种子可以减少损失一样。满分：3分 2.There has been some concern that the larger denomination notes a 500 note is worth approximately 315 at the current exchange rate will be rich pickings for counterfeiters, especially in the early days as people get used to the new currency. 目前令人担心的是高面值欧元纸币可能出现的假币问题，500欧元的纸币按目前的汇率值315英镑，这为造假者牟取暴利提供了很大便利，尤其是在人们对欧元还不太熟悉的初期阶段。满分：3分 3.Your choices are usually limited: find a good job in the small business world, stand in line at unemployment, or accept a cut in pay and benefits. 你的选择通常是有限的：在小企业的世界里找到好工作，站在失业的队列里或者接受减薪。满分：3分 4. 中国是一个富产宝贵的自然资源原油的国家。(be rich in) China is a country rich in crude oil which is a precious natrual resource. 满分：3分 5.他虽然学识渊博，但对这种生物科技引起的情况他也不知道如何应付。(for all ) For all his learning,he didnt know how to cope with the situation caused by the biotechnology.满分：3分 四、完型填空（共1道试题，共10分。）V 1. In recent years a new farming revolution has begun, one that involves the manipulation of life at a (1) level the gene. The study of genetics has (2) a new industry called biotechnology. As the name suggest, it incorporates biology (3) modem technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies specialize in agriculture and are working passionately to (4) seeds that give a high yield, that (5) diseases, drought and frost, and that reduce the need for (6) chemicals. If such goals could be achieved, it would be most (7). But some have raised concerns about genetically engineered crops. In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain (8) . A rose can be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato. Genetic engineering, (9) usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into another (10) to transfer a desired characteristic. This could mean, for example, selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with anti-freeze (11) from an artic fish, and inserting it into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant. (12), then, biotechnology allows humans to breach the genetic walls that separate species. Like the green revolution, (13) some call, the gene revolution (14) to the problem of genetic uniformitysome say even more so (15) geneticists can employ techniques such (16) cloning and organ culture(培养), processes that produce perfectly (17) copies. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, remain. Genetically altered plants, however, raise new (18), such as the effects that they may have on us and the environment. “We are flying blindly into a new (19) of agricultural biotechnology with high hopes, few constraints, and little idea of the potential (20),” said science writer Jeremy Rifkin.1).A. fundamentalB. governmentalC. mentalD. instrumental满分：0.5分2).A. got along withB. given rise toC. come up withD. lived up to满分：0.5分3).A. intoB. fromC. withD. for满分：0.5分4).A. raiseB. experimentC. cultivateD. gather满分：0.5分5).A. restrictB. resistC. reverseD. recur满分：0.5分6).A. hostileB. uselessC. hopelessD. harmless满分：0.5分7).A. beneficialB. disappointingC. lastingD. glooming满分：0.5分8).A. linesB. limitsC. speciesD. ages满分：0.5分9).A. after allB. on the other handC. in any caseD. as a rest满分：0.5分10).A. to the pointB. in no caseC. in an attemptD. with regard满分：0.5分11).A. qualityB. superiorityC. priorityD. quantity满分：0.5分12).A. In essenceB. In partC. In advanceD. In return满分：0.5分13).A. whatB. where C. asD. so满分：0.5分14).A. combineB. contributesC. commandD. break满分：0.5分15).A. thatB. becauseC. ifD. when满分：0.5分16).A. likeB. for exampleC. asD. is满分：0.5分17).A. resemblingB. alikeC. similarD. identical满分：0.5分18).A. issuesB. heightC. difficultiesD. goals满分：0.5分19).A. spotB. eraC. deadlineD. scheme满分：0.5分20).A. navigationB. mysteryC. outcomesD. destination五、主观填空题（共10道试题，共20分。）V 1. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词If you lose your members card, please inform the club in time and transact (transaction) the procedure again.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分2. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词Conversion(convert) to gas central heating will save you a lot of money.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分3. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词You idea at least disposed (disposal) of the immediate problem though it may not be the best solution.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分4. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词Scientists claimed yesterday to have solved (solution) the riddle of the birth of the universe.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分5. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词More aid should be given to the needy families in those i（ ndigent ）(穷困的) villages, instead of wasting huge sums of money on tax-cuts for the rich.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分6. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词There are many ways to r elease (释放) your pressure and stress from which you have suffered a lot.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分7. Fixed assets c ontain (包含) buildings, equipment and machinery, motor vehicles and other.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分8. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词A combined strength of a headful of human hair is capable of supporting a weight equivalent （相当的）to that of 99 people.试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分9. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词It is ordered that the annual timber production plan should not exceed the approval annual cutting q uota (定额).试题满分：2分第1空、满分：2分10. 根据括弧中的提示写出形式和拼写正确的单词I enclosed (放入封套) my completed application form, giving full details of my experienceand qualifications. i am available for interview at any time.六、简答题（共5道试题，共15分。）V 1.问答题 （根据课本内容回答问题）： How many branches are included in Geology? What are they? Many.Mineralogy,Petrology,Geomorphology,Historical geology,Stratigraphy,Paleontology