规则动词的过去式变化如下.doc

规则动词的过去式变化如下： 1、一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如： work -worked play-played wanted-wanted act-acted 2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如： live-lived move-moved taste-tasted hope-hoped 3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如： study-studied copy-copied cry-cried carry-carried 4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stop -stopped 5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。 go went make made get got buy - bought come - came fly-flew 不规则动词的过去式的构成 1把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如： beginbegan，drinkdrank，givegave，ringrang，singsang，sitsat，swimswam 2把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如： drivedrove，riderode，writewrote 3改动词原形中的aw ow为ew，变成过去式。如： drawdrew，growgrew，knowknew，throwthrew（动词show除外，showshowed） 4动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如： getgot，forgetforgot 5动词原形中的ee改为e，变成过去式。如： feedfed，meetmet 6动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如： keepkept，sleepslept，sweepswept 7动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如： breakbroke，speakspoke 8动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如： sellsold，telltold 9动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如： standstood，understandunderstood 10以ought和aught结尾，且读音是 :t的过去式。如： bringbrought，buy bought，thinkthought，catchcaught，teachtaught 11以ould结尾且读音为ud的情态动词过去式。如： cancould，shallshould，willwould 12把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。如： comecame，becomebecame 13在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如： hearhi heardh :d， sayseisaidsed，meanmi:nmeantment 14动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如： letlet，mustmust，putput，readreadred 15不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如： am，iswas，arewere，buildbuilt，dodid，eatate，fallfell，feelfelt，findfound，flyflew，gowent，have has had，holdheld，leaveleft，makemade，maymight，runran，seesaw，taketook 过去式“-ed”的发音规则 （1）动词词尾为“t，d”时，发/ id /音， want wanted （要）need needed （需要） （2）动词词尾为清辅音时，发/ t / 音。 help helped （帮助）laugh laughed （笑）look looked （看） kiss kissed （吻）wash washed （洗） watch watched （注视） （3）动词词尾为t，d以外之浊辅音或元音时，发/ d /音。 call called （叫）staystayed （停留）crycried （哭）不规则动词过去式巧记表不规则动词巧记表AAA型 过去式、过去分词与原形一致原形 过去式 过去分词 词义cut cut cut 切、割shut shut shut 关、闭（门窗）put put put 放置let let let 让set set set 设置hit hit hit 撞击hurt hurt hurt 受伤；疼痛cost cost cost 值钱；花费read ri:d read red read red 朗读；阅读AAB型 过去式与原形一致原形 过去式 过去分词 词义beat beat beaten 击败ABA型 过去分词与原形一致原形 过去式 过去分词 词义run ran run 跑步；逃跑come came come 来become became become 变得；成为 ABB型 过去式与过去分词一致原形 过去式 过去分词 词义buy bought bought 买fight fought fought 打架；打仗think thought thought 想；认为原形 过去式 过去分词 词义seek sought sought寻找；探究bring brought brought带来catch caught caught 抓住；接住teach taught taught 教；教书lend lent lent 借出send sent sent 送；派遣spend spent spent 花费（时间、金钱）build built built 建设；建立feel felt felt 感觉；摸起来leave left left 离开keep kept kept 保持；保留sleep slept slept 睡觉oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头sweep swept swept 打扫mean mi:n meant ment meant ment 意思是learn learnt / learned learnt /learned学；学会burn burnt / burned burnt / burned 燃烧；烧伤hear hiE heard hE:d heard hE:d 听见lead led led 领导；致使mislead misled misled 把引错方向feed fed fed 喂养；喂食flee fled fled 逃跑meet met met 遇见；碰到shoot shot shot 射击light lit / lighted lit / lighted 点燃get got got 获得；得到win won won 获胜；赢得sit sat sat 坐下dig dug dug 挖掘stick stuck stuck 刺；戳hang hung hung 悬挂原形 过去式 过去分词 词义hang hanged hanged 绞死sell sold sold 出售tell told told 告诉smell smelt smelt 闻；嗅spell spelt spelt 拼写hold held held 拿着；握住find found found 找到；发现stand stood stood 站立understand understood understood 理解lay laid laid 下蛋pay paid paid 付款say sei said sed said sed 说have /has had had 有make made made 制作shine shone / shined shone / shined 照耀lose lu:z lost lRst lost lRst 丢失ABC型 原形、过去式、过去分词不一致原形 过去式 过去分词 词义begin began begun 开始drink drank drunk 喝；饮ring rang rung 铃（响）；打电话sing sang sung 唱歌sink sank sunk 下沉swim swam swum 游泳blow blew blown 吹；刮风fly flew flown 飞；放（风筝）know knew nju: known 知道；懂得grow grew grown 种植；生长throw threw thrown 扔；投draw drew drawn 绘画原形 过去式 过去分词 词义show showed shown 出示；给看break broke broken 打破；不服从speak spoke spoken 说话steal stole stolen 偷choose chose chosen 选择freeze froze frozen 冻结wake woke woke / woken 醒来；唤醒forget forgot forgotten 忘记take took taken 拿走mistake mistook mistaken 错拿shake shook shaken 摇动；握（手）eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下；摔倒rise rose risen rizn 上升；上涨drive drove driven drivn 驾驶give gave given 给forgive forgave forgiven 原谅see saw seen 看见ride rode ridden 骑（车、马）hide hid hidden 躲藏bite bit bitten 咬forbid forbade / forbad forbidden 禁止；不许write wrote written 书写bear bore born 忍受tear tore torn 撕破wear wore worn 穿、戴（衣帽等）am / is was been 是are were been 是do / does did done 做go went gone 去lie lay lain 躺；卧情态动词的过去式原形 过去式 过去分词 词义must must 必须can could 能够；会shall should 应当will would 将；会不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳 不规则动词过去式和过去分词 (2006年最新创作，极品珍藏，初三)A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同. cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut put-put-put let-let-let set-set-sethit-hit-hit shut-shut-shuthurt-hurt-hurtread-read-read 读音 /e/ lie-lied-lied 说谎 lay-laid-laid 放置，下蛋lay- lain 躺下，位于，平放 eg. The hens dont _eggs during such cold weather. She _ her books on the table. _ B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同1.过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是 :tbright-brought-brought think-thought-thought buy-bought-boughtcatch-caught-caught teach - taught -taught 2.动词原形中的e为o，变成过去式和过去分词。get-got-got sell-sold-sold tell-told-told 3. 动词原形中i为a, sit-sat-sat spit-spat-spat4. 动词原形中i为o, win-won-wonshine-shone/ shined-shone / shined5. 动词原形中an为oo, stand-stood-stoodunderstand-understood-understood 6. 动词原形中的ay为ai, say-said-said pay-paid-paid 7. a）动词原形中的d为t, send-sent-sent lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spent build-built-builtb ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , smell-smelt-smelt lose-lost-lost c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, learn-learnt-learnt mean-meant-meant 读音/e/d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/feel-felt-felt sleep-slept-slept sweep-swept-swept keep- kept- kept其它meet-met-methave-had-had hold-held-held make-made-made dig-dug-dug hear-heard-heard find-found-found hang-hung-hung C.原型与过去分词相同come-came-come run-ran-run become-became-becomeD. 原形，过去式， 和 过去分词完全不同1.把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式，改成u变成过去分词begin - began -begundrink-drank-drunk ring-rang-rung swim-swam-swum sing-sang-sung 2.把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式，在原形词尾加n变成过去分词blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown know-knew-knownthrow - threw - thrown fly -flew /flu:/ -flown ( 和以上相似)3.以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾，故把它们分为一类a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式，在词尾加n变成过去分词drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen write-wrote-written (双写t )ride-rode-ridden (双写d ) b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式，在过去式后加n变成过去分词speak-spoke-spokensteal-stole-stolen break-broke-broken c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词 wake-woke-woken freeze-froze-frozen choose-chose-chosen forget-forgot-forgotten （双写t，加en ）d)其它过去分词以en结尾的动词eat-ate-eatenbeat- beat - beaten fall-fell-fallen give-gave-given see-saw-seen take-took-taken mistake- mistook- mistaken hide-hid-hidden （双写d ）E. 没有过去分词的动词can - could may- might shall- should will - would 其它am, is - was- beenare-were- beendo-did- done draw-drew- drawn :go-went- gone show-showed-shownwear- wore - worn 不规则动词的过去式 （初二）不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点，也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律，总结如下： 1. 把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变如： becomebecame, comecame2把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如： beginbegan，drinkdrank，givegave，ringrang，singsang，sitsat，swimswam ，sinksank，3把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如： drivedrove，riderode，shineshone，winwon，writewrote 4动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如： getgot，forgetforgot 5动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如： keepkept，sleepslept，sweepswept 6. 动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如： standstood，understandunderstood7改动词原形中的aw ow为ew，变成过去式。如： drawdrew，growgrew，knowknew，throwthrew（动词show除外，showshowe