英语高频词汇短语及搭配一.doc

1 高频词汇、短语及搭配高频词汇、短语及搭配 be absent from the class. 缺席，不缺席，不 在在 be present at the meeting 出席出席 be absorbed in sth.全神贯注于全神贯注于 pay attention to sth. 把注意力放在把注意力放在 Sb. has access(to) the library(不可数不可数 名词名词) 能接近能接近,进入进入,了解了解 by accident(=by chance,)偶然地偶然地,意外意外. accident 意外事故意外事故 incident 小插曲小插曲 event 大事件大事件 take sth into account(=consider)把把. 考虑进去考虑进去 in the light of sth (=considering; taking into account) 考虑到考虑到, 根据根据 give sb. an account of sth 说明说明, 解释解释 (理由理由) explain sth to sb. account for sth =explain sth 解释解释, 说说 明明. on account of (=because of) 由于由于,因因 为为. Because +句子句子 Because of +名词名词 due to =owing to accuseof(=chargewith;) 因为因为指控某人指控某人 accuse him of robbery 指控他犯了抢指控他犯了抢 劫罪劫罪 charge him with robbery adapt oneself to + sth (=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于使自己适应于 例例:He quickly adapted himself to the new environment. 他很快就适应了他很快就适应了 新的环境新的环境. adopt my advice = use 采纳采纳 be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做习惯于做 used to do sth 过去常常做过去常常做 He used to get up at 6. He is used to getting up at 6. be accustomed to +doing sth/sth (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于习惯于. 除除外外 副词副词: in addition (=besides) 此外此外, 又又, 加之加之 = furthermore; moreover; also 介词介词: in addition to(=besides,)除除外外 1)He learns English. Besides/in addition(副词副词), he learns French. 2)In addition to(介词介词) English, he 2 learns French. Besides 除了除了之外之外 beside 在在旁边旁边 besides 包括在内的包括在内的 “除除之外之外” except 排除在外的除排除在外的除之外之外 except for 前后不同类物体前后不同类物体 例例: Besides Tom, we went there. Except Tom, we went there. The bus is empty _except for_ an old lady. adhere to 粘附粘附; 坚持坚持, 遵循遵循+ 名词名词 insist on + 名词名词, insist on my plan persist in+ doing , 坚持某一行为坚持某一行为 in advance (beforehand) 预告预告, 事先事先. 例例:He told me the news in advance. 他提前把这个消息告诉我他提前把这个消息告诉我. advantages and disadvantages of TV like dislike 优点和缺点优点和缺点 A has an advantage over B 胜过胜过. This plan has an advantage over that one. 这个计划优于另一个这个计划优于另一个. take advantage of (=make the best of, make full use of, profit from,)利用利用. 例例:我们应当充分利用时间我们应当充分利用时间. We must take advantage of time. agree with sb.赞同赞同(某人意见某人意见) 例例:agree with you 同意你的想法同意你的想法/建建 议议 agree to do sth 同意去做某事同意去做某事 agree on sth 在某一点上达成一致在某一点上达成一致 例例: we all agree on the plan. 主语须主语须 是所有人是所有人. agreement ahead of 在在之前之前, 超超 过过;. ahead of time 提前提前. above all (=most important of all) 尤尤 其是其是, 最重要的是最重要的是. in all (=altogether) 总共总共, 总计总计 after all 毕竟毕竟,终究终究; (not) at all 一点也不一点也不; 根本不根本不 例例: He does not like it at all. all at once(=suddenly)突然突然; first of all 首先首先; appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人为某事向某人 呼吁呼吁. apply for 申请申请; 3 例例: He wants to apply for the job. 他想申请这份工作他想申请这份工作. apply to .把把.运用到运用到. apply the theory to the practice 把理论应用到实践中去把理论应用到实践中去. application 名词名词 approve of 许可许可/批准批准+ the plan disapprove of +名词名词 不批准不批准 like dislike allow sb. to do 允许某人做某事允许某人做某事 permit sb. to do sth arrive at 到达某地到达某地(小地方小地方); arrive in 到达某地到达某地(大地方大地方); be sure of 对对确信确信 主观性主观性 eg. He is sure of success. 他对成功很他对成功很 有信心有信心. Be sure to do 一定会做某事一定会做某事 客观上客观上 的评价的评价 Eg. You are sure to succeed. 你一定你一定 会成功的会成功的. I am sure that I am sure/certain that he will come. 我确信他一定会来的我确信他一定会来的 assure sb. of sth. 向向保证保证, 使使确确 信信. 例：例： 我向你保证他是诚实的我向你保证他是诚实的. I assure you of his honesty. ensure sth/that 确保确保 例子：在走之前请确保关上灯例子：在走之前请确保关上灯. Please ensure that you should turn off the lights. en- shorten widen the road enlarge your vocabulary insure insurance 保险保险 PICC attach(to) 缚缚, 系系 ,结结 attach the horse to the tree 把马拴在树上把马拴在树上 Sb. has attitude toward 对对的的 态度态度.看法看法 attributeto把把归因于归因于, 认为认为是是 的结果的结果 We attribute our success to your help. 我们把成功归因于你的帮助我们把成功归因于你的帮助. 4 contribute to 对对做出贡献做出贡献.,有助有助 于于 He contributed to our success. 他对我们的成功做出了贡献他对我们的成功做出了贡献. distribute sth. among sb. 分配分配/分发分发 某物某物. distribute money among us assign 指派指派 分配的是工作或任务分配的是工作或任务 assignment (be) aware of 意识到意识到,知道知道. He is aware of the danger. 危险危险 know sth have some idea about sth realize sth 意识到意识到 +danger 危险危险 recognize 辨认出辨认出 I recognized him among the crowd. 在人群中我把他认出来了在人群中我把他认出来了. be based on / upon 基于基于 The theory is based on practice. base 基础基础 具体具体 名词名词 军事基地军事基地 basis 基础基础 抽象抽象 名词名词 begin with 以以开始开始. The meeting began with his speech. 会议刚开始首先由他发言会议刚开始首先由他发言. to begin with (=) 首先首先, 第一第一(经常用经常用 于开始语于开始语) To begin with, first, firstly, first of all, in the first place, most important of all, 其次其次 second, secondly, in the second place, next 最后最后 finally, at last, in the end, in the last place on behalf of 以以名义名义 代表代表 He is on behalf of our class. 他代表他代表 我们班我们班. benefit (from) 动词动词, 受益受益,得到好处得到好处. We can benefit from morning exercises. 晨练对我们有益晨练对我们有益. = profit from benefit 利益利益,好处好处 profit 利润利润 经济方面的经济方面的 5 重述法重述法 We can benefit from morning exercises. 晨练对我们有益晨练对我们有益. Every one of us, no matter who we are, whether we are old or young, may profit from exercises in the morning every day, such as jogging, climbing hills and buildings, and playing football and so on and so forth. A young man A man who is young for the benefit of sb 为了为了的利益的利益 (好处好处) thank you for your help blame sb. for sth. 因因责备某人责备某人 . 例例: blame him for the accident 责备他因为这次事故责备他因为这次事故 criticize him 批评他批评他 comment on sth. 评论评论 on board 到船上到船上, 在船上在船上, 上火车或上火车或 飞机飞机 home and abroad 国内外国内外 out of breath 喘不过气来喘不过气来 in brief 简言之简言之=总之总之 To sum up, in a word, in conclusion, on business 出差办事出差办事. case 事情事情; 案例案例; 病例病例 in.case 在在情况下情况下 in most cases 在大多数情况下在大多数情况下 in any case 无论如何无论如何,在任何情况下在任何情况下, in no case 在任何情况下都不在任何情况下都不 no=not any in case +从句从句(=for fear that) 万一万一; 以防以防 in case of +名词名词 如果发生如果发生万一万一 because +原因状语从句原因状语从句 because of+名词名词 带上雨衣以防天下雨带上雨衣以防天下雨. 6 Take the raincoat in case of rain. Take the raincoat in case it should rain/rains. 1) in charge of 负责负责(某事某事) He is in charge of the company. 他管理这家公司他管理这家公司. in the charge of 由由管管 The company is in the charge of him. in front of in the front of 2) chargefor 因因索取索取(费用费用) , The hotel charges us 100 dollars for a room. 这家旅馆向我们收价这家旅馆向我们收价 100 美美 元元. free of charge 免费免费 3) charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯控告某人犯 有有 accuse sb. of sth compare A with B 把把与与比较比较 compareto 把把比作比作 He compares love to red rose. 他把爱情比作成红玫瑰他把爱情比作成红玫瑰. contrary to (=in opposition to) 与与 相反相反 on the contrary 相反相反 however, nevertheless ,yet, 副词副词 转转 折关系折关系, 然而然而 but He has not arrived yet. He is very rich, but he is not happy. He is very rich. Yet, he is not happy. in contrast to/with +sth 介词短语后介词短语后 要加名词要加名词 和和形成对比形成对比 by contrast 对比之下对比之下 副词短语副词短语 放放 在句首在句首, 用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开. while He is playing while we are reading. complaint 名词名词 complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱向某人抱 怨怨; He complained to the manager about 7 the poor service. 他向经理投诉较差的服务他向经理投诉较差的服务. / centre =center concentrate on (or upon) sth 集中集中,专专 心心 pay attention to sth be concerned with (=about) 与与有有 关关 例例: The novel is concerned with the life of the poor in the 18th century. 这部小说描述的是这部小说描述的是 18 世纪穷人的生世纪穷人的生 活状况活状况. concern oneself about / with 关心关心 例例:He concerned himself about the poor. on condition that (=if)以以为条件为条件, 假如假如. 如果如果 引导条件状语从句引导条件状语从句 in that = because 因为因为; 在于在于 as; since His advice is important in that it can help us. now that = since 既然既然 for all that = although 尽管尽管 in condition / out of condition 健康健康 状况好状况好/不好不好 . in good (bad) condition 处于良好处于良好(坏坏) 状态状态 confide in 对对讲真心话讲真心话, 依赖依赖 I have confidence in you 对对有信心有信心 I am confident 有信心的有信心的,自信的自信的 confidential 机密的机密的 firm 坚定的坚定的 confirm sb. in sth 使某人更坚定使某人更坚定(信信 念等念等) comrade company This fact confirmed me in his honesty. A conform to B.符合符合,遵照遵照,遵守遵守; form 形式形式 8 congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺祝贺 Congratulations! be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察觉察,知知 道道 as a result of 由于由于的结果的结果=because of=due to =owing to +原因原因 consider 动词动词 考虑考虑;思考思考 considerate 体贴的体贴的, 考虑他人需要的考虑他人需要的, It is considerate of you to do that for us. 你为我们做这一切考虑真的很周到啊你为我们做这一切考虑真的很周到啊. It is important for you to do that. 对你来说做这件事是非常重要的对你来说做这件事是非常重要的. considerate considerable 相当大的相当大的,值得考虑的值得考虑的 respectable 值得被尊重的值得被尊重的 insist on the idea/plan persist in doing resist 抵制抵制 assist 协助协助 shop assistant 助手助手 consist of(=be composed of)由由组成组成 的的. 例例:The medical team consists of two doctors and four nurses. 这个医疗队是由两名医生这个医疗队是由两名医生 和四名护和四名护 士组成士组成. The medical team is made up of two doctors and four nurses. be made up of =be composed of / up 1)向上向上,-down Go up get up 2)完整完整,完全完全 eat up 吃光了吃光了 use up make-up consist in 主要在于主要在于. 9 under control (被被)控制住控制住 out of control 无法控制无法控制 convince sb. of sth 使某人确信使某人确信, persuade sb. to do sth.劝说某人去劝说某人去 做做 at the cost of 以以为代价为代价 成本成本,花费花费 in (during) the course of the exam 在在过程中过程中 course 期间期间 out of date 过时的；过时的；up to date 新式新式 的的,时兴的时兴的; come up to me 向我走来向我走来 despite (=in spite of) 不管不管, 尽管尽管 In spite of difficulties, we will go ahead. 尽管有困难尽管有困难, 我们仍需坚持向前我们仍需坚持向前. in detail 详细地详细地 He described the accident in detail. detail 名词名词 细节细节 on a diet 吃某种特殊饮食吃某种特殊饮食, 节食节食 go on a diet distinguish A from B 把把与与区别区别 开开 tell the differences between A and B haveto do with 与与有关系有关系 A have something to do with B 有关有关 A have nothing to do with B 无关无关 without doubt (=undoubtedly)无可置无可置 疑地疑地 easy with ease 容易容易, 不费力不费力 be at (ones) ease 自在自在,不拘束不拘束 feel at home 10 effect 名词名词 效果效应效果效应 affect 动词动词 影响影响 the theory affects our life. influence 动词动词 名词名词 深远地影响深远地影响 have an effect/influence on 对对有影有影 响响 The theory has an effect on our life. be in effect (=be in operation) 有效有效 operate 做手术做手术 ; 操作操作, place(or put, lay) an emphasis on 强强 调调, 把重点放在把重点放在上上 动词原形动词原形 过去式过去式 过去分词过去分词 lie 说谎说谎 lied lied lying lie 躺着躺着/座落座落 lay lain lying lay 放置放置 laid laid laying I _laid_ the book on the table. He _lay_ on the meadow. on end (=continuously) 连续地连续地 in the end (=finally, eventually) 最最 终终 at the end of the class in the beginning at the beginning of end up with a success 以以而结束而结束 end up in hospital end up in prison come to an end (=finish)结束结束 the meeting came to an end. / be engaged in sth/doing sth 忙于忙于,从事从事 be busy doing sth He is too busy to come here. be entitled to sth.有权有权,有资格有资格 we have the right to do sth 权利权利 left be equal to 等于等于 平等平等 A is similar to B in appearance. the same as They are alike The two plans are alike. 11 exchangefor 以以交换交换 exchange an apple for a banana keep an eye on 照看照看,监视监视 in the face of 面对着面对着(困难等情况困难等情况) in the face of difficulties /troubles face sth 动词动词 面对面对 be faced with sth 面对着面对着 fall into the habit (of) 养成养成习惯习惯 habit 个人的习惯个人的习惯 hobby 个人的业余爱好个人的业余爱好 interest 个人的兴趣个人的兴趣 custom 地方或团体的风俗地方或团体的风俗 tradition 传统传统 带有一种守旧带有一种守旧 in fashion 时兴时兴,流行流行 popular songs in favour of 赞成赞成 I am in favor of your idea. (be) favourable to 有利的有利的 The situation is favorable to us. 形势形势,局局 势势 favorite 最喜欢的最喜欢的 my favorite book A is superior to B. A is inferior to B latest 最近的最近的,最新的最新的 feed on sth. 靠吃靠吃, 用用喂养喂养 He feeds on meat. depend on rely on be fed up with 厌烦厌烦, 腻了腻了 up 向上向上; 完全完全 He came with me. 伴随伴随 He wrote with a pen. 工具工具,凭借凭借 He is angry with me. 原因原因 TV set set up 建立建立 12 sb. set sth. on fire(=set fire to sth.)使使 着火着火,放火放火 Sth catch fire 着火着火 The museum caught fire. at first sight 乍一看乍一看,一见一见 at the sight of sth 一看到一看到. see in sight 在视线范围内在视线范围内 out of sight 从视线中消失了从视线中消失了 think -thought 想法想法,名词名词 at the thought of sth 一想一想 到到./ for the first time 第一次第一次 (作状语作状语) be fond of sth 喜欢喜欢,喜爱某物喜爱某物 would/should like to do want to do prefer to do intend to do 打算做打算做 mean to do 打算去做打算去做 mean doing/sth. 意味着意味着 (be) in force 有效有效 , 实施实施 The law is in force. by force 靠武力靠武力, 强行强行 in general (=in most cases, usually) 通常来说通常来说 Generally speaking, general 大致上的大致上的,通常的通常的 common 共同拥有的共同拥有的 eg. our common interest ordinary 平凡的平凡的 an ordinary man usual 和往常一样的和往常一样的 as usual 和往常一样和往常一样 He got up at 6 as usual. average 平均的平均的 takefor granted 把把认为理所当认为理所当 然的然的. We took it for granted that he would come here. We suppose that he假定假定 姑且认为姑且认为 13 come to a halt 突然性停止突然性停止; 停住停住 stop to do 停下来去做某事停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事 cease to do = stop doing at hand 在手边在手边, 眼前眼前(附近附近) by hand 用手工用手工(做做) within reach out of reach 够不到够不到 beyond reach 超越超越 in ones honour (or in honour of sb.) 祝贺祝贺,纪念纪念 The hospital is built/set up in his honor. The hospital is named after him. / be ignorant of 对对不了解不了解,不知道不知道 have got some idea of sth have no idea of sth have=have got imposeon 把把强加给强加给 impose tax on us express表达表达 impresson 给给留下印象留下印象 I am deeply impressed by his speech. 演讲演讲 被被深深地打动了深深地打动了 make (leave) an impression on sb. =give sb. an impression 给给留下印留下印 象象 be indifferent to 对对漠不关心漠不关