一次征服倒装句语法.docVIP

倒 装概念：在英语中 , 主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前 , 谓语在后。 但有时谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语的前面 , 这种语序叫做 倒装 。整个谓语提前, 称为 全部倒装 部分谓语提前 ( 通常是助动词 ) 称为 部分倒装 , 倒装的原因是语法结构的需要 , 一是为了强调。英语的倒装句可分为两大类 , 全部倒装和部分倒装。有时为了 强调句子的某一部分而把宾语或状语放在句首 , 主谓位置不变，不能算是倒装。完全倒装分类学习要点例句注意完全倒装完全倒装1.方向副词，以（in,out,up,down,away,off,over,back,）等放句首，为了使某种情景表达得更生动形象，谓语动词常是come, go, rush, run等不及物动词。eg:1.Out rushed the students the moment the bell rang.2.Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.3. Down drops the meat into the foxs mouth.若主语为人称代词，则用自然语序In he came and the lesson began2.以时间、地点副词（there, here, now, then, next）等放句首1. There goes the bell and class is over.2. Now comes your turn.3.Next came Tom.4. Then followed a shot of gun.若主语为人称代词，则用自然语序There you go again.（你又来这一套）3.there/here be (exist, stand, live.)等引导表“存在”的句子。1. There exit different opinions on this question.4.表示“地点”的词语或强调“地点”概念时置于句首，要完全倒装。1.On the ground lay a sick goat.2. At the foot of the mountain runs a river.此时应特别注意“主谓一致”Inside the Pyramids are burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.5 “作表语的现在分词、过去分词、形容词+系动词+主语”放句首，须完全倒装。1.Gone are the days when the women were looked down upon.2.Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.3. Present at the meeting was Mr. Liu, who taught us English.此时应特别注意“主谓一致”Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday.6接引语的全部或一部分置于句首时，须完全倒装要。“Exactly,” said my father, shaking the old mans hand.但若引述动词后还有间宾或状语时，不倒装。 “Why?” the teacher asked him.7,为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或使上下文紧密衔接时，可完全倒装。1. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.8.such “像这样的，就是这样的”放句首，完全倒装。Such ended his life.部分倒装分类 学习要点例句注意部分倒装倒分倒装 1. 表否定或半否定意义的副词、介词短语、连词等置于句首时，常见的有：“never/ little/hardly/seldom/not/by no means/in no case/in no time/not a bit/many a time/scarcely/barely/no longer/no/ at no time/often”1. Little did he know that the police were around.2. At no time does he do something against his will.3. Seldom have I seen such a big apple.2. not only .but also1. Not only do I know her, but also I am her close friend.注意，此句型只倒前不倒后。3. no sooner than hardlywhen 1. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill than we all got down to rest.no soonerthan=hardlywhen =as soon as ,此两种句型，特别应注意其搭配。还应注意 前为过去完成时后为一般过去时。4. only +状语放句首。1. Only by working hard can we succeed.2. Only when one is away from home does one realize how nice home is. 如only后不是跟状语，则不倒装。Only my sister knows this.5.so/suchthat（结果状语）, so/such引导的部分放句首6. 用于疑问句1.So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it. 1.“who are you?”he asked.7.省略if的条件句，以had/were/should开头引起的从句倒装Were she my friend, I would ask her for help.倒前不倒后。8. adj/n/V +as /though 引导的让步状语从句As/though“尽管”通常把句中状语、表语部分或动词提前，若表语为名词，不加冠词。1.Child as he is, he has been to many places.2. Go as/though you may, you cant see him.although 引导的从句不倒装。9. notuntil引导的状语放句首时，1.Not until I began to work did he finish his homework.2.Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.此句型需将unitl后面的状语部分一起和not放句首，倒装主句。10.so/neither/nor置于句首，表示前者情况也适用于后者，其句型为：so/neither/nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语。So与前面的肯定句呼应，neither，nor与前面的否定句呼应。1. I saw the film last week. So did she.2. If you dont do the work, neither shall I .11某些表祝愿的句子。May you succeed!形 式 倒 装形式上的倒装在语法上称为装置。它的特点是，只把要强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。1.感叹句 What an interesting talk they had !2. The more., the more句型 The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.3. whatever/however+adj/adv引导让步状语从句However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening.高考能力要求近几年高考对倒装这一语法项目的考查主要在部分倒装方面, 多以否定意义的代词、副词置于句首为主。另外 only+ 状语” 置于句首的倒装句型。完全倒装往往和主谓语一致联系在一起考查。未来倒装可能会更加灵活多样 , 如虚拟条件状语从句 if 省略倒装、强调状语倒装等。倒装是较为重要的一项语法 , 高考在此项上对我们的能力要