初中英语不规则动词列表.docVIP

初中英语常用不规则动词分类表1.AAA动词原形 过去式 过去分词 beat beat beat（或者beaten）打败cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hurt hurt hurt 受伤 hit hit hit 打，撞let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 set set set 安排，安置spread spread spread 展开，传播，涂spit spit/spat spit/spat 吐痰,shut shut shut 关上, 闭起,停止营业2.ABA动词原形 过去式 过去分词 become became become 变 come came come 来 run ran run 跑 3.ABB（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 deal dealt dealt 解决dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt 做梦hear heard heard 听见 hang hanged hanged 绞死，悬挂 hung hung 闲逛light lit/lighted lit/lighted 点燃, 照亮 prove pru:v proved proven/proved 证明, 证实, 试验shine shone shone 使照耀，使发光 shined shined 擦亮，擦光shoot shot shot 射击show showed showed/shown 展示, 给.看smell smelled/smelt smelled/smelt 闻, 嗅speed sped sped/speeded sped /speeded 加速spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt 拼写（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 改建, 重建send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 （3）原形ought ought 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架think thought thought 思考,想(4) 原形aught aught动词原形 过去式 过去分词catch caught caught 捉,抓teach taught taught 教（5）变其中一个元音字母 动词原形 过去式 过去分词dig dug dug 掘(土), 挖 (洞、沟等) feed fed fed 喂find found found 发现，找到get got got/gotten 得到hold held held 拥有，握住，支持lead led led 引导, 带领, 领导meet met met 遇见sit sat sat 坐babysit babysat babysat 照顾婴儿shoot shot shot 射击 spit spit/spat spit/spat 吐痰,stick stuck stuck 插进, 刺入, 粘住,win won won 赢（6）原形-lt/pt/ft-lt/pt/ft动词原形 过去式 过去分词feel felt felt 感到keep kept kept 保持leave left left 离开sleep slept slept 睡觉sweep swept swept 扫(7)其它 动词原形 过去式 过去分词lay laid laid 下蛋, 放置pay paid paid 付 say said said 说 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 理解，明白 lose lost lost 失去 have had had 有 lie lay lain 躺 lied lied 撒谎make made made 制造 sell sold sold 卖 tell told told 告诉 retell retold retold 重讲，重复，复述4.ABC（1）原形过去式原形+(e)n动词原形 过去式 过去分词blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长draw drew drawn 画画know knew known 知道 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 shake shook shaken 摇/震动fly flew flown 飞show showed showed/shown 展示drive drove driven 驾驶 rise rose risen 上涨eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下 give gave given 给wear wore worn 穿bear bore born 出生，忍受tear/te/ tore torn 撕掉，撕开forgive forgave forgiven 原谅, 饶恕take took taken 拿 mistake mistook mistaken 弄错; 误解,overeat uvi:t overate overeaten (使)吃过量prove pru:v proved proven/proved 证明, 证实, 试验take took taken 拿 ride rode ridden 骑see saw seen 看见show showed showed/shown 展示write wrote written 写（2）原形过去式过去式+(e)n动词原形 过去式 过去分词break broke broken 打破speak spoke spoken 说choose chose chosen 选择get got got/gotten 得到hide hid hidden 隐藏forget forgot forgotten 忘记freeze froze frozen 冷冻,结冰，感到严寒steal stole stolen 偷 wake woke woken 醒来，叫醒, 激发(3) 变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。ia u 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 begin began begun 开始drink drank drunk 喝ring rang rung 给打电话sing sang sung 唱sink sank sunk 下沉, 沉没swim swam swum 游泳am/is was beenare were beendo/does did donego went gonecan could may mightshall shouldwill would非延续性动词转换为相应的延续性动词：leavebeen away, borrowkeep, buyhave, begin/startbe on, diebe dead, move tolive in, finishbe over, joinbe in/be a member of, open be open, closebe closed, fall illbe ill, get upbe up, catch a coldhave a cold， marrybe married, come be here, go be there, put on wear, wake up be awake, fall asleep be asleep, lose not have, arrive/reach be.他来这儿五天了。 误：He has come here for five days. 正：He has been here for five days. 正：He came here five days ago. 正：It is five days since he came here. 正：Five days has passed since he came here.not until 引起的时间状语位于句首时，句子的主谓应部分倒装。由not until引导的时间状语从句位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，从句语序不变。如： Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown.直到1998年他才回到家乡。Not until Father came back did we begin to have supper last night.昨晚直到父亲回来，我们才开始吃晚饭。注意：当not until 引导的时间状语从句用于强调句型时，句子的主语不倒装。如将上两句改为强调句应为：It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown.It was not until Father came back that we began to have supper last night.倒装句是not until位于居首，句子要倒装例如，Not until she came back did I know she was OK.强调句是对not until 强调，例如 It was not until 11 oclock that he returned to his home.因为not until结构中有否定意，所以当其置于句首时，句子用倒装。如果不在句首，或者在句首却不修饰状语时，则不用倒装。一、not until的倒装与强调结构1.当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装。其结构为:Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+.。如:Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才停止讲话。Not until next week will the sports meet be held.直到下周才开运动会。 Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。 Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。 2.not untild 强调结构为:It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that+.。上面两句改为强调句为:It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped talking.It is not until next week that the sports meet will be held. It is not until 8 o”clock that he didnt do homework他直到8点才写作业I did not find my wallet until I got to the station . 到了车站我才发现我的钱包不见了如果表示强调，将not until提前，主句倒装Not until I got to the station did I find my wallet lost . 在肯定句中， till/until 意为“直到为止”，主句的谓语动词须为延续性动词。在否定句中， till / until 与否定词搭配，意为“直到才”。如果把“ not until ”变成“ not until ”置于句首时，主句要倒装。例如： Go straight on until / till you comes to the post office. I wont go away until you promise to help me. Not until he called me up did I know it. 注意：若把 not until 引导的部分作为强调句型中的被强调部分，则主句中的主谓不倒装。例如： It was not until he took off his dark glasses that I recognized him. 当Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装。其结构为:Not until+从句/表时