英语语法误用辨析.doc

英语语法误用辨析列举-名词和代词误用辨析1.中文：我买了两条裤子。 (误)I bought two trousers. (正)I bought two pairs of trousers.（glasses，shoes，trousers，spectacles，scissors，stockings等表示由两个部分合成的字习惯用复数，在表示一(两)条，把，双时，用a pair of，two pairs of等修饰。）2.中文：他是我最好的朋友之一。 (误)He is one of my best friend. (正)He is one of my best friends.（one of后要接可数名词的复数形式。）3.中文：动物是人类的朋友。 (误)Animals are mens friends. (正)Animals are mans friends.（用单数的man表示人类。）4.中文：这是一则好消息。 (误)This is a good news. (正)This is a piece of good news.（表示chalk，music，advice，cloth，meat，news等不可数名词的单一数量用a piece of修饰。）5.中文：你愿意跟我交朋友吗？ (误)Will you make a friend with me? (正)Will you make friends with me?（和某人交朋友用friend的复数形式。）6.中文：我有太多功课要做。 (误)I have too many homework to do. (正)I have too much homework to do.（homework，work，housework等不可数名词用much修饰。）7.中文：英语电视怎么说？ (误)Whats English for 电视? (正)Whats the English for 电视?（英语作为学科或语言时不加the；用作特指时加the。）8.中文：班一家人要搬往伦敦。 (误)The Bens are going to move to London. (正)The Bens are going to move to London.（the Bens表示the Bens house；the Bens表示Ben一家人。）代词误用辨析1.中文：伦敦的夏天比我家乡的夏天更热。 (误)London is much hotter in summer than my hometown. (正)It is much hotter in London in summer than in my hometown.（用it代表气候，天气等。）2.中文：他的书跟我的很不一样。 (误)His book is quite different from me. (正)His book is quite different from mine.（mine = my book，应保持比较的双方性质的一致。）3.中文：我有件重要的事告诉你。 (误)I have important something to tell you. (正)I have something important to tell you.（修饰something，nothing，anything等不定代词时，形容词应放在其后。）4.中文：每个学生都应该做他自己的功课。 (误)Every student should do their own homework. (正)Every student should do his own homework.（every student是单数，其后的代词也用单数。）5.中文：我喜欢收到别人的来信，但不愿意写信。 (误)I like to receive letters but do not like to write it. (正)I like to receive letters but do not like to write them.（代词的人称与数应与它代替的名词相同。）6.中文：孩子们和他都还没有吃晚餐。 (误)Neither the children nor he has ever eaten their supper. (正)Neither the children nor he has ever eaten his supper.（neither.nor是对等相关连词，nor后面的主语决定后面的谓语动词及代词的形式。）7.中文：布朗太太向她的朋友玛丽和我打招呼。 (误)Mrs. Brown said hello to her friends, Mary and I. (正)Mrs. Brown said hello to her friends, Mary and me.（Mary and me是宾语friends的同位语，因此用宾格形式。）8.中文：我的两个姊姊都不在这。 (误)None of my two sisters is here. (正)Neither of my two sisters is here.（neither用于两者的否定；none用于三者以上的否定。）9.中文：他认识我的两个姊姊。 (误)He knows my both sisters. (正)He knows both my sisters.（both用在the，his，my等修饰语之前。）10.中文：这本书的价格是多少？ (误)How much is the price of the book? (正)What is the price of the book?（对价格提问用what，没有price一词时用how much。）11.中文：我有一本新字典还有几本旧的。 (误)I have a new dictionary and several old one. (正)I have a new dictionary and several old ones.（代替前面提到过的可数名词，复数要用ones。）12.中文：安迪，保罗和我共唱一首歌。 (误)I, Andy and Paul sang a song together. (正)Andy, Paul and I sang a song together.（有多个主语或宾语时，I或me在最后。）13.中文：他们很了解我们中国人。 (误)They know our Chinese well. (正)They know us Ch