情态动词和虚拟语气练习.doc

精讲精练：情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词和虚拟语气20112013课标区高考考点统计考情解读年份数量考点201320122011合计情态动词和虚拟语气在高考中的热点依次是：(1)虚拟语气；(2)推测和可能性；(3)必要性及表示请求、允许、允诺。试题的立意不偏不怪，但是有效信息越来越隐蔽，情景越来越生动、真实，考查角度越来越细微化、综合化。情态动词基本用法35412其他用法1124情态动词have done53311虚拟语气虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气26513名词性从句中的虚拟语气0011其他句型中的虚拟语气3216情态动词的基本用法一、表能力1(2013江西高考)When I was a child, I _ watch TV whenever I wanted to.Ashould Bcould Cmust Dneed2(2013湖南高考)He _ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.Awouldnt Bshouldnt Ccouldnt Dmustnt3(2012全国卷)Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money.Acan Bmight Cwould Dneed 表示现在的能力：can，am/is/are able to表示将来的能力：will be able to表示过去的能力：could表示过去的能力，不表示是否成功地做了；was/were able to表示过去有能力做而且成功地做了No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.Oh, you are really his big fan.(2011湖南高考)在打篮球方面，无人能与姚明相媲美。 你真是姚明的铁杆粉丝。二、表推测1(2013重庆高考)What are you doing this Saturday?Im not sure, but I _ go to the Rolling Stones concert.Amust Bwould Cshould Dmight2(2013安徽高考)It _ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.Amay Bcouldnt Cshould Dneednt3(2011江西高考)It _be the postman at the door.Its only six oclock.Amustnt Bcant Cwont Dneednt4(2010北京高考)Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs. Peters.Amight Bmust Cwould Dcan肯定句：can表示客观上的可能，有时会；may/might/could表示可能；must表示一定；should/ought to表示应该/按说应该否定句：cant/couldnt表示不可能；may not/might not表示可能不；shouldnt/oughtnt to表示应该不会疑问句：can/could表示惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度点津mustnt不表推测，而是表示禁止。It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes.(2008福建高考)我的家乡在三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How can it be that he was late for the meeting? 布什先生做什么事情都很准时，他怎么可能开会迟到呢？Lets visit Tom together, Stephen.Theres no need to do so. He cant be at home, because I saw him board the flight to Beijing this morning.斯蒂芬，咱们一起去拜访汤姆吧。没必要这样做。他一定不在家，因为今天早晨我看见他登上了飞往北京的航班。Its the office！So you must know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.(2009湖南高考)这是办公室！所以你一定知道这里不许吃东西。 噢，对不起。There shouldnt be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. 因为你在驾校训练了那么多，通过路考应该没什么困难。三、表请求、建议、命令、允许、允诺、禁止、义务、责任1(2012上海高考)The new law states that people _ drive after drinking alcohol.Awouldnt Bneednt Cwont Dmustnt2(2012辽宁高考)One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school. Amight Bcould Cshall Dwill3(2010辽宁高考)Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.Acan Bwill Cmust Dmay4(2010四川高考)_ I take the book out? Im afraid not.AWill BMay CMust DNeed5(2009全国卷)What do you mean, there are only ten tickets？There_be twelve.Ashould Bwould Cwill Dshall请求对方允许时用May/Can/Could I/we .?主动提出帮忙或提出建议时用Shall I/we .?提出请求、问题、看法时用Will/Would you .？或Shall he/she/they .?should/ought to表示应该，shouldnt/oughtnt to表示不应该may/can(可以)表示允许、许可must(必须)，mustnt表示禁止shall与第二、三人称连用，用于陈述句，表示命令、警告、允诺、威胁；当宣布法律、规定时也常用shallYou mustnt park here! Its an emergency exit.(2010重庆高考)你不可以在这儿停车！这是紧急出口。Will you read me a story, Mummy?OK. You shall have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.(2011陕西高考)妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？ 好的，如果你尽快上床睡觉我就给你讲一个。四、表必要性1(2012全国卷)I _ use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.Acouldnt Bmustnt Cshouldnt Dneednt2(2011福建高考)Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? I am afraid you _， in case he comes late for the meeting.Awill Bmust Cmay DcanYou dont have to buy a gift, but you can if you want to.(2010湖南高考)你没必要买一个礼物，但是如果你想的话可以买一个。五、表意愿、决心1(2013新课标全国卷)The door _ open, no matter how hard she pushed.Ashouldnt Bcouldnt Cwouldnt Dmightnt2(2012江苏高考)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _ say where he was.Amustnt Bshouldnt Cwouldnt Dmightntwill/would可与各种人称连用，表示主语的意志或决心。will表示意愿时其否定形式wont通常用于有生命体，但有时也用于无生命体，这时把无生命体拟人化了。Why didnt you come to Simons party last night?I wanted to, but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night.(2011重庆高考)你昨晚为什么没有参加西蒙的聚会？我想去，但是妈妈不愿意让我自己在这么晚的时间出去。I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen.我已再三告诉他戒烟，但是他就是不听。情态动词have done1(2013辽宁高考)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He _ too much at the party last night.Acould drink Bshould drinkCwould have drunk Dmust have drunk2(2013四川高考)Why are your eyes so red? You _ have slept well last night.Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.Acant Bmustnt Cneednt Dwont3(2012江西高考)We _ have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.Amay not Bneednt Ccant Dmustnt 4(2012江苏高考)Happy birthday!Thank you! Its the best present I_ for.Ashould have wished Bmust have wishedCmay have wished Dcould have wished5(2011全国卷)They _have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. Awill Bcan Cmust Dshould6(2011江苏高考)I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _it. Awill have stolen Bmight have stolenCshould have stolen Dmust have stolen7(2009江苏高考)He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he_it differently.Acould express Bwould expressCcould have expressed Dmust have expressed情态动词have done用法must have done一定做过某事，其否定形式为cant/couldnt have donecan/could have done1.本来能够做但却未做2.可能做过某事cant/couldnt have done不可能做过某事may/might have done或许/可能做过某事should/ought to have done本该做但却未做，其否定形式表示本不该做但却做了neednt have done做了本没有必要做的事情Wang Yaping was the second woman to be sent into space in China.She must have gone through tough training.王亚平成为第二名被送入太空的中国女性。她肯定受过艰苦的训练。Mark neednt have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.(2010天津高考) 马克本没必要那么匆忙。他以最快速度开车，结果早到了半个小时。情态动词的其他常见用法1(2013天津高考)No one _ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.Acould Bmust Cdare Dneed2(2012陕西高考)I _ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.Awont Bcant Ccan Dwill 3(2012重庆高考)_ you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone?Sorry Sir, but its urgent.ACan BShould CMust DWouldcan的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级can的否定式与enough或too (much)连用表示“再也不为过”must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑问句或条件状语从句may/ might as well表示“最好；不妨”would可表示过去的习惯，与used to相比，前者常表示过去反复的动作，后者常表示过去的状态或习惯现在已不复存在should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇，意为“竟然会”You cant be too careful while driving. 开车时越小心越好。If you think the price of beef is too high, you may as well buy some pork. It depends on you.如果你认为牛肉太贵的话，你不妨买些猪肉。你自己决定。If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.(2011辽宁高考)如果你非要走的话，至少等到暴风雨结束。1(2013南昌三中模拟)Do you think Jack will lend us a hand?He is the last one to help others. He _ lend his hand, though.Acan Bmust Cshould Dmight2(2013潍坊市高三二模)Sometimes smiles _ be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry.Amust Bshould Ccan Dwould3(2013西安市高三二模)John looks a bit upset. Did you tell him the bad news?Yes, but I _ him after his birthday party.Ashould have told Bmust have toldCshouldnt have told Dneednt have told4(2013重庆一中模拟)Who _ be phoning us at this time of night? It might be your sister. Amight Bcan Cdare Dmust5(2013河北衡水中学模拟)Some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world.Amustnt Bwont Cmightnt Dshouldnt6(2013济南一中模拟)Where _ Mary have put the empty bottles?She _ them away. They must be somewhere. Acan; cant have thrown Bmust; needntCmust; must have thrown Dcan; mustnt have thrown虚拟语气在虚拟条件句中的应用1(2013北京高考)If we _ a table earlier, we wouldnt be standing here in a queue.Ahave booked Bbooked Cbook Dhad booked2(2013天津高考)If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he _ able to speak it much better now.Awill be Bwould be Chas been Dwould have been3(2012安徽高考)Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she _ there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.Alives Bwould live Chas lived Dwere to live4(2012浙江高考)Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts.Amay have Bcould haveCmust have had Dmight have had类别从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反过去式(be用were)should/would/could/might动词原形与过去事实相反had过去分词should/would/could/mighthave过去分词与将来事实相反过去式(be用were)should/would/could/might动词原形should动词原形were to动词原形if省略句如果虚拟条件句中含有were/had/should，有时可把if省略，把were/had/should提到主语之前形成倒装，若为否定形式，not不可提前。混合条件句有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们各自表示的时间加以调整。含蓄条件句有时假设的情况不用条件从句表达，而是用but for，without等介词(短语)或上下文来表示条件。用连词otherwise，or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反，从而引出后文的虚拟语气。虚拟条件通过but暗示出来，模式为“虚拟情况but真实情况”。I should not have laughed if I had thought you were serious.(2013江苏高考)如果我当时认为你是认真的，我就不会笑了。I would have come sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.(2011天津高考)我本该早一些到，但我不知道他们在等我。Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.(2010浙江高考)如果我了解这种电脑程序的话，就可以节省大量的时间和精力。This printer is of good quality. If it should break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.(2009天津高考)这台打印机质量很好，如果第一年出现问题，我们免费为您维修。虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用1(2013浙江高考)Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam _ at the age of six months old.Awas Bbe Cwere Dis2(2011北京高考)Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they_always late.Awerent Bhadnt been Cwouldnt be Dwouldnt have been1wish后面宾语从句的虚拟语气与现在事实相反从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反从句用would动词原形I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.我希望我是一只小鸟，能在天空自由飞翔。2表示主张、命令、建议、要求等词后的宾语从句和同位语从句中常用“(should)动词原形”结构。点津当insist表示“坚持认为；坚持说”；suggest表示“暗示，表明”时后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。The young man insisted that he did nothing wrong and should be set free at once.这个年轻人坚持认为他没有做错，应该马上被释放。The girls pale face suggested that she was ill and I suggested that she go to see the doctor at once. 这个女孩苍白的脸色表明她病了，我建议她马上去看医生。Teachers recommend parents not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.(2010福建高考)老师们建议父母，为了安全不要让他们12岁以下的孩子骑车上学。虚拟语气在其他从句中的应用1(2012辽宁高考)Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he _ something instead of just talking. Awill do Bhas done Cdo Ddid 2(2012北京高考)Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel.Ais Bwere Chas been Dhad been3(2010江苏高考)George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its culture.Afocus Bfocused Cwould focus Dhad focused1would rather所接从句时，表示与现在或将来事实相反时从句用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反时从句用过去完成时。My brother spends most of time on computer games. Id rather he devoted himself to his study.我弟弟的大部分时间都用在玩电脑游戏了，我宁愿他全身心投入到学习中。2Its (high/about) time (that) .句型中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或should动词原形(其中should不可省略)，句意为“确实到了的时候了”。Its high time that measures should be taken to prevent air pollution.是时候采取措施防止空气污染了。3虚拟语气在as if引导的状语从句中的应用表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。He stood up and offered her his seat, as if he had read her mind.他站起来给她让座，他好像读