雅思词汇Lesson3-4.docx

Lesson 3 People be self-reliant=live on ones own=feel that you can do things well and that people respect you for that(i) be self-sufficient=be able to provide everything that you need by yourself(ii) be a self-made man/woman=be a person who has become successful without help from other people. Show initiative=show the ability to do sth. on ones own.=show the ability to use ones own judgment to do things.*do sth. of ones own accord=do sth. without being asked or forced to do it be tenacious =be very determined and not willing to stop when he/she is achieve doing sth.(i) perseverance=a determined attitude(ii) willpower=the ability to control someones own thought and behavior in order to achieve sth. keep ones word=does what he/she has promised to do=keep ones promise(i) an upright citizen=an honest and responsible person(ii) preserve sb.s integrity=keep the quality of always behaving according to that sb. believes in be down-to-earth=be very practical*be very arty =wishing to seem interested in everything connected with art set the benchmark for sth.=set the the standard that other people can use for good or bad sth. is(i) worship sb.=love and admire sb. very much(ii) meet sb. in person=meet sb. face to face; meet in each others presence a Renaissance man/woman=someone who knows a lot about many different subjects and has many practical skills(i) be versatile=be capable of doing many things well(ii) be artistic=sensitive to art and be able to enjoy it world-renowned=famous in the world=very famous for a special skill or achievement(i) an overnight success=an instant success(ii) sb.s legacy lives on=sb.s influence continues(iii) sb. has a large following= has many admirers a go-getter= a person who will succeed=someone who is likely to be successful because he/she is very determined and has a lot of energy(i) a consummate actor / actress / athlete=a vey skillful actor / actress / athlete(ii) a prodigy=a young person who has a natural ability to do sth. extremely well people from all walks of life=people of different backgrounds(i) People who live next door to you=people who live in the building, room or position next to you.(ii) go from rags to riches=start your life very poor and then later in life become very rich is a subject very close to ones heart=is a subject that someone is worried about=is a subject has strong feelings about*be concerned about sth. = is worried about sth. is a luxury=sth. only feel people can enjoy=be something that someone enjoys very much because he/she does not get in very soon*is an absolute necessity =very necessary is part and parcel of being famous =one of the avoidable problems (kind of trouble) caused by fame(i) celebrity=a famous person, especially in entertainment or sport(ii) paparazzi=photographers that follow famous people in order to take pictures of them that newspapers and magazines will buy(iii) extravagant lifestyles=lifestyles of spending a lot of money, especially more than is reasonableLesson 4 Traffic & Transport transport infrastructure =the basic structure on which a transport system is built and which makes it able to work*road network = a large road system consisting of many similar parts that are connected together traffic bottleneck=a place where a road is narrow or blocked(i) Inch along=move very slowly(ii) be out of bounds to sb.=be a place you are not allowed to enter bumper-to-bumper=(of traffic) very close together and move slowly(i) the volume of traffic=the total amount of traffic(ii) traffic density=the amount of traffic in a place be jam-packed=crowded=full of people or things that are very close together*commuter =someone who has to travel a long distance to work every day petrol=oil=a liquid that is used to supply power to vehicles*hybrid car = a car that uses two or more power sources fuel consumption=the burning of coal, gas or oil to produce heat or power*a gas guzzler =a car that is expensive to drive because it uses a lot of petrol reckless driving=driving without worrying about the possible results(i) drunk driving=unable to control someones own driving behavior because he/she has drunk too much alcohol(ii) impair a persons driving ability=reduce ones driving ability get somewhere safe and sound=get somewhere without being injured=get somewhere unharmed*twists and turns =a complicated situation or plan of action a free-for-all=a situation in which people can do as they please=a completely uncontrolle