英语文化课三M1U3.doc

英语文化课（三） 段落翻译Susan had been dreaming about travelling to Lijiang and she preferred Mary to go with her. Although Mary was stubborn, she determined to persuade her to travel together. Finally, Mary gave in and changed her mind and agreed to travel with her. They enjoyed the wonderful view there, which made Mary so excited that she stayed awake during the night. dream of =dream about 梦想做-What have you been dreaming about so far?-I am dreaming about a pop star. A. be B. become C. being D. been prefervt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物) 对称或并列平行结构(回归课本P17)Which kind of transport do you prefer to use：bus or train?你更愿意用哪种交通工具：汽车还是火车？The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.大多数接受采访的人都喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。 I prefer walking to cycling.我喜欢步行更甚于骑自行车。I would prefer that you (should)not mention my name.我希望你不要说出我的名字。He prefers to stay at home rather than go shopping.他宁可呆在家里也不愿意去逛商店。Even on a cold day he prefers_out to play football_at home.Agoing；rather stay Bgoing；to staying Cto go；rather than staying Dto go；rather than to stay.persuadevt.劝说；说服(回归课本P18)Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.两年前，她买了一辆昂贵的山地车，然后说服我也买了一辆。I persuaded her into giving up that foolish idea.我劝她放弃了那个愚蠢的想法。I finally persuaded him out of smoking/not to smoke.我最终说服了他戒烟。(牛津)It will be difficult to persuade them that there is no other choice.很难让他们相信别无选择。He tried to persuade me to give up smoking，but in vain.他尽力劝服我戒烟，但是没有用。完成句子 (1)不要被说服买你实际上并不需要的东西。Dont let yourself _ _ _buying things you dont really need.(2)她劝我不要放弃工作，离开家人。She _ _ _ _ _ _the job and leaving the family.Have you _ your mother to give up smoking?No，I talked to her many times but she would not accept my advice.ApersuadedBadvised Cpromised Dsuggested.determinevt.& vi.决定；确定；(使)下定决心(回归课本P18)She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚决的表情那种表明她不会改变主意的表情。(牛津P545)A date for the meeting has yet to be determined.会议日期尚待确定。The teachers encouraging words determined him to study harder.老师令人鼓舞的话使他决心更加努力学习。We determined on an early start/(that)wed make an early start.我们决定早些出发。完成句子(1)No matter what happens，she has _ _ _ _ _(决定把真相说出来)(2)I left the place，_ _ _ _ _ _(决定再也不回来了).viewn风景；视野；观点；见解vt.观看；注视；考虑(回归课本P22)To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us，we were surprised by the view. 爬那些山是很辛苦的事情，但当我们环顾四周的时候，我们对那里的景色感到吃惊。(牛津P2243)In my view，it was a waste of time.依我看来，那是浪费时间。The view from the top of the hill is wonderful.从山顶上眺望，风景真美。In view of the weather，we will cancel the outing.因天气关系，我们要取消此次郊游。(牛津)How do you view your position within the company?你如何看待自己在公司中的位置？I would like to buy a house which has a(n)_over the sea.AimageBview Csight Dscenery(2012年淄博模拟)After so many days on the way，even Charles cheered up at the_of the food. Alook Bsight Cview Dappearancegive in屈服；投降；让步；上交(回归课本P18)Finally，I had to give in.最后，我只能让步了。归纳拓展give in to sb.对某人让步give away 赠送；泄露，出卖give off 放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音等)give out 分发；用完，消耗尽，筋疲力竭 give up 放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把送交 He would rather die than give in.他宁死不屈。He has given in to my views.他被迫接受了我的观点。Please give your work in before Monday.请在星期一之前把作业交上来。(朗文P641)She gave away all her money to the poor.她把所有的钱都捐给了穷人。The eggs were giving off a bad smell.鸡蛋发出臭味。If a person has not had enough sleep，his actions will give him_ during the day. AawayBup Cin Dback_he is determined to do something，no one is able to persuade him to_. AAs soon as；give away BAlthough；give in CAs long as；give out DOnce；give up.change ones mind改变主意(回归课本P18)She gave me a determined lookthe kind that said she would not change her mind.她给了我一个坚决的表情那种表明她不会改变主意的表情。归纳拓展make up ones mind 下决心，决定bear/keep.in mind 记住have.in mind 考虑；打算call/bring sth.to mind 回忆起某事fix ones mind upon 把注意力集中在Nothing could change his mind，so the meeting ended.什么也不能使他改变主意，因此会结束了。(朗文)Have you made up your mind what to do yet?你已经拿定主意做什么了吗？(朗文P958)You must bear in mind that their customs are very different to ours.你必须记住，他们的风俗习惯跟我们的大不一样。温馨提示 make up ones mind要根据具体人称来确定mind的单复数形式。Though they met with much difficulty，the team_ to go on with the experiment.A.changed their minds Bmade up their minds Ctook their minds Dgave their mindsShe was so _ that she wouldnt give in until she received a full apology.Asimple Blucky Cstubborn Dproper句子翻译 1.在这种雨天，我宁可待在家也不出门。（三个句型） 2. 我宁愿早晨去散步。 3. 他试图劝我参加讨论,但我因为我忙而拒绝了。 4. 如果你屈服，你永远不会成功。 5. 听到这个好消息，他整夜都睡不着。 作文指导 如何写好简单句“顺口溜”学英语 五种基本句型歌英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。句型种类为动词， 后接什么是关键；系词后面接表语；vi独身无牵连； vt又可分三类， 单宾双宾最常见， 还有宾语补足语；各种搭配记心间。 优化句式是指在写作过程中要注意句式的变化，避免平铺直叙，罗列事实。真正优秀的文章应做到长短句搭配合理，主、被动准确运用，适当穿插倒装、强调、比较等特殊句式，并能够恰当使用连接成分以确保各句之间紧密衔接，从而使文章错落有致，如高山流水般顺畅。 简单句指的是只包括一个主语和一个谓语的句子。英语中简单句的基本结构主要有以下5种：1主语不及物动词(SV) The door bell rang./She sat down.2主语系动词表语(SVP) The flowers are(smell)sweet./Mother isnt in at the moment.3主语及物动词宾语(SVO) Who can answer this question？/Columbus discovered America.4主语动词间接宾语直接宾语(SVOO) My uncle gave me a camera./Ill give you something to eat.5主语及物动词宾语补语(SVOC) She painted the walls light green./I smelt something burning 以上5种基本结构是英语句子的“主干”结构，所有的句子，不管多么复杂，都是主干结构的扩展和延伸。反过来说，不管你组建什么样的句子，你必须从“主干”开始构建，也就是必须严格遵循语法规则，这是英语作为一种“形合语言”的最基本要求。【佳句选粹】I now declare my decision.I，who am a senior of the English department，now declare my decision that I will run for the chairman of the Students Union.【分析】第句的基本结构是“主语谓语宾语”。为了让读者了解更多的信息，第句在第句“主干”结构的基础上增加了一些“枝叶”成分。主语“I”后增加了一个who引导的非限制性定语从句，宾语“my decision”后增加了一个同位语从句，这样，该句就在原有的基础上扩充了“我是谁？”和“我的决定是什么？”两方面的信息。完型填空实战四招： 抓首抓住首句,预测全文。完形填空所选短文多没有标题,但一般首句是一个不设空(或较简单)的完整的句子,往往用以点明短文的体裁,如议论、说明或叙述等。因此,我们在解题时一定要注意以首句的时态、语态及表述方式为立足点来进行逻辑思维,判断文章体裁,找出文章中心。捕眼捕捉题眼,寻找契机所谓“题眼”,就是指那些在短文中起重要作用的关键词以及能够帮助我们解决问题问题的特定的语境。捕捉题眼,就是要迅速找到语篇中的特殊的内在联系那些表示因果、递进、转折、指代等意义的连接词及动词、形容词、副词、同位语等,还有那些明确具体的事实(如时间、地点、人物、形状、色彩、顺序),以及它们之间的关系等。跳身避难就易,节省时间 在解题过程中,我们应该遵循“先易后难”的原则,遇到少数疑难问题时不可徘徊不前。为了不影响做题速度,我们可以暂时跳过难点,去解决那些靠上下文能确定的、比较直接具体的问题。或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或明确的表示,或许一个在前面不能解的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。一般说来,固定词组、习惯搭配、常见句型及明显的语法结构等易于判断。扫尾复读全文,解决残敌 到了这时,借助已经补全的空白,我们应该对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题,如采用排除法逐步缩小包围圈等方法。对于实在无从下手的个别题目,我们则完全可以凭语感来确定：把几个选项逐一放在空格内念两遍,哪个念起来顺口、舒服就选哪个。注意：凭语感选定的答案不要轻易改动,因为最初的感觉很可能是正确的。在各空都已填出后,再复读全文。我们必须重视这最后的弥补疏漏,改正错误的扫尾机会,以争取最好成绩。真题实战演练（2011全国新课标卷）完形填空（ 共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分 ） In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory_36_（同义复现）course about 20 years ago.（记叙文，回忆、人物、时间、事件education） The professor _37_the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans（豆）, and invited the students to _38_（同义复现）how many beans the jar contained. After _39_shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the _40_ answer,（与前面wrong 相对应）and went on saying, ”You have just _41_an important lesson about science. That is: Never_42_ your own senses.” Twenty years later, the _43_（上文提到的人物）could guess what the professor had in mind. He _44_himself, perhaps,as inviting his students to start an exciting _45_(概括的是答案)into an unknown world invisible（无形的）to the 46 ,which can be discovered only through scientific 47 .But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or顺接关系）even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world. And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51 .The professor, however, 与小女孩的观点相反的said that it was 52（与51相对）.he was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute. “I remember feeling small and 54 ,”（找and）the women says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course that afternoon, and I havent gone near science since.”（找否定词）36A. artB. historyC. scienceD. math37A. searched fo B. looked atC. got throughD. marched into38A. countB. guessC. reportD. watch39A. warningB. givingC. turning awayD. listening to40A. readyB. possibleC. correctD. difficult41A. learnedB. preparedC. taughtD. taken42A. loseB. trustC. sharpenD. show43A. lecturerB. scientistC. speakerD. woman44A. describedB. respectedC. sawD. served45A. voyageB. movementC. changeD. rush46. A. professor B. eye C. knowledge D. light47. A. model B. senses C. spirit D. methods48. A. hear B. make C. present D. refuse49. A. suggesting B. beginning C. pretending D. waiting50. A. believed B. doubted C. proved D. explained51. A. growth B. strength C. faith D. truth52. A. firm B. interesting C. wrong D. acceptable53. A. task B. tool C. success D. connection54. A. cruel B. proud C. frightened D. brave55. A. dropped B. started C. passed D. missed2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试【新课标II】第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts. But people in the streets 16 him, especially those who are 17 .For those people, he is Gloves Greenberg. How did he get that 18 ? He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱). But hes 19 . His briefcase always has some gloves。In winter, Mr.Greenberg does not 20 like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk and 21 the street. He looks around at 22 . He stops when he 23 someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he 24 , looking for more people with cold 25 . On winter days, Mr. Greenberg 26 gloves. During the rest of the year, he 27 gloves. People who have heard about him 28 him gloves, and he has many in his apartment. Mr. Greenberg 29 doing this 21 years ago. Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and 30 his behavior. But people who dont know him are sometimes 31 him. They dont realize that he just wants to make them 32 .It runs in the 33 . Michaels father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the 34 . A pair of gloves may be a 35 thing, but it can make a big difference in winter. 16. A. know aboutB. learn fromC. cheer forD. look after17. A. oldB. busyC. kindD. poor18. A. jobB. nameC. chanceD. message19. A. calmB. differentC. crazyD. curious20. A. actB. soundC. feelD. dress21. A. cross overB. drive alongC. hurry downD. keep off22. A. carsB. peopleC. street numbersD. traffic lights23. A. helpsB. choosesC. greets D. sees24. A. holds upB. hangs outC. moves onD. turns around25. A. handsB. earsC. faces D. eyes26. A. searches for B. stores up C. gives away D. puts on27. A. borrows B. sells C. returnsD. buys28. A. call B. send C. lendD. show29. A. delayed B. remembered C. began D. enjoyed30. A. understand B. dislikeC. studyD. excuse31. A. sorry forB. satisfied withC. proud ofD. surprised by32. A. smartB. richC. specialD. happy33. A. cityB. familyC. neighborhoodD. company34. A. honorB. painC. sameD. cold35. A. smallB. usefulC. delightfulD. comforting定文体抓主旨：本文是一篇介绍人物的记叙文。在冬天，Michael Greenberg的公文箱里总带着许多手套，赠送给那些没戴手套的穷人。很多人都认识他，也理解他的行为；而不认识的人则可能会感到惊奇。他的家庭就有这种传统，他和他父亲都认为：帮助别人可以让所有人更快乐。 本篇难度：中等。篇章结构：段落关键词大意推测第一部分（para.1-2）Michael Greenberg；popular New Yorker；Gloves Greenberg；briefcase；gloves；Michael Greenberg是一个很受欢迎的纽约人；他被称为“手套” Greenberg；他的公文箱里总是带着一些手套；第二部分（para.3-5）In winter；looks around；stops；gives them a pair；looking for；know him；his behavior；dont know him；dont realize；在冬天，他总是四处看，遇到没戴手套的人就停下来，送给他们一副，然后继续寻找别的人；很多人认识他，理解他的行为；一些人不认识他，没意识他做法的用意。第三部分（para.6）Michaels father；helped the poor；made everyone happier；feels；A pair of gloves；make a big difference他父亲也一直帮助穷人；他认为这样可以使所有人更快乐；他也觉得是这样；在冬天，一副小手套会有很大的不同。（2011全国新课标卷）【要点综述】本文是记叙文。二十年前，在第一节理科实验课上，一位教授做了一个实验，这个实验告诉学生们，不要相信自己的判断。正是这个实验让一位妇女以后远离了理科。36. C 联系下文an important lesson about science我们知道，这是一节理科实验课。37. D 从空后的placed upon his desk a large jar filled with我们可以知道，老师走进了教室。38. B 联系空后的how many beans the jar contained我们可以知道，教授让学生们猜一下，这个坛子能装多少豆子。39. D 联系空后的shouts of wildly wrong guesses我们知道，学生们喊出了各种错误的推测，教授听了他们喊出的答案。40. C 联系空前的announced和空后的answer我们知道，教授向学生们公布了正确答案。41. A 联系空后的an important lesson about science我们知道，教授认为他们学到了一堂非常重要的理科课程。42. B 学生们的推测都是错误的，因此教授说，“不要相信你们的意识。”43. D 联系下文But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept我们知道，这个妇女能够推测教授心里是怎么想的。44. C 前文有提示：The professor 37 (marched into) the lecture hall，由此我们可以得出答案。45. A 联系空后的into the unknown world我们知道，教授的目的是带学生们进行一次激动人心的知识旅行。46. B 联系后文which can be discovered only through scientific 47 (method)我们知道，这个世界是眼睛看不到的，只有通过科学方法才可以看到。 47. D 联系前文的invisible to the eye我们知道，这个世界只有通过科学的方法才可以看到。48. A 联系空前的could not accept我们知道，她不能接受，甚至听到这个邀请。or在这里表达前后为顺接关系，因此其他选项可以排除。49. B 联系前文的the seventeen-year-old girl我们可以推断，这个小女孩年龄很小，只是刚刚开始认识这个世界。50. A 空后的her firsthand experience could be the