必修1UNIT4EARTHQUAKES高中定语从句课件一PPT课件下载.ppt

welcome to our class!,can you describe the following pictures?,the beautiful flowers,the happy children,快乐的孩子们,a violent baby ！,暴力的孩子啊,what is the attribute(定语)?,1.he is an honest boy.(形容词） 2.the falling/fallen leaves are flying in the sky.(现在/过去分词） 3. whats your telephone number?（名词） 4.the boys on the playground are playing basketballs.（介词短语）,修饰名词和代词的成分，作定语的除了形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。,key words:,定语:,a beautiful flower 美丽的花,a tall boy 一位高个男孩,beautiful,tall,my teacher,three boys,clothes shop 服装店,the students in class 上课的学生们,the positions of the attribute: （定语的位置）,1. this is a flower basket. 2. this is a basket full of flowers. （单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。）,看下列句子，是什么作定语呢？,1.a plane is a machine that can fly.(从句） 飞机是会飞的机器。 2.the foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from canada.（从句） 昨天参观我们学校的外宾来自加拿大。 3. this is a basket that i want to put flowers in.（从句） 这就是我要放花的篮子。,是句子作定语,定语从句,句子作定语叫做,unit 4 earthquakes,grammar,the attributive clause i （that, which, who, whom, whose）,在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。,一. 定语从句的基本定义,位置：定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后。 定语从句的结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句,the boy who is reading is tom.,先行词,关系代词,hospital is a place where a doctor works.,先行词,关系副词,二. 关系词的分类及功能,2. 关系副词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，常用的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose,关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常用的关系副词有：when, where, why,二. 关系词的分类,1.关系代词,三. 关系代词的基本用法和注意点,1. 关系代词的基本用法,三. 1. 关系代词的基本用法,1. who指人,在定语从句中作主语,例句：(1) the boys _are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man _lost his way. (3)children_ eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.,who, whom,who,who,who,2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。 例句： (1) mr. liu is the person _you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy _ i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man （who/whom） you met just now is my friend.,(whom),(whom),3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game_ is liked by most boys. （作主语） (2) this is the pen _ he bought yesterday. （作宾语）,that,which,（which）,4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (1) the number of the people _ come to visit the city each year is increasing. (2) where is the man _ i saw this morning?,whose,that/who,(that/who/whom),5. whose 既可以指人，又可指物，在定语从句中做定语,表示 “人的”“物的” (1) the room _ window faces south is mine.窗户朝南的那个房间是我的。 (2) i once lived in a house _ roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在屋顶倒塌的一个房子里。 whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替：可用of which代替，但语序不同， 即whose+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如：,whose,whose,(3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. = the classroom _is broken will soon be repaired. = the classroom _ is broken will soon be repaired (4) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =do you like the book _ is yellow? =do you like the book _ is yellow?,the door of which,of which the door,the cover of which,of which the cover,can you choose the right answer?,i have read all the books_ you gave me. this is the best film _ has been shown this month. there seems to be nothing _ seems impossible for him in the world. who is the man _ is standing there ? a. who b. which c. that d. b&c,？,关系代词that和which, 在定语从句中，that 和 which 常常可以互换，但是下列情况只用关系词that,而不宜用which；当然作宾语时可以省略。,特别关注,1. 先行词（从句所修饰的词）被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that引导从句.,1）this is the most interesting story ( that )i have ever heard. 2）the first meeting (that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.,2.先行词是all, something, nothing, anything，everything, little, few，much, none , any, some等不定代词时,只能用that.,1) here is something ( that) i will tell you.我有事要告诉你。 2) not all that glitters（闪烁） is gold.发光的并非都是金子。 3）we havent got much (that )we can offer you.,3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that引出从句,1) i can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) i saw. 我清楚地记得我看到的人和照片。 2) they talked about the teachers and schools (that) they had visited.,4.先行词被all ,every, any,no ,one of, the only, the very, the right , last, just 等修饰，用that。例如:,1）are there any questions that trouble you much?还有你感到非常麻烦的问题吗？ 2）the only thing (that) she could do was to go to the police for help. 她唯一能做的就是向警察求助。,5.当主句已有疑问词 who或which时，关系词用that,1）which is the bike (that ) you lost? 2）who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?,6.当关系代词在定语从句中作to be 表语时,先行词无论指人还是物，关系词用that。 例如：,1）tom isnt the boy that he used to be.汤姆不再是过去的老样子了。 2）shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be。上海不再时往昔的上海了。,7. 在there be结构中，当先行词指物时，关系词用that例句：,there is a book on the desk (that) im very interested in. 桌子上有本我非常感兴趣的书。,8.句子中含有两个定语从句时，其中一个词已用which, 为了避免重复，一般情况， 另一个宜用 that.例如： they secretly built up a small factory which produces things that could cause pollution.他们悄悄建了一个小工厂，生产可能造成污染的产品。,定语从句解题方法: 关系词的选择 1. 先看先行词，确定人或物 2. 分析定语从句中的句子成分 3. 确定关系代词的人称和数 4. 注意that和which的特殊情况,【特别提示】：关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如： 1.those who are against the plan put up your hands. 2.tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday. 3.tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.,1.the girl _is standing next to our teacher is her daughter. 2. the girl _our teacher is talking with is a famous singer. 3. the girl_ mother is a teacher can speak english very well. 4. i cant find the book _is borrowed from the library.,who/that,(who/whom/that),whose,which/that,巩固练习：i.用适当的关系代词填空,5. i cant find the book _you lent to me. 6.the scientist _ we met yesterday is very famous in the world. 7.the dress _she is wearing is new. 8.he is the kind person _ i have ever worked with. 9.this is the best film _ i have ever seen. 10. will you please lend the very book _ you bought yesterday ?,(that/which),(whom/that/who),(that/which),(whom/that/who),(that）,(that）,ii.choice单项选择。,1.all _ we need is to be supplied with food and clothing. a. what b. that c. which d. whom 2. the man _talked to you just now is an engineer. a. who b. whose c. which d. what,3. the most important thing_ we should pay attention to is the first thing _ i have said. a. which; that b. that; which c. which; which d. that; that 4she spent the whole evening talking about the things and persons _ none of us has ever heard of. a. which b. who c. whom d. that,5.who is the person_ is talking about the accident _ happened on highway 104? a. which; which b. who; what c. that; that d. what; what 6. we went to see our teacher _ husband lost his life in the earthquake. a. that b. whose c. whom d. who,7. the tree_ i thought was dying is sending out new leaves! a. who b. whose c. whom d. that 8. i am very thankful to my parents _ have always encouraged me to play the piano. a. who b. whom c. whose d. which,9. he is one of those workers _ able to do this job. a. who are b. whom is c. who is d. whom are 10. he is the only one of those workers _ able to do this job. a. who are b. whom is c. who is d. whom are,11. it is not right that teachers pay little attention to the students _cheat in examinations. a. which b. whose c. whom d. who 12. yesterday i ran into a friend _ i havent seen for many years. a. whose b. whom c. which d. for whom,13. he is a great teacher _ wise sayings have influenced many people in different countries. a. who b. whom c. whose d. which 14. he fell in love with a pretty girl _ turned out to be the daughter of his enemy. a. whom b. which c. whose d. who,15. the house _ roof was damaged has now been repaired. a. its b. that c. whose d. which 16. women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont. （06北京） a. who; 不填 b. 不填；the c. who; who d. 不填；不填,review & summary,lets review and summarize this part briefly together.,1.review this part.