德国内政部民防和危机管理局.docxVIP

1、Strategy for protecting the population in Germany德国民防战略、部门框架The underlying idea behind this new framework strategy for civil and disaster protection is joint federalstate responsibility for managing unusual emergencies or disasters. These include natural disasters, industrial accidents and pandemics as well as threats resulting from international terrorism. A multi-level system of threat prevention is to be created in which the various levels of preparedness are oriented on the degree of threat and population density. The Federation and states (Lnder) agreed on this new strategy in June 2004.Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster AssistanceIn terms of organization, the most important effect of the new strategy was consolidating federal services in the field of civil and disaster protection. To do so, the new Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK) was created and went into operation on 1 May 2004. In this way, civil protection has been emphasized as a cornerstone of national security.Joint Information and Situation Centre Germany has an efficient instrument for coordinating in the event of large-scale emergencies or disasters: the Joint Information and Situation Centre (GMLZ) of the Federation and the states within the BBK. It is intended above all to serve as a centre for resource management, able to allocate volunteers, keep track of needs and organize resources and technical equipment at national and international level.The German emergency preparedness information system deNISThe new GMLZ relies on the German emergency preparedness information system called deNIS, a database intended to link, prepare and offer access to disaster management information. In addition, deNIS is also a public information portal offering individuals a broad range of important information on civil protection issues.Satellite-based communications systemOne of the key tasks of disaster protection is being able to warn the public of imminent threats. On 15 October 2001, we launched a new, satellite-based federal communications system. Official warnings can now be broadcast via public and private radio stations within seconds.Academy for Crisis Management, Emergency Planning and Civil ProtectionIn order to improve disaster protection, the various federal, state and local offices are intensifying their exchange with each other and with the fire services, aid organizations and the research community. Expanding the Academy for Crisis Management, Emergency Planning and Civil Protection in Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler serves this important task.Public self-help Every civil protection strategy must also help individuals prepare and protect themselves in case of disaster or emergency. Much still needs to be done in this regard. This is why we are promoting first-aid training at schools, where the greatest success with early and lasting awareness can be expected.Equipment for supplemental disaster protection Since September 2001, we have delivered about 650 civil protection vehicles, including ambulances and NBC detection vehicles, to the states.At the spring 2007 meeting of the Conference of Interior Ministers, the Federation and the states agreed on a new strategy for supplemental disaster protection equipment. The main elements of equipment are intended to help manage mass casualties and chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) threats. To this end, the plan includes medical task forces and analytical task forces. The Federal Ministry of the Interior plans to supply a total of 5,036 vehicles to the states for disaster protection purposes.The Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK)联邦公民保护与灾害救助局A specialized agency as partner, service provider, coordinator and moderator The BBK was established in May 2004 in response to the changed security situation. Together with the Federal Agency for Technical Relief (THW), the BBK as superior federal authority performs tasks of civil security preparedness within the remit of the Federal Ministry of the Interior, especially in the fields of civil protection and disaster assistance. It provides support in these fields for the Federal Ministry and, with their consent, the responsible supreme federal authorities. In particular, the BBK is responsible for the following:Planning and preparing civil protection measures as part of overall state security preparedness (emergency preparedness and planning). This includes above all serving as the central planning office vis-vis the states (Lnder), drafting and updating civil protection plans, protection and preparedness strategies, carrying out the new equipment strategy developed jointly with the states for supplementary disaster protection, and intensifying civilmilitary and civilpolice cooperation.Planning and preparing federalstate cooperation in case of special threat situations. This includes above all administrative support for the interministerial, federalstate Coordination Centre for Large-Scale Emergencies and Hazards, information and coordination functions by running and refining the German Joint Information and Situation Centre (GMLZ) and German emergency preparedness information system deNIS, and coordination and management of NOAH, the office charged with looking after German victims of disasters or terrorist attacks abroad and their relatives after returning to Germany.Critical infrastructure participation in the national critical infrastructure protection strategy and support for the Federal Ministry of the Interiors coordinating function within the framework of interministerial cooperation and vis-vis the states.Basic and advanced training for decision-makers and managers in all areas of civil security preparedness including civil protection and disaster assistance Academy for Crisis Management, Emergency Planning and Civil ProtectionCivil health protection developing and optimizing interstate and interministerial framework strategies for threat prevention as well as medical and pandemic management in the field of civil protection.Public warnings and information, in particular expanding the integrated warning system with the core element of satellite-based warnings via radio, developing strategies to ensure comprehensive coverage including risk and crisis communication.Strengthening civil self-help, in particular promoting public participation in first-aid training, and supporting communities in their self-help tasks.Research and develop, in particular establishing the BBK as a national centre for management of non-police security research, initiating and providing expert assistance for research and development projects on all aspects of crisis management, and expanding scientific, praxis-oriented research in cooperation with the Commission on the Protection of the Civilian Population in case of Major Disasters and in Time of War at the Federal Ministry of the Interior. Participation in international collaboration in the field of civil protections established in May 2004 in response to the changed security situation. Together with the Federal Agency for Technical Relief (THW), the BBK as superior federal authority performs tasks of civil security preparedness within the remit of the Federal Ministry of the Interior, especially in the fields of civil protection and disaster assistance. It provides support in these fields for the Federal Ministry and, with their consent, the responsible supreme federal authorities. In particular, the BBK is responsible for the following:Planning and preparing civil protection measures as part of overall state security preparedness (emergency preparedness and planning). This includes above all serving as the central planning office vis-vis the states (Lnder), drafting and updating civil protection plans, protection and preparedness strategies, carrying out the new equipment strategy developed jointly with the states for supplementary disaster protection, and intensifying civilmilitary and civilpolice cooperation.Planning and preparing federalstate cooperation in case of special threat situations. This includes above all administrative support for the interministerial, federalstate Coordination Centre for Large-Scale Emergencies and Hazards, information and coordination functions by running and refining the German Joint Information and Situation Centre (GMLZ) and German emergency preparedness information system deNIS, and coordination and management of NOAH, the office charged with looking after German victims of disasters or terrorist attacks abroad and their relatives after returning to Germany.Critical infrastructure participation in the national critical infrastructure protection strategy and support for the Federal Ministry of the Interiors coordinating function within the framework of interministerial cooperation and vis-vis the states.Basic and advanced training for decision-makers and managers in all areas of civil security preparedness including civil protection and disaster assistance Academy for Crisis Management, Emergency Planning and Civil ProtectionCivil health protection developing and optimizing interstate and interministerial framework strategies for threa