巧用发音规则记单词.doc

巧用发音规则记单词前 言对于英语学习者来说，记单词是一道难关，不少学生学习了多年英语，但还是用死记硬背的办法背词汇，结果，“背单词”成了学习英语的障碍，巧用发音规则记单词正是为了解决这个难题而设计。巧用发音规则记单词采用英国、美国、加拿大和澳大利亚等英语国家的孩子学习语音的模式，教会你以“直读”的方式熟练掌握“见词识音，听音知词”的本领，帮助你轻松闯过单词记忆关，为进一步学好英语打下良好的基础。需要说明的是，由于英语单词的来源非常广泛，有的单词符合一定的发音规则，还有许多单词是不符合读音规律的。对于符合发音规则的词汇，我们以“直读”的方法就可以直接拼读出来，而不规则的词汇我们还得依靠国际音标、听力材料等辅助手段才能读出其正确的发音。总之，本课程不求面面俱到，只要学生能够掌握直读技巧，活学活用，对其英语学习有所帮助，此乃编者的核心目的。本课程与配套的演示文稿结合使用。课前预览1、辅音字母（1）能直呼其发音且字母读音包含此音的辅音字母Bb Dd Ff Gg Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Pp Ss Tt Vv Xx Zz（2）能直呼其发音但字母读音不含此音的辅音字母Cc Hh Qq Rr Ww Yy（3）有两种发音（或以上）的辅音字母Cc Gg Ss（4）单独不发音的辅音字母Qq少数特例，如：Iraq 伊拉克Nasdaq 全国证券交易商自动报价系统协会2、元音字母：（1）元音字母的长、短音Aa cake catEe me metIi(Yy) kite kit my TommyOo hole hotUu use us（2）元音字母的不规则发音例如what, China, many, cinema, come, collect, ruler, put, lotus，等等。2、常见的字母组合：（1）常见的辅音字母组合 只有一种读音的辅音字母组合ck tr dr ph sh ds ts 有两种或以上发音的辅音字母组合ch ng nk qu ghth wh -dge -tion -ture （2）常见的元音字母组合aaero ai al ao ar au aw ay air eea ee ei eo er eu ew ey ear ereiie ir ooa oe oi oo or ou ow oy ouruur -ure uy第1节1、辅音字母的发音（1）朗读字母表Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm NnOo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz标注黑体的字母叫做元音字母，类似汉语拼音的“韵母”。下面，我们先把他们“隐藏”起来：Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm NnOo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz除了“隐藏”的元音字母之外，其余的字母叫做辅音字母，类似汉语拼音中的“声母”。他们在英语单词中能发出什么样的声音？请试读。（2）圈出有两种或两种发音的字母。（3）跟老师朗读辅音字母的发音。（4）练一练，听老师的读音猜字母。2、短元音 Aa的发音（1）在老师的帮助下拼读下列单词 b-a-t bat c-a-t cat d-a-d dad f-a-t fat b-a-g bag h-a-t hat l-a-d lad m-a-n man n-a-p nap p-a-l pal r-a-t rat s-a-d sad v-a-n van w-a-g wag a-x-e axea-n-d and（2）试读下列单词第 4 页a-t ata-n anp-a-n pan a-m amS-a-m Sam a-dd addd-a-d dadm-a-p map h-a-d had f-l-a-t flat f-l-a-g flagp-l-a-n planc-l-a-p clap g-l-a-d glad g-r-a-m gram第 16 页绕口令Tongue twisterJack and MaxA cat and a capJack has a fat catAnd Max has a black cap第2节1、辅音字母组合辅音字母组合由两个或两个以上的辅音字母组成，例如：chtchckthphwh-trdrkn-qu-ngnksh（1）思考：在以上的字母组合中，每个组合都有能发什么音？请结合你学过的单词举例说明。（2）听老师的音猜字母（组合）。2、拼读练习chatchaffchapchampbatch matchcatchpatchblackbacklacksackmashflashdashrashbangganghangslangbankfranktankflankthatmaththankthatchdragtrackknackquack3、短元音Ee的发音。拼读练习betgetletbedjetyetmetmesspetnetmenpenhentenyesredlegwellselltellbellsmellbestrestvesttestpestchestshedneckcheck whendress stress press step绕口令Tongue twisterKen sells eggsBen sells eggsKen and Ben sell hens eggsKen and Ben sell eggs and pens第3节1、巩固练习：比较下列各组单词的读音。batbet badbedpackpeckblandblendblanketblenchbrandtrend rackneckcanKenlandlendpanpenflashflesh gladfledmathmessmatmethackheck2、短元音 Ii (Yy)的发音。（1）拼读练习kitlidbithitshipknitslipthinthingsinsingkingsinglemissmythtripdripclipclickstingstringspring bringshrinkpinkthinktwinklesixfixsixthquickwhipPhilipchickpitch（2）练一练：圈出老师所念的单词massmathdragtrackquickquacksingthingbanbang fangfanmashmatchexpandspendbandbankblankblackgetjetfledflatwrinkletwinkleknackneckfleshflash（3）绕口令 Mr Kim is swimming in a big swimming-pool with a big fish. Mick and Dicks sixth sister has sixty-six sticks. Mrs Bell yells to tell Mr Bell to sell the shells. Max and Teds dad let that fat cat dragged that black hat to Teds bed.第4节1、复习巩固：朗读下列辅音字母组合和例词。辅音字母组合例 词辅音字母组合例 词shship, fish, finishwhwhip, when, whizchchin, chat, Frenchwho, whoseChristmas, schooltrtrack, trick，tramp-tchmatch, catch, pitch drdress, drag, drinkckback, click, beckqu-quick, quiz, quackththin, thick, thankkn-knick-knack, knitthat, them, with-ngsing, king, hangphphoto, Philip,-nkthink, thank, tank 注：wh在美语中也可以念hw音，例如以上例词whip, when, whiz在英语念 wip, wen, wiz，美语则常念成hwip, hwen, hwiz，这种例子有很多。2、短元音Oo的发音。（1）拼读练习hopboxfoxgoddogcockclockblockshopshotchopknotknockcostlostlongsongstrongfromclothmothtroddropfrog（2）比较下列单词的读音shipshopknitknotdripdropbrickblock tiptopfixfoxmythmothstickstockmenmantentanshedshadbeckbackbedbadpetpatfleshflashtrendtramp （3）绕口令 A shocked fox hopped into a box and blocked by a dog.第5节1、短元音Uu的发音。拼读练习upbusbutcutcupnuthugrugtuffcuffducklucksucktruckmuckmuchsumdumpjumpdrumpumphushblushtrustjustbustmustshrugdrugclubclumpclutchdulllullbulbskullsungunrunpunfunlunchpunishthumpthus绕口令Tongue twisterThe nun runs to hunt for lunch with a funny gun.2、短元音小结。短元音AEIOU例 词fatyesbigboxbus开音节与闭音节发音比较（预习）在闭音节中发短音 fat yes big box bus在开音节中发长音 fate she byte hope fuse3、容易混淆的辅音比较。trdr ths shch/tch -ng -nk trackdragtrenddrenchtripdrip trotdroptrustdrugthatchsackthinsinthingsing thongsongthumpsumshackchatfreshFrenchfishpitchshockchopflushbunchbangbankhangblankkingpinkalongdonkeyclungdrunk4、练一练：圈出你所听到的单词。(1) ant and am tan(2) back black blank bank(3) than that then them(4) smell smelt spell spelt(5) trip trick drip drill(6) quiz kiss quick kick(7) cash catch crash scratch(8) crick click grid glib(9) clock cock lock clog(10) spin spun spend span 第6节1、开音节。（1）“一个元音字母 + 一个辅音字母(r除外) + 不发音的e”结尾，例如：一个辅音字母一个元音字母不发音的ecake 符合此发音规则的单词还有safe, date, side, bike, slope, home, cute, tube等单词，而不按此规则发音的有have, give, love, dove等少量单词。辅音字母一个元音字母go（2）“辅音字母 + 一个元音字母”构成一个单词，例如： 符合此发音规则的单词还有we, he, she, me, no, so, hi等单词，而不按此规则发音的有do, to等少量单词。2、长元音 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu的发音。 按上述的发音规则拼读下列各组单词 AaaceapehategatematesafebabetapecaveslavequaketakemakebladefadetradedrakeshadepagecagelaneplaneblamesameshameframemalesalepalespadestateskateEehe we she me Eve DeleteIihibymyskyshyflyicenicericekitequitesiteridewidehidebikebytefineminelinewineshinetimedimechimefiveslideslicefiletilemilesmileOogononotecodemodedolepolevoteropenosehomedomelonebonestonehopeslopeclosesmokestrokeUuuse cute tube huge excuse abuse3、绕口令(1) A writer named Wright was telling his little son how to write Wright right. He said: It is not right to write Wright as rite, try to write Wright aright!(2) Jake made a cake for Kate for Gods sake.(3) Nobody knows why old black Joe tells such an old joke that everybody knows.第7节1、辅音字母发音小结辅音字母例词辅音字母例词辅音字母例词bbat, babejjust, jadessad, Missccat, cakekcake, kitehas, hisice, nicelslope, lullttime, fatddog, mademmum, fromvvest, stoveffat, off, lifenno, antwwest, wishofppen, clapxtax, box, sixggo, flagqquick, quackyyes, yellpage, ginrred, brickzzip, quizhhe, hate,注：（1）字母c的后面跟着e, i, y时发s 音，否则发k音。例如nice, ice, rice, cell 等等。（2）字母g的后面跟着e, i, y时与字母J发音相同，否则发g音。例如cage, page, gin等等。但也有不按此规则发音的，例如give, gift, giggle, gig等等,学习时要多注意。 2、读一读：比较下列的长元音和短元音。actace hathategapgatematmatebackbaketaptapetacktakequackquakepackpage tracktrademad-madeshadshadeplanplaneSamsameshamshamemalmalewedweshedshemetmehenhehimhibitbitenicknicekitkitequitquitetriptripespin-spinewinwineTimtimedimdimenotnotecockcokebondbonehophopeclothclosesmocksmokeususecutcutehughugebusabuse3、读一读：比较斜体部分的发音。brickblockbradblamebrokeblend fringeflexfriskflatfryflycropclockcrossclonecrimeclapgradeglazegridglidegruntglideprobeplugprideply prickplumpanamtrendtrampsunsum 附录：常见元音字母组合的发音。字母组合发音例词eei: meet sheep peep keep sleeve three free teetheai: teacher please team tea beat read seae head bread peasant threat pleasureoi (oy) toilet boil soil toy boyoauboat coat goat toad float throatoou: zoo too tooth school food cool hoopulook book foot good took hookair air hair fair chair pairarefare dare hare tare shareearibear pear tear (v.) i beard fear tears dear clear: heard aiei wait again pain aim claimayei may pay bay say play today ouaucount bout loud loudly cloud cloudyu shoulder soulowu window slow flow row growau now cow bow howighai high light sight might fightaw: draw raw pawal: tall ball fall call talk walkar: car bar tar art dart march farer: her herdsister father mother brother teacher rubberir:bird girl stir sir shirt skirtor:short lord for sort or :world word work workerur:nurse fur turn burn curd surf oor: door floor:poor测 试1、圈选你听到的字母或字母组合（20分）： (1) a e i o u(2) a e i o u(3) a e i o u(4) a e i o u(5) a e i o u(6) a e i o u(7) a e i o u(8) a e i o u(9) a e i o u(10) a e i o u(11) m n ng nk(12) l r th n (13) ch sh tch j(14) k g c x(15) t d q th (16) x z y c(17) qu ck nk kn(18) nk n kn ng(19) th ph tr dr(20) wh h v y2、根据录音填写所缺的